Involvement of dynamin 2 in actin-based polar-body extrusion during porcine oocyte maturation

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 725-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Qiao-Chu Wang ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
Rui Cao ◽  
Xiang-Shun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion ◽  
Dynamin 2

scholarly journals Comparison of the toxic effects of different mycotoxins on porcine and mouse oocyte meiosis

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Lu ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Jia-Qian Liu ◽  
Peng Zou ◽  
Lu Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Mouse Oocyte ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Mouse Oocytes ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion

Background Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2, ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA) are the most common mycotoxins that are found in corn-based animal feed which have multiple toxic effects on animals and humans. Previous studies reported that these mycotoxins impaired mammalian oocyte quality. However, the effective concentrations of mycotoxins to animal oocytes were different. Methods In this study we aimed to compare the sensitivity of mouse and porcine oocytes to AFB1, DON, HT-2, OTA, and ZEA for mycotoxin research. We adopted the polar body extrusion rate of mouse and porcine oocyte as the standard for the effects of mycotoxins on oocyte maturation. Results and Discussion Our results showed that 10 μM AFB1 and 1 μM DON significantly affected porcine oocyte maturation compared with 50 μM AFB1 and 2 μM DON on mouse oocytes. However, 10 nM HT-2 significantly affected mouse oocyte maturation compared with 50 nM HT-2 on porcine oocytes. Moreover, 5 μM OTA and 10 μM ZEA significantly affected porcine oocyte maturation compared with 300 μM OTA and 50 μM ZEA on mouse oocytes. In summary, our results showed that porcine oocytes were more sensitive to AFB1, DON, OTA, and ZEA than mouse oocytes except HT-2 toxin.

scholarly journals Pterostilbene Alleviates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Damage During Porcine Oocyte Maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Guo ◽  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Yanjun Huan
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
High Level ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphate pesticide, is reported to severely impair mammalian reproductive system. Pterostilbene (PTS), an effective free radical scavenger, is considered as beneficial for mammalian reproduction. However, the toxicity of CPF on oocyte maturation and whether PTS can eliminate the detrimental effect of CPF on oocytes remain unclear. Here, porcine oocytes were applied to investigate the potential effect and possible mechanism of CPF and PTS during oocyte maturation. This work demonstrated that CPF significantly delayed the meiotic progression and decreased the polar body extrusion by disturbing spindle assembly and chromosome alignment and causing DNA damage in oocytes (p < 0.05). And, CPF significantly impaired oocyte cytoplasmic maturation by inducing the high level of reactive oxygen species and decreasing glutathione content (p < 0.05). Moreover, CPF significantly triggered embryo apoptosis and reduced the blastocyst rate and cell number following parthenogenetic activation (p < 0.05). Whereas CPF-exposed oocytes were treated with PTS, these defects caused by CPF were obviously rescued, and oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development were also significantly ameliorated (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results revealed that CPF exerted the toxic effect on porcine oocytes, while PTS effectively alleviated CPF-induced damage on oocytes. This work provides a potential strategy to protect oocyte maturation in mammalian species.

scholarly journals Ral GTPase is essential for actin dynamics and Golgi apparatus distribution in mouse oocyte maturation

Cell Division ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hong Sun ◽  
Lin-Lin Hu ◽  
Chao-Ying Zhao ◽  
Xiang Lu ◽  
Yan-Ping Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Mouse Oocyte ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Mouse Oocytes ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
Ral Gtpase ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion ◽  
Cytoskeleton Dynamics

Abstract Background Ral family is a member of Ras-like GTPase superfamily, which includes RalA and RalB. RalA/B play important roles in many cell biological functions, including cytoskeleton dynamics, cell division, membrane transport, gene expression and signal transduction. However, whether RalA/B involve into the mammalian oocyte meiosis is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the roles of RalA/B during mouse oocyte maturation. Results Our results showed that RalA/B expressed at all stages of oocyte maturation, and they were enriched at the spindle periphery area after meiosis resumption. The injection of RalA/B siRNAs into the oocytes significantly disturbed the polar body extrusion, indicating the essential roles of RalA/B for oocyte maturation. We observed that in the RalA/B knockdown oocytes the actin filament fluorescence intensity was significantly increased at the both cortex and cytoplasm, and the chromosomes were failed to locate near the cortex, indicating that RalA/B regulate actin dynamics for spindle migration in mouse oocytes. Moreover, we also found that the Golgi apparatus distribution at the spindle periphery was disturbed after RalA/B depletion. Conclusions In summary, our results indicated that RalA/B affect actin dynamics for chromosome positioning and Golgi apparatus distribution in mouse oocytes.

Treatment of allicin improves maturation of immature oocytes and subsequent developmental ability of preimplantation embryos

Zygote ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Gi Jeong ◽  
Seung-Eun Lee ◽  
Yun-Gwi Park ◽  
Yeo-Jin Son ◽  
Min-Young Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Porcine Oocyte

SummaryAllicin (AL) regulates the cellular redox, proliferation, viability, and cell cycle of different cells against extracellular-derived stress. This study investigated the effects of allicin treatment on porcine oocyte maturation and developmental competence. Porcine oocytes were cultured in medium supplemented with 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 μM AL, respectively, during in vitro maturation (IVM). The rate of polar body emission was higher in the 0.1 AL-treated group (74.5% ± 2.3%) than in the control (68.0% ± 2.6%) (P < 0.1). After parthenogenetic activation, the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation were significantly higher in the 0.1 AL-treated group than in the control (P < 0.05). The reactive oxygen species level at metaphase II did not significantly differ among all groups. In matured oocytes, the expression of both BAK and CASP3, and BIRC5 was significantly lower and higher, respectively, in the 0.1 AL-treated group than in the control. Similarly, the expression of BMP15 and CCNB1, and the activity of phospho-p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), significantly increased. These results indicate that supplementation of oocyte maturation medium with allicin during IVM improves the maturation of oocytes and the subsequent developmental competence of porcine oocytes.

scholarly journals SIRT6 Maintains Redox Homeostasis to Promote Porcine Oocyte Maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Yilong Miao ◽  
Jingyue Chen ◽  
Bo Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion

SIRT6, the sixth member of the sirtuin family proteins, has been characterized as a crucial regulator in multiple molecular pathways related to aging, including genome stability, DNA damage repair, telomere maintenance, and inflammation. However, the exact roles of SIRT6 during female germ cell development have not yet been fully determined. Here, we assessed the acquisition of meiotic competency of porcine oocytes by inhibition of SIRT6 activity. We observed that SIRT6 inhibition led to the oocyte meiotic defects by showing the impairment of polar body extrusion and cumulus cell expansion. Meanwhile, the compromised spindle/chromosome structure and actin dynamics were also present in SIRT6-inhibited oocytes. Moreover, SIRT6 inhibition resulted in the defective cytoplasmic maturation by displaying the disturbed distribution dynamics of cortical granules and their content ovastacin. Notably, we identified that transcript levels of genes related to oocyte meiosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and cellular senescence were remarkably altered in SIRT6-inhibited oocytes by transcriptome analysis and validated that the meiotic defects caused by SIRT6 inhibition might result from the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced early apoptosis in oocytes. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that SIRT6 promotes the porcine oocyte meiotic maturation through maintaining the redox homeostasis.

scholarly journals Progesterone influences cytoplasmic maturation in porcine oocytes developingin vitro

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Yuan ◽  
Shuang Liang ◽  
Yong-Xun Jin ◽  
Jeong-Woo Kwon ◽  
Jia-Bao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Nuclear Maturation ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Cytoplasmic Maturation

Progesterone (P4), an ovarian steroid hormone, is an important regulator of female reproduction. In this study, we explored the influence of progesterone on porcine oocyte nuclear maturation and cytoplasmic maturation and developmentin vitro. We found that the presence of P4 during oocyte maturation did not inhibit polar body extrusions but significantly increased glutathione and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels relative to that in control groups. The incidence of parthenogenetically activated oocytes that could develop to the blastocyst stage was higher (p< 0.05) when oocytes were exposed to P4 as compared to that in the controls. Cell numbers were increased in the P4-treated groups. Further, the P4-specific inhibitor mifepristone (RU486) prevented porcine oocyte maturation, as represented by the reduced incidence (p< 0.05) of oocyte first polar body extrusions. RU486 affected maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity and maternal mRNA polyadenylation status. In general, these data show that P4 influences the cytoplasmic maturation of porcine oocytes, at least partially, by decreasing their polyadenylation, thereby altering maternal gene expression.

scholarly journals Tributyltin Oxide Exposure During in vitro Maturation Disrupts Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Embryonic Developmental Competence in Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Xiao ◽  
Bao Yuan ◽  
Weiyi Hu ◽  
Jiajia Qi ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cellular Iron ◽  
Ros Accumulation ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Cellular Iron Homeostasis

Tributyltin oxide (TBTO), an organotin compound, has been demonstrated to have toxic effects on several cell types. Previous research has shown that TBTO impairs mouse denuded oocyte maturation. However, limited information is available on the effects of TBTO exposure on livestock reproductive systems, especially on porcine oocytes in the presence of dense cumulus cells. In the present research, we evaluated the effects of TBTO exposure on porcine oocyte maturation and the possible underlying mechanisms. Porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes were cultured in maturation medium with or without TBTO for 42 h. We found that TBTO exposure during oocyte maturation prevented polar body extrusion, inhibited cumulus expansion and impaired subsequent blastocyst formation after parthenogenetic activation. Further analysis revealed that TBTO exposure not only induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation but also caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced intracellular ATP generation. In addition, TBTO exposure impaired porcine oocyte quality by disrupting cellular iron homeostasis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that TBTO exposure impairs the porcine oocyte maturation process by inducing intracellular ROS accumulation, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupting cellular iron homeostasis, thus decreasing the quality and impairing the subsequent embryonic developmental competence of porcine oocytes.

scholarly journals 313IN VITRO MATURATION AND FERTILIZATION OF OOCYTES COLLECTED FROM UNSTIMULATED MACACA NEMISTRINA OVARIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
E.S. Hayes ◽  
E.C. Curnow
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Maturation In Vitro ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion

Reports describing the IVM of Macaca nemestrina (Mn) oocytes are limited (Cranfield MR et al. 1989 Zoo. Biol. (Supp. 1), 33). The use of gonadotrophins (Gnt) for IVM of non-human primate (NHP) oocytes is common but the concentrations used are often high (8–40IUmL−1) and the species of origin and biological activity of Gnt varies (Schramm RD and Paprocki AM, 2000 Hum. Reprod. 15, 2411). We have compared two different IVM systems with human Gnt on maturation and fertilization of oocytes collected from unstimulated Mn ovaries (n=6–10 animals). Oocytes were subjected to IVM in modified (minus PVA and pantothenic acid, plus 20 amino acids) HECM−10+15% FCS (Zheng P et al., 2001 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 58, 348) for a) 36h in the presence (mHECM+36, n=322) or absence (mHECM−36, n=99) of FSH and LH applied sequentially (FSH 1IUmL−1 0–24h; 10IUmL−1 FSH and LH 24–36h) or b) 24h in the presence (mHECM+24, n=119) or absence (mHECM−24, n=56) of static concentrations of Gnt (FSH and LH 1IUmL−1 0–24h; no Gnt 24–30h). Oocytes exhibiting first polar body extrusion at 36 and 30h were recorded as mature (MII) and subjected to IVF in HTF+BSA (3mg mL−1) with Mn sperm pretreated with 1.0mM caffeine and 0.1mM dbcAMP. Fertilized oocytes (pronuclei and/or 2nd polar body extrusion) were cultured in sequential culture medium for 48h, assessed for cleavage and either fixed or frozen. Proportional data (mature/total, fertilized/mature or cleaved/fertilized) were compared by chi-square analysis and are reported as percentages. Oocytes cultured in mHECM+36 and mHECM−36 exhibited similar rates of GVBD (58.7% v. 53.5%) but the percentage of MII oocytes was significantly higher (P=0.0244) in mHECM+36 (41.3%) v. mHECM−36 (28.3%). Fertilization rates were comparable between mHECM+36 (61.5%) and mHECM−36 (60.9%), whereas cleavage rates were significantly higher (P=0.0004) in mHECM+36 (74.6%) v. HECM−36 (21.4%). Oocytes cultured in mHECM+24 and mHECM−24 exhibited similar rates of GVBD (76.5% v. 62.5%) but the proportion of MII oocytes was significantly higher (P=0.0159) in mHECM+24 (55.5%) v. mHECM−24 (35.7%). Fertilization and cleavage rates were comparable between mHECM+24 (58.8% v. 63.3%) and mHECM−24 (50.0% v. 42.8%). A comparison between mHECM+36 and mHECM+24 indicated a significantly lower (P=0.0005) percentage of GV oocytes and a significantly higher (P=0.0096) percentage of MII oocytes in mHECM+24 (23.5% v. 55.5%) compared to mHECM+36 (41.3% v. 41.3%). Fertilization and cleavage rates were not significantly different between mHECM+36 and mHECM+24. Oocyte maturation and fertilization and embryo cleavage were not different for mHECM−36 and mHECM−24 (P=0.3138–0.8202). Mn oocytes exhibit high rates of Gnt-independent GVBD (52.5%–53.5%) and maturation (28.3%–35.7%) in vitro, and maturation rates were improved in Gnt supplemented maturation medium. However, reduced exposure to lower concentrations of FSH and increased exposure to lower concentrations of LH was associated with higher rates of oocyte maturation in vitro. The use of lower concentrations of FSH and LH for reduced periods may improve IVM of NHP oocytes. This work was supported by the Tissue Distribution Program of the WaNPRC (NIH grant # R00166).

EZH2 is essential for spindle assembly regulation and chromosomal integrity during porcine oocyte meiotic maturation†

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Cai ◽  
Keying Wen ◽  
Miao Ma ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Delin Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Spindle Assembly ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Meiotic Progression ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Early Occurrence

Abstract Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been extensively investigated to participate in diverse biological processes, including carcinogenesis, the cell cycle, X-chromosome inactivation, and early embryonic development. However, the functions of this protein during mammalian oocyte meiotic maturation remain largely unexplored. Here, combined with RNA-Seq, we provided evidence that EZH2 is essential for oocyte meiotic maturation in pigs. First, EZH2 protein expression increased with oocyte progression from GV to MII stage. Second, the siRNA-mediated depletion of EZH2 led to accelerated GVBD and early occurrence of the first polar body extrusion. Third, EZH2 knockdown resulted in defective spindle assembly, abnormal SAC activity, and unstable K-MT attachment, which was concomitant with the increased rate of aneuploidy. Finally, EZH2 silencing exacerbated oxidative stress by increasing ROS levels and disrupting the distribution of active mitochondria in porcine oocytes. Furthermore, parthenogenetic embryonic development was impaired following the depletion of EZH2 at GV stage. Taken together, we concluded that EZH2 is necessary for porcine oocyte meiotic progression through regulating spindle organization, maintaining chromosomal integrity, and mitochondrial function.

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