scholarly journals Motion management strategies and technical issues associated with stereotactic body radiotherapy of thoracic and upper abdominal tumors: A review from NRG oncology

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 2595-2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Brandner ◽  
Indrin J. Chetty ◽  
Tawfik G. Giaddui ◽  
Ying Xiao ◽  
M. Saiful Huq
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Motion Management ◽  
Abdominal Tumors ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Upper Abdominal

Method for technical, economic and environmental assessment of advanced sludge processing routes

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2407-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Svanström ◽  
Giorgio Bertanza ◽  
David Bolzonella ◽  
Matteo Canato ◽  
Carlo Collivignarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Seventh Framework Programme ◽  
Reference Plants ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Agricultural Use

The legislative framework in force in Europe entails restrictive effluent standards for sensitive areas, and quite severe restrictions on the properties of residual sewage sludge, both for landfill disposal and for agricultural use. Several technologies and management strategies have been proposed and applied in wastewater treatment plants to minimise sludge production and contamination. However, their techno-economic and environmental performance has to be carefully evaluated. The ROUTES project, funded within the EU Seventh Framework programme, aims to find new routes for wastewater treatment and sludge management and thereby guide EU members in their future choices. Within this project, the authors have developed and applied a procedure for techno-economic-environmental assessment of new wastewater and sludge processing lines in comparison to reference plants. The reference plants are model conventional plants that experience different types of problems and the new plants are modified plants in which different innovative technologies have been added to solve these problems. The procedure involves a rating of selected technical issues, estimates of operating costs and an assessment of environmental impacts from a life cycle perspective. This paper reports on the procedure and shows examples of results.

Evaluation of motion management strategies based on required margins

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (20) ◽  
pp. 6347-6369 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sawkey ◽  
M Svatos ◽  
C Zankowski
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Motion Management

scholarly journals Proton beam therapy for tumors of the upper abdomen

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1107) ◽  
pp. 20190226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Raldow ◽  
James Lamb ◽  
Theodore Hong
Keyword(s):  
Proton Beam Therapy ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Proton Radiotherapy ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Abdominal Tumors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinomas ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Upper Abdomen ◽  
Photon Radiotherapy

Proton radiotherapy has clear dosimetric advantages over photon radiotherapy. In contrast to photons, which are absorbed exponentially, protons have a finite range dependent on the initial proton energy. Protons therefore do not deposit dose beyond the tumor, resulting in great conformality, and offers the promise of dose escalation to increase tumor control while minimizing toxicity. In this review, we discuss the rationale for using proton radiotherapy in the treatment of upper abdominal tumors—hepatocellular carcinomas, cholangiocarcinomas and pancreatic cancers. We also review the clinical outcomes and technical challenges of using proton radiotherapy for the treatment of these malignancies. Finally, we discuss the ongoing clinical trials implementing proton radiotherapy for the treatment of primary liver and pancreatic tumors.

Weed Eradication—An Economic Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dane Panetta
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Eradication Program ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
And Control

AbstractThere has been recent interest in determining the upper limits to the feasibility of weed eradication. Although a number of disparate factors determine the success of an eradication program, ultimately eradication feasibility must be viewed in the context of the amount of investment that can be made. The latter should reflect the hazard posed by an invasion, with greater investment justified by greater threats. In simplest terms, the effort (and hence investment) to achieve weed eradication comprises the detection effort required to delimit an invasion plus the search and control effort required to prevent reproduction until extirpation occurs over the entire infested area. The difficulty of estimating the required investment at the commencement of a weed eradication program (as well as during periodic reviews) is a serious problem. Bioeconomics show promise in determining the optimal approach to managing weed invasions, notwithstanding ongoing difficulties in estimating the costs and benefits of eradication and alternative invasion management strategies. A flexible approach to the management of weed invasions is needed, allowing for the adoption of another strategy when it becomes clear that the probability of eradication is low, owing to resourcing or intractable technical issues. Whether the considerable progress that has been achieved towards eradication of the once massive witchweed invasion can be duplicated for other weeds of agricultural systems will depend to a large extent upon investment (> $250 million over 50 yr in this instance). Weeds of natural ecosystems seem destined to remain more difficult eradication targets for a variety of reasons, including higher impedance to eradication, more difficulty in valuing the benefits arising from eradication, and possibly less willingness to pay from society at large.

IMRT With Respiratory Gating Provides Superior Renal and Bowel Sparing in Upper Abdominal Tumors

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. S305-S306
Author(s):  
J. Rossinow ◽  
R. Yaparpalvi ◽  
S. Shah ◽  
A. Kaubisch ◽  
C. Guha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Gating ◽  
Abdominal Tumors ◽  
Upper Abdominal
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