Temporal and spatial transcriptional regulation of the aboral ectoderm-specific spec genes during sea urchin embryogenesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Tomlinson ◽  
William H. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spec Genes

Autonomous and non-autonomous differentiation of ectoderm in different sea urchin species

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1497-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Wikramanayake ◽  
B.P. Brandhorst ◽  
W.H. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
V Protein ◽  
Lytechinus Pictus ◽  
Sea Urchin Embryo ◽  
Oral Ectoderm ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

During early embryogenesis, the highly regulative sea urchin embryo relies extensively on cell-cell interactions for cellular specification. Here, the role of cellular interactions in the temporal and spatial expression of markers for oral and aboral ectoderm in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Lytechinus pictus was investigated. When pairs of mesomeres or animal caps, which are fated to give rise to ectoderm, were isolated and cultured they developed into ciliated embryoids that were morphologically polarized. In animal explants from S. purpuratus, the aboral ectoderm-specific Spec1 gene was activated at the same time as in control embryos and at relatively high levels. The Spec1 protein was restricted to the squamous epithelial cells in the embryoids suggesting that an oral-aboral axis formed and aboral ectoderm differentiation occurred correctly. However, the Ecto V protein, a marker for oral ectoderm differentiation, was detected throughout the embryoid and no stomodeum or ciliary band formed. These results indicated that animal explants from S. purpuratus were autonomous in their ability to form an oral-aboral axis and to differentiate aboral ectoderm, but other aspects of ectoderm differentiation require interaction with vegetal blastomeres. In contrast to S. purpuratus, aboral ectoderm-specific genes were not expressed in animal explants from L. pictus even though the resulting embryoids were morphologically very similar to those of S. purpuratus. Recombination of the explants with vegetal blastomeres or exposure to the vegetalizing agent LiCl restored activity of aboral ectoderm-specific genes, suggesting the requirement of a vegetal induction for differentiation of aboral ectoderm cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of histone variantH2A.Zduring sea urchin development

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 727-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Hajdu ◽  
Jasmine Calle ◽  
Andrea Puno ◽  
Aminat Haruna ◽  
César Arenas-Mena
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

scholarly journals Identification of cis-regulatory elements involved in transcriptional regulation of the sea urchin SpFoxB gene

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth-Sharon Fung ◽  
Carey Thurm ◽  
Rae Reuille ◽  
Barbara Brede ◽  
Brian T. Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Regulatory Elements

scholarly journals Effects of Ocean Climate on Spatiotemporal Variation in Sea Urchin Settlement and Recruitment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Okamoto ◽  
Stephen Schroeter ◽  
Daniel C. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Larval Transport ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Larval Recruitment ◽  
Purple Sea Urchin ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
And Function

AbstractSea urchins are voracious herbivores that influence the ecological structure and function of nearshore ecosystems throughout the world. Like many species that produce planktonic larvae, their recruitment is thought to be particularly sensitive to climatic fluctuations in temperature that directly or indirectly affect adult reproduction and larval transport and survival. Yet how climate alters sea urchin populations in space and time by modifying larval recruitment and year-class strength on the time-scales that regulate populations remains understudied. Using a, spatially replicated weekly-biweekly dataset spanning 27 years and 1100 km of coastline, we characterized seasonal, interannual, and spatial patterns of larval settlement of the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). We show that large spatial differences in temporal patterns of larval settlement were associated with different responses to fluctuations in ocean temperature and climate. Importantly, we found a strong correlation between larval settlement and regional year class strength suggesting that such temporal and spatial variation in settlement plays an important role in controlling population dynamics. These results provide strong evidence over extensive temporal and spatial domains that climatic fluctuations shape broad-scale patterns of larval settlement and subsequent population structure of an important marine herbivore known to control the productivity, community state and provisioning services of marine ecosystems.

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