scholarly journals Determination of the venous output function from MR signal phase: Feasibility for quantitative DCE-MRI in human brain

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Foottit ◽  
Greg O. Cron ◽  
Matthew J. Hogan ◽  
Thanh Binh Nguyen ◽  
Ian Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Output Function ◽  
Signal Phase ◽  
Dce Mri

Validated UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of moclobemide in human brain cell supernatant and its application to bidirectional transport study

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Li-Bo ◽  
Yan Miao ◽  
Li Huan-De ◽  
Fang Ping-Fei ◽  
Wang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Cell ◽  
Transport Study ◽  
Bidirectional Transport ◽  
Cell Supernatant

Determination of metal elements concentrations in human brain tissues using PIXE and EDX methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 318 (3) ◽  
pp. 2313-2319
Author(s):  
Ján Pánik ◽  
Martin Kopáni ◽  
Jakub Zeman ◽  
Miroslav Ješkovský ◽  
Jakub Kaizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Brain Tissues

Effect of Tumor Volume on Drug Delivery in Heterogeneous Vasculature of Human Brain Tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Bhandari ◽  
Ankit Bansal ◽  
Rishav Jain ◽  
Anup Singh ◽  
Niraj Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Concentration Of Contrast Agent

Drug distribution in tumors is strongly dependent on tumor biological properties such as tumor volume, vasculature, and porosity. An understanding of the drug distribution pattern in tumors can help in enhancing the effectiveness of anticancer treatment. A numerical model is employed to study the distribution of contrast agent in the heterogeneous vasculature of human brain tumors of different volumes. Dynamic contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been done for a number of patients with different tumor volumes. Leaky tracer kinetic model (LTKM) is employed to obtain perfusion parameters from the DCE-MRI data. These parameters are used as input in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), interstitial fluid velocity (IFV), and distribution of the contrast agent in different tumors. Numerical results demonstrate that the IFP is independent of tumor volume. On the other hand, the IFV increases as the tumor volume increases. Further, the concentration of contrast agent also increases with the tumor volume. The results obtained in this work are in line with the experimental DCE-MRI data. It is observed that large volume tumors tend to retain a higher concentration of contrast agent for a longer duration of time because of large extravasation flux and slow washout as compared to smaller tumors. These results may be qualitatively extrapolated to chemotherapeutic drug delivery, implying faster healing in large volume tumors. This study helps in understanding the effect of tumor volume on the treatment outcome for a wide range of human tumors.

Determination of Chol-1 Antigen in Human Brain and Neuroblastoma Tumor

1987 ◽  
pp. 455-457
Author(s):  
Marie-Odile Jauberteau ◽  
P. Richardson ◽  
M. L. Harpin ◽  
N. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Neuroblastoma Tumor

Topical Review: Cortical Malformation and Pediatric Epilepsy: A Molecular Genetic Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-303
Author(s):  
Ganeshwaran H. Mochida
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Pediatric Epilepsy ◽  
Causative Gene ◽  
Cortical Malformation ◽  
Neuronal Progenitor ◽  
Cortical Patterning ◽  
Low Incidence

Genetic malformations of the cerebral cortex are important causes of neurologic morbidity in children because they are often associated with developmental delay, motor disturbances (cerebral palsy), and epilepsy. Primary autosomal recessive microcephaly is a cortical malformation with a low incidence of epilepsy. One of its causative genes, ASPM, might play an important role in regulating proliferation of neuronal progenitor cells. Mutations in ASPM do not seem to affect later stages of cortical development, such as neuronal migration, and this might be responsible for the low epileptogenicity of this malformation. ASPM might also have played an important role in the evolutionary expansion of the human brain. Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria, on the other hand, is a highly epileptogenic malformation. Its causative gene, GPR56 , is also expressed in the neurogenic regions of the cortex, but its primary function might be in the determination of cell fate and/or cortical patterning. Further studies of these genes will likely lead to a better understanding of human brain development and epilepsy. ( J Child Neurol 2005;20:300—303).

scholarly journals Quantification of Neuroreceptors in the Living Human Brain. II. Inhibition Studies of Receptor Density and Affinity

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean F. Wong ◽  
Albert Gjedde ◽  
Henry N. Wagner ◽  
Robert F. Dannals ◽  
Kenneth H. Douglass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Receptor Density ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Tracer Accumulation ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Human Autopsy Material ◽  
Human Autopsy

A method for estimating receptor density ( Bmax) in the living human brain by positron emission tomography was exemplified by a ligand, 3- N-[11C]methylspiperone ([11C]NMSP), that binds to D2 dopamine receptors with high affinity. The ligand binds essentially irreversibly (i.e., with very little dissociation) to the receptors during the 2-h scanning period. Transfer constants were estimated at steady state. In a previous article, we presented a method for the determination of k3, the rate of binding of the labeled ligand. In the present work, we varied k3 by reducing the number of available receptors with a previously administered receptor blocking agent, haloperidol. We calculated a receptor density of 9.2 pmol g−1 in the caudate nucleus of four normal volunteers, and an inhibitory constant of haloperidol of 1.4 n M by comparing tracer accumulation in the absence and the presence of the blocking agent. The values agreed with measurements of NMSP receptor density and haloperidol inhibitory potency in vitro in brain homogenates from human autopsy material.

Determination of main and trace element contents in human brain by NAA and ICP-AES methods

1990 ◽  
Vol 26-27 (1) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Andrási ◽  
J. Nádasdi ◽  
Zs. Molnar ◽  
L. Bezur ◽  
L. Ernyei
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Trace Element Contents ◽  
Element Contents
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