scholarly journals An ionizing radiation acoustic imaging (iRAI) technique for real‐time dosimetric measurements for FLASH radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 5090-5101
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Oraiqat ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Dale Litzenberg ◽  
Kwok Lam ◽  
Noora Ba Sunbul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Acoustic Imaging

Real Time Acoustic Imaging by Holographic Interferometry

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Hanafy ◽  
Mauro Zambuto
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Holographic Interferometry ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Acoustic Image ◽  
Vibration Pattern ◽  
Amplitude Amplification

A two-step real time acoustic imaging system is presented. The system incorporates a novel acoustic image coupler which transfers an acoustical interference pattern from a water-bounded to an air-bounded surface with vibration amplitude amplification. An original technique termed step-biased real time holographic interferometry is used to convert the amplified mechanical vibration pattern, which carries all information about the insonified object, into a visual image with improved sensitivity.

scholarly journals Common Deletion (CD) in mitochondrial DNA of irradiated rat heart

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 685-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAQUEL G. SIQUEIRA ◽  
DAYSE A. DA SILVA ◽  
LUIZ D.B. DE MELO ◽  
ELIZEU F. DE CARVALHO ◽  
SAMARA C. FERREIRA-MACHADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Deletion

The purpose of this study was to map the common deletion (CD) area in mtDNA and investigate the levels of this deletion in irradiated heart. The assays were developed in male Wistar rats that were irradiated with three different single doses (5, 10 or 15 Gy) delivered directly to the heart and the analyses were performed at various times post-irradiation (3, 15 or 120 days). The CDs area were sequenced and the CD quantified by real-time PCR. Our study demonstrated that the CD levels progressively decreased from the 3rduntil the 15th day after irradiation, and then increased thereafter. Additionally, it was observed that the levels of CD are modulated differently according to the different categories of doses (moderate and high). This study demonstrated an immediate response to ionizing radiation, measured by the presence of mutations in the CD area and a decrease in the CD levels.

Multimodal Cancer Treatment: Real Time Monitoring, Optimization, and Synergistic Effects

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Myhr
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Site Specific

The primary objective of this analysis is to provide the theoretical framework for a novel multimodal cancer treatment system emphasizing the use of ultrasound as a synergistic drug release mechanism, real time monitoring by MRI of hyperthermic, pO2, and ultrasound induced released effects. The aim is to provide a cure for the 20% of cancer victims who will die of complications from local solid tumors. Adjuvant therapy usually refers to surgery preceding or following chemotherapy and/or ionizing radiation treatment to decrease the risk of recurrence, but the absolute benefit for survival obtained with adjuvant therapy compared to control is only approximately 6%. Tumor hypoxia represents a primary therapeutic concern, besides multi-drug resistance (MDR), because it can reduce the effectiveness of drugs and radiotherapy; well-oxygenated cells require one-third the dose of hypoxic cells to achieve a given level of cell killing. The era of systemic and indiscriminate chemotherapeutic drug delivery into both healthy and pathologic tissues is near an end. Targeted drug delivery using nanoparticles is emerging as the new vehicle, either as a single treatment option, as part of adjuvant procedures or as a component of a multimodal cancer treatment system. There are more than 100 nanosized liposomes or particles, and conjugated anticancer agents in various stages of preclinical and clinical development. Active targeting can be achieved by site-specific delivery or site-specific triggering. Ultrasound can be utilized as both a site triggering and synergistic mechanism in drug release. The process can be monitored using MRI by a physical process called cavitation. An analysis of low frequency ultrasound exposure in combination with liposomally encapsulated doxorubicin (Caelyx) on Balb/c nude mice inoculated with a WiDr (human colon cancer) tumor cell line provided tumor growth inhibition of 30–40%. Mild hyperthermia causes mean intratumor pO2 to increase by 25% and enhances tumor radiosensitization. Hyperthermia causes the extravasation of liposome nanoparticles in deep tumor regions. Ionizing radiation improves the distribution and uptake of drugs. Liposomally encapsulated drugs and ultrasound mediated hyperthermia have been proven to circumvent MDR effects. Hyperthermic effects and pO2 monitoring of bodily fluid have been performed by MRI. It is hypothesized that increased vascularization and subsequent increase in pO2 levels to hypoxic regions, and monitoring of drug release through cavitation, can facilitate optimized real time concomitant or sequential treatments of drug therapy, hyperthermia, ionizing radiation, etc., before or after surgery. An improved therapeutic index with the use of the outlined system seems probable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]-Pyruvate by Magnetic Resonance to Detect Ionizing Radiation Effects in Real Time

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e87031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad C. Sandulache ◽  
Yunyun Chen ◽  
Jaehyuk Lee ◽  
Ashley Rubinstein ◽  
Marc S. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Radiation Effects

Suitability of radiochromic medium for real-time optical measurements of ionizing radiation dose

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1140-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Rink ◽  
I. Alex Vitkin ◽  
David A. Jaffray
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Optical Measurements
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