scholarly journals Age of onset or age at assessment-that is the question: Estimating newly incident alcohol drinking and rapid transition to heavy drinking in the United States, 2002-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. e1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui G. Cheng ◽  
Catalina Lopez-Quintero ◽  
James C. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Transition

scholarly journals Does our legal minimum drinking age modulate risk of first heavy drinking episode soon after drinking onset? Epidemiological evidence for the United States, 2006–2014

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui G. Cheng ◽  
James C. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Drinking Age ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background. State-level ‘age 21’ drinking laws conform generally with the United States National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 (US), and are thought to protect young people from adverse drinking experiences such as heavy episodic drinking (HED, sometimes called ‘binge drinking’). We shed light on this hypothesis while estimating the age-specific risk of transitioning from 1st full drink to 1st HED among 12-to-23-year-old newly incident drinkers, with challenge to a “gender gap” hypothesis and male excess described in HED prevalence reports.Methods. The study population consisted of non-institutionalized civilians in the United States, with nine independently drawn nationally representative samples of more than 40,000 12-to-23-year-olds (2006–2014). Standardized audio computer-assisted self-interviews identified 43,000 newly incident drinkers (all with 1st HED evaluated within 12 months of drinking onset). Estimated age-specific HED risk soon after first full drink is evaluated for males and females.Results. Among 12-to-23-year-old newly incident drinkers, an estimated 20–30% of females and 35–45% of males experienced their 1st HED within 12 months after drinking onset. Before mid-adolescence, there is no male excess in such HED risk. Those who postponed drinking to age 21 are not spared (27% for ‘postponer’ females; 95% CI [24–30]; 42% for ‘postponer’ males; 95% CI [38–45]). An estimated 10–18% females and 10–28% males experienced their 1st HED in the same month of their 1st drink; peak HED risk estimates are 18% for ‘postponer’ females (95% CI [15–21]) and 28% for ‘postponer’ males (95% CI [24–31]).Conclusions. In the US, one in three young new drinkers transition into HED within 12 months after first drink. Those who postpone the 1st full drink until age 21 are not protected. Furthermore, ‘postponers’ have substantial risk for very rapid transition to HED. A male excess in this transition to HED is not observed until after age 14.

1. Drinking and temperance

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
W. J. Rorabaugh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Temperance Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Viable System ◽  
The Revolution

‘Drinking and temperance’ describes the history of alcohol consumption in the United States and the introduction of the temperance movement. From the earliest European settlers to the fighters of the Revolution, Americans were among the world’s heartiest drinkers, producing their own corn beer and importing rum from the West Indies. The British blockades during the war meant access to rum was lost. Americans began to distill whiskey from corn instead, which became the country’s patriotic drink. Problems associated with heavy drinking resulted in reformers creating the temperance movement, a cause that was then taken up by Protestant preachers. In the 1850s, evangelicals lobbied for statewide prohibition laws, but there was no viable system of enforcement.

Substance Use in Specific Settings

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Ames ◽  
Roland S. Moore
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Military ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

National surveys in the United States and elsewhere reveal a wide range in rates of heavy drinking across occupations, with the highest in construction and lowest in educational industries. Young adults in the military have higher heavy drinking rates than their civilian counterparts, with the highest among Army and Marine personnel. Civilian and military heavy and binge drinking and drinking on the job have been linked to specific kinds of work-related problems of high consequences to employer, employees, and the military. In 1998, the estimated employment-related costs of alcohol abuse in the United States were $135 billion; the projected costs 15 years hence are much higher. Guided by theoretical advances, links between specific environmental factors and undesirable drinking behavior have been identified and explained in the context of work culture. Results of these research endeavors have provided guidelines for research and intervention focused on prevention of alcohol-related problems in the civilian and military workplace.

Increased parental history of bipolar disorder in the United States: association with early age of onset

2013 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Post ◽  
G. S. Leverich ◽  
R. Kupka ◽  
P. Keck ◽  
S. McElroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of

Non-suicidal self-injury in United States adults: prevalence, sociodemographics, topography and functions

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1981-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Klonsky
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Self Injury

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has received increased attention in the mental health literature and has been proposed as a diagnostic entity for DSM-5. However, data on NSSI in the United States adult population are lacking.MethodThe prevalence and nature of NSSI were examined in a random-digit dialing sample of 439 adults in the United States. Participants were recruited during July and August of 2008.ResultsLifetime prevalence of NSSI was 5.9%, including 2.7% who had self-injured five or more times. The 12-month prevalence was 0.9%. Methods of NSSI reported included cutting/carving, burning, biting, scraping/scratching skin, hitting, interfering with wound healing and skin picking. Half of self-injurers reported multiple methods. The average age of onset was 16 years (median 14 years). Instances of NSSI infrequently co-occurred with suicidal thoughts and with use of alcohol or drugs and rarely required medical treatment. Most injurers reported that NSSI functioned to alleviate negative emotions. Fewer reported that they self-injured to punish themselves, to communicate with others/get attention or to escape a situation or responsibility. NSSI was associated with younger age, being unmarried and a history of mental health treatment, but not with gender, ethnicity, educational history or household income.ConclusionsResults are largely consistent with previous research in adolescent and young adult samples. Study limitations notwithstanding, this study provides the most definitive and detailed information to date regarding the prevalence and characteristics of NSSI in US adults. In the future, it will be important for large-scale epidemiological studies of psychopathology to include questions about NSSI.

The prevalence of alcohol consumption and heavy drinking among people with HIV in the United States: results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study.

2002 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H Galvan ◽  
Eric G Bing ◽  
John A Fleishman ◽  
Andrew S London ◽  
Raul Caetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Services Utilization
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