Transmission ratio distortion at the growth hormone gene (GH1) in bovine preimplantation embryos: An in vitro culture-induced phenomenon?

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Murphy ◽  
Kieran G. Meade ◽  
Patricia A. Hayes ◽  
Stephen D.E. Park ◽  
Alex C.O. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Ratio Distortion

scholarly journals Transmission ratio distortion in the myotonic dystrophy locus in human preimplantation embryos

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola L Dean ◽  
J Concepción Loredo-Osti ◽  
T Mary Fujiwara ◽  
Kenneth Morgan ◽  
Seang Lin Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Ratio Distortion ◽  
Human Preimplantation Embryos

scholarly journals The in vivo and in vitro transmission ratio distortion of one complete and two partial t haplotypes in mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Garside ◽  
Christine Ruangvoravat ◽  
Patricia Dolan ◽  
Nina Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Model ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ratio Distortion

SummaryThe effects of different types of insemination (normal and delayed matings and in vitro fertilization) on the transmission ratio distortion (TRD) of three t haplotypes were determined. The tw73 haplotype which contains all of the loci known to affect TRD is transmitted at equivalent frequencies in normal matings and in in vitro fertilizations (0·84 and 0·85, respectively) but at a significantly lower frequency (0·62) in delayed matings. The distal partial th18 haplotype is transmitted at equivalent frequencies in all types of insemination (0·66 to 0·70) while the proximal partial tw18 haplotype is transmitted in Mendelian frequencies in normal matings and in in vitro inseminations but at a significantly lower frequency in delayed matings. The results are discussed with reference to the current genetic model for transmission ratio distortion.

A premature acrosome reaction is programmed by mouse t haplotypes during sperm differentiation and could play a role in transmission ratio distortion

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brown ◽  
J.A. Cebra-Thomas ◽  
J.D. Bleil ◽  
P.M. Wassarman ◽  
L.M. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Ratio Distortion ◽  
Sperm Dysfunction

Mouse t haplotypes are variant forms of chromosome 17 that can be transmitted at non-Mendelian ratios by heterozygous +/t males. The accumulated genetic data indicate that ‘+-sperm’ and ‘t-sperm’ are produced in equal numbers but that most ‘+-sperm’ are rendered dysfunctional, so that ‘t-sperm’ have a relative advantage at fertilization. To date, the basis for this t-induced sperm dysfunction has remained unknown. Here we demonstrate that a high proportion of sperm obtained from certain strains of +/t mice undergo a premature acrosome reaction under in vitro capacitation conditions. The simplest interpretation of these data, in conjunction with previous results, is that developing ‘+-spermatids’ are preprogrammed by ‘t-spermatids’ to undergo this premature reaction. Since acrosome-reacted sperm are unable to participate in the process of fertilization, this defect could account for the extreme distortion of transmission ratio observed from mice heterozygous for a class of complete t haplotypes.

Quantitation of two-dimensional gel proteins reveals unequal amounts of Tcp-1 gene products during mouse spermatogenesis but no correlation with transmission ratio distortion

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Edwin R. Sánchez ◽  
Craig Hammerberg ◽  
Robert P. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Protein A ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
T Complex ◽  
In Vivo Labelling ◽  
Ratio Distortion

The discovery of a protein, p63/6·9, that is synthesized by both somatic and germ cells and coded for by a gene, Tcp-1, within the t complex provides a molecular probe for examining transmission ratio distortion in t mice. Two electromorphs of this protein exist. The acidic protein (a) is encoded by t-haplotype chromosomes, while the basic protein (b) is encoded by wild-type 17th chromosomes. We have measured the relative amounts of p63/6·9a and p63/6·9b for various t-complex bearing males and for several stages of spermatogenesis. There was no correlation between the ratio of p63/6·9a to b and the magnitude of transmission ratio distortion but the relative amounts of these proteins present in testicular cells can vary depending on the method of labelling. In vivo labelling results in the detection of two-fold greater amounts of p63/6·9a while in vitro labelling produces equimolar amounts of these two proteins. These data suggest that unequal synthesis or degradation of the p63/6·9 proteins occurs during spermatogenesis. It is proposed that increased synthesis of p63/6·9a in vivo is an intrinsic property of t-haplotypes.

scholarly journals The transmission ratio distortion of the th2-haplotype in vivo and in vitro

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Garside ◽  
Nina Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Ratio Distortion

SummaryThe th2-haplotype is transmitted at low frequencies (< 0·30) by + / th2 males in normal matings. In the studies described here, the transmission frequency of the th2-haplotype from Rb7 / th2 males was determined for normal and delayed matings and in vitro inseminations. The data show the transmission frequency from the two in vivo inseminations to be less than 0·30 and to be statistically equivalent. However, the in vitro transmission frequency (0·80) is significantly greater than either of the in vivo frequencies. The results show that the environment in which fertilization occurs affects the transmission frequency of this specific t-haplotype significantly.

scholarly journals Transmission-Ratio Distortion Through F1 Females at Chromosome 11 Loci Linked to Om in the Mouse DDK Syndrome

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 1299-1304
Author(s):  
F Pardo-Manuel de Villena ◽  
C Slamka ◽  
M Fonseca ◽  
A K Naumova ◽  
J Paquette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Model ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strains ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Ratio Distortion

Abstract We determined the genotypes of &gt;200 offspring that are survivors of matings between female reciprocal F1 hybrids (between the DDK and C57BL/6J inbred mouse strains) and C57BL/6J males at markers linked to the Ovum mutant (Om) locus on chromosome 11. In contrast to the expectations of our previous genetic model to explain the “DDK syndrome,” the genotypes of these offspring do not reflect preferential survival of individuals that receive C57BL/6J alleles from the F1 females in the region of chromosome 11 to which the Om locus has been mapped. In fact, we observe significant transmission-ratio distortion in favor of DDK alleles in this region. These results are also in contrast to the expectations of Wakasugi's genetic model for the inheritance of Om, in which he proposed equal transmission of DDK and non-DDK alleles from F1 females. We propose that the results of these experiments may be explained by reduced expression of the maternal DDK Om allele or expression of the maternal DDK Om allele in only a portion of the ova of F1 females

scholarly journals Nondisjunction and transmission ratio distortion ofChromosome 2 in a (2.8) Robertsonian translocation mouse strain

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiner Schulz ◽  
Lara A. Underkoffler ◽  
Joelle N. Collins ◽  
Rebecca J. Oakey
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Robertsonian Translocation ◽  
Transmission Ratio Distortion ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Ratio Distortion
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