scholarly journals Effects of ovarian theca cells on granulosa cell differentiation during gonadotropin-independent follicular growth in cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Orisaka ◽  
Tetsuya Mizutani ◽  
Kimihisa Tajima ◽  
Sanae Orisaka ◽  
Ken-ichi Shukunami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Theca Cells

scholarly journals The role of IGFs in the regulation of ovarian follicular growth in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Juengel ◽  
Lisa J Haydon ◽  
Brigitta Mester ◽  
Brian P Thomson ◽  
Michael Beaumont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Theca Cells ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Growth

IGFs are known to be key regulators of ovarian follicular growth in eutherian mammals, but little is known regarding their role in marsupials. To better understand the potential role of IGFs in the regulation of follicular growth in marsupials, expression of mRNAs encoding IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), IGFBP4 and IGFBP5 was localized by in situ hybridization in developing ovarian follicles of the brushtail possum. In addition, the effects of IGF1 and IGF2 on granulosa cell function were tested in vitro. Both granulosa and theca cells synthesize IGF mRNAs, with the theca expressing IGF1 mRNA and granulosa cell expressing IGF2 mRNA. Oocytes and granulosa cells express IGF1R. Granulosa and theca cells expressed IGFBP mRNAs, although the pattern of expression differed between the BPs. IGFBP5 mRNA was differentially expressed as the follicles developed with granulosa cells of antral follicles no longer expressing IGFBP5 mRNA, suggesting an increased IGF bioavailability in the antral follicle. The IGFBP protease, PAPPA mRNA, was also expressed in granulosa cells of growing follicles. Both IGF1 and IGF2 stimulated thymidine incorporation but had no effect on progesterone production. Thus, IGF may be an important regulator of ovarian follicular development in marsupials as has been shown in eutherian mammals.

scholarly journals Biology and Biotechnology of Follicle Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Adolfo Palma ◽  
Martin Eduardo Argañaraz ◽  
Antonio Daniel Barrera ◽  
Daniela Rodler ◽  
Adrian Ángel Mutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Theca Cells ◽  
Gap Junction Communication ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Interactions

Growth and development of ovarian follicles require a series of coordinated events that induce morphological and functional changes within the follicle, leading to cell differentiation and oocyte development. The preantral early antral follicle transition is the stage of follicular development during which gonadotropin dependence is obtained and the progression into growing or atresia of the follicle is made. Follicular growth during this period is tightly regulated by oocyte-granulosatheca cell interactions. A cluster of early expressed genes is required for normal folliculogenesis. Granulosa cell factors stimulate the recruitment of theca cells from cortical stromal cells. Thecal factors promote granulosa cell proliferation and suppress granulosa cell apoptosis. Cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions influence the production of growth factors in the different follicular compartments (oocyte, granulosa, and theca cells). Several autocrine and paracrine factors are involved in follicular growth and differentiation; their activity is present even at the time of ovulation, decreasing the gap junction communication, and stimulating the theca cell proliferation. In addition, the identification of the factors that promote follicular growth from the preantral stage to the small antral stage may provide important information for the identification for assisted reproduction techniques.

Inhibition of rat granulosa cell differentiation by overexpression of Gαq

Endocrine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalba Escamilla-Hernandez ◽  
Lynda Little-Ihrig ◽  
Anthony J. Zeleznik
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Granulosa Cell

scholarly journals Constitutively Active Protein Kinase A Qualitatively Mimics the Effects of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone on Granulosa Cell Differentiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1842-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalba Escamilla-Hernandez ◽  
Lynda Little-Ihrig ◽  
Kyle E. Orwig ◽  
Junming Yue ◽  
Uma Chandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Active Protein ◽  
Kinase A ◽  
Constitutively Active ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

scholarly journals Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Induces Multiple Signaling Cascades: Evidence that Activation of Rous Sarcoma Oncogene, RAS, and the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Are Critical for Granulosa Cell Differentiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1940-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Wayne ◽  
Heng-Yu Fan ◽  
Xiaodong Cheng ◽  
JoAnne S. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Rous Sarcoma ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Abstract FSH regulates ovarian granulosa cell differentiation not only by activating adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A (PKA) but also by other complex mechanisms. Using primary rat granulosa cell cultures, we provide novel evidence that FSH rapidly activates two small GTP-binding proteins RAP1 and RAS. FSH activation of RAP1 requires cAMP-mediated activation of exchange factor activated by cAMP/RAPGEF3 whereas FSH activation of RAS and downstream signaling cascades involves multiple factors. Specifically, FSH activation of RAS required Rous sarcoma oncogene (SRC) family tyrosine kinase (SFK) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase activities but not PKA. FSH-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was blocked by dominant-negative RAS as well as by inhibitors of EGFR tyrosine kinase, metalloproteinases involved in growth factor shedding, and SFKs. In contrast, FSH-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) and the Forkhead transcription factor, FOXO1a occurred by SFK-dependent but RAS-independent mechanisms. The SFKs, c-SRC and FYN, and the SRC-related tyrosine kinase ABL were present and phosphorylated rapidly in response to FSH. Lastly, the EGF-like factor amphiregulin (AREG) activated RAS and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in granulosa cells by mechanisms that were selectively blocked by an EGFR antagonist but not by an SFK antagonist. However, AREG-mediated phosphorylation of PKB and FOXO1a required both EGFR and SFK activation. Moreover, we show that FSH induces AREG and that activation of the EGFR impacts granulosa cell differentiation and the expression of genes characteristic of the luteal cell phenotype. Thus, FSH orchestrates the coordinate activation of three diverse membrane-associated signaling cascades (adenylyl cyclase, RAS, and SFKs) that converge downstream to activate specific kinases (PKA, ERK1/2, and PKB/FOXO1a) that control granulosa cell function and differentiation.

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