Multi‐Omics Analysis of the Effects of Egg Ovotransferrin on the Gut Environment in Mice: Mucosal Gene Expression, Microbiota Composition, and Intestinal Structural Homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1901024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinjun Zhang ◽  
Wen Tan ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Mei Lu ◽  
Shijian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Omics Analysis ◽  
Structural Homeostasis

scholarly journals A Polyphenol Enriched Variety of Apple Alters Circulating Immune Cell Gene Expression and Faecal Microbiota Composition in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Matthew P. G. Barnett ◽  
Wayne Young ◽  
Kelly Armstrong ◽  
Diane Brewster ◽  
Janine M. Cooney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Relative Abundances

Polyphenols within fruits and vegetables may contribute to health benefits due to their consumption, with the anthocyanin sub-set also adding colour. The Lemonade™ apple variety has green skin and white flesh, with low anthocyanin content, while some apple varieties have high anthocyanin content in both the skin and flesh. Effects of red compared with white-fleshed apples were studied in healthy human subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention trial. Twenty-five healthy subjects consumed dried daily portions of the red-fleshed or placebo (white-fleshed) apple for two weeks, followed by one-week washout and further two-week crossover period. During the study, volunteers provided faecal samples for microbiota composition analysis and blood samples for peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression analysis. Subtle differences were observed in the faecal microbiota of subjects that were fed the different apples, with significant (p < 0.05) reductions in relative abundances of Streptococcus, Ruminococcus, Blautia, and Roseburia, and increased relative abundances of Sutterella, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus in subjects after consuming the red apple. Changes in PBMC gene expression showed 18 mRNA transcripts were differentially expressed between the two groups, of which 16 were immunoglobulin related genes. Pathway analysis showed that these genes had roles in pathways such as immunoglobulin production, B cell-mediated immunity, complement activation, and phagocytosis. In conclusion, this study shows that anthocyanin-rich apples may influence immune function compared to control apples, with changes potentially associated with differences in the faecal microbiota.

scholarly journals Integrative analysis of gut microbiota composition, host colonic gene expression and intraluminal metabolites in aging C57BL/6J mice

Aging ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 930-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benthe van der Lugt ◽  
Fenni Rusli ◽  
Carolien Lute ◽  
Andreas Lamprakis ◽  
Ethel Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Immune Gene Expression Covaries with Gut Microbiome Composition in Stickleback

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Fuess ◽  
Stijn den Haan ◽  
Fei Ling ◽  
Jesse N. Weber ◽  
Natalie C. Steinel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Host Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Host Gene Expression ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Immune Genes

ABSTRACT Commensal microbial communities have immense effects on their vertebrate hosts, contributing to a number of physiological functions, as well as host fitness. In particular, host immunity is strongly linked to microbiota composition through poorly understood bi-directional links. Gene expression may be a potential mediator of these links between microbial communities and host function. However, few studies have investigated connections between microbiota composition and expression of host immune genes in complex systems. Here, we leverage a large study of laboratory-raised fish from the species Gasterosteus aculeatus (three-spined stickleback) to document correlations between gene expression and microbiome composition. First, we examined correlations between microbiome alpha diversity and gene expression. Our results demonstrate robust positive associations between microbial alpha diversity and expression of host immune genes. Next, we examined correlations between host gene expression and abundance of microbial taxa. We identified 15 microbial families that were highly correlated with host gene expression. These families were all tightly correlated with host expression of immune genes and processes, falling into one of three categories—those positively correlated, negatively correlated, and neutrally related to immune processes. Furthermore, we highlight several important immune processes that are commonly associated with the abundance of these taxa, including both macrophage and B cell functions. Further functional characterization of microbial taxa will help disentangle the mechanisms of the correlations described here. In sum, our study supports prevailing hypotheses of intimate links between host immunity and gut microbiome composition. IMPORTANCE Here, we document associations between host gene expression and gut microbiome composition in a nonmammalian vertebrate species. We highlight associations between expression of immune genes and both microbiome diversity and abundance of specific microbial taxa. These findings support other findings from model systems which have suggested that gut microbiome composition and host immunity are intimately linked. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these correlations are truly systemic; the gene expression detailed here was collected from an important fish immune organ (the head kidney) that is anatomically distant from the gut. This emphasizes the systemic impact of connections between gut microbiota and host immune function. Our work is a significant advancement in the understanding of immune-microbiome links in nonmodel, natural systems.

scholarly journals A comprehensive analysis of the microbiota composition and gene expression in colorectal cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Huan Zhao ◽  
Dedong Wu ◽  
Dayong Cao ◽  
Wang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bile Secretion ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Keywords Colorectal Cancer

Abstract Subject: The dysbiosis of gut microbiota is pivotal in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the synergy between an altered gut microbiota composition and differential gene expression of specific genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. Method: The gut microbiota dataset with number SRP158779, which contained 19 CRC samples and 19 normal samples, was downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database. The 16S rRNA gene sequences from this dataset were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs); thereafter, the OTUs that were differentially enriched in CRC were identified and classified, followed by prediction of their functions. Additionally, RNA sequencing data from CRC samples was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA), and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways were identified. Finally, similar pathways that were significantly enriched in both differential OTUs and DEGs were screened. Key genes related to these pathways were executed the prognosis analysis. Results: The presence of Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria increased considerably in CRC samples; conversely, the abundance of Firmicute and Spirochaetes decreased markedly. In particular, the genera Fusobacterium , Catenibacterium , and Shewanella were detectable in tumor samples. Moreover, 246 DEGs were identified between tumor and normal tissues. Both DEGs and microbiota were involved in bile secretion and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Finally, CYP3A4 and ABCG2 expression in CRC was related to the prognostic outcomes of CRC patients. Conclusion: Identifying the complicated interplay between gut microbiota and the DEGs could help in further understanding the pathogenesis of CRC, and these findings would enable better diagnosis and treatment of CRC patients. Keywords: colorectal cancer, gut microflora, gene expression, pathways enrichment, survival analysis

scholarly journals The Interplay between Immunity and Microbiota at Intestinal Immunological Niche: The Case of Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Cianci ◽  
Laura Franza ◽  
Giovanni Schinzari ◽  
Ernesto Rossi ◽  
Gianluca Ianiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Influence Gene Expression

The gut microbiota is central to the pathogenesis of several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. While multiple mechanisms are involved, the immune system clearly plays a special role. Indeed, the breakdown of the physiological balance in gut microbial composition leads to dysbiosis, which is then able to enhance inflammation and to influence gene expression. At the same time, there is an intense cross-talk between the microbiota and the immunological niche in the intestinal mucosa. These interactions may pave the way to the development, growth and spreading of cancer, especially in the gastro-intestinal system. Here, we review the changes in microbiota composition, how they relate to the immunological imbalance, influencing the onset of different types of cancer and the impact of these mechanisms on the efficacy of traditional and upcoming cancer treatments.

scholarly journals Dietary emulsifiers directly alter human microbiota composition and gene expression ex vivo potentiating intestinal inflammation

Gut ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1414-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Chassaing ◽  
Tom Van de Wiele ◽  
Jana De Bodt ◽  
Massimo Marzorati ◽  
Andrew T Gewirtz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Human Microbiota

Effects of egg phosvitin on mucosal transcriptional profiles and luminal microbiota composition in murine colon

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2805-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Qinjun Zhang ◽  
Ruihan Wang ◽  
Mei Lu ◽  
Xueming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Transcriptional Profiles ◽  
Expression Abundance ◽  
Murine Colon

The effects of egg phosvitin on epithelial gene expression, abundance of bacteria in colon and their correlation have been explored.

scholarly journals Enduring neurobehavioral effects induced by microbiota depletion during the adolescent period

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilliard Lach ◽  
Christine Fülling ◽  
Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen ◽  
Fiona Fouhy ◽  
Aoife N. O’ Donovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Neurobehavioral Effects ◽  
Adolescent Period

Abstract The gut microbiota is an essential regulator of many aspects of host physiology. Disruption of gut microbial communities affects gut-brain communication which ultimately can manifest as changes in brain function and behaviour. Transient changes in gut microbial composition can be induced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, however, it is possible that enduring shifts in the microbiota composition can be achieved by perturbation at a timepoint when the gut microbiota has not fully matured or is generally unstable, such as during early life or ageing. In this study, we investigated the effects of 3-week microbiota depletion with antibiotic treatment during the adolescent period and in adulthood. Following a washout period to restore the gut microbiota, behavioural and molecular hallmarks of gut-brain communication were investigated. Our data revealed that transient microbiota depletion had long-lasting effects on microbiota composition and increased anxiety-like behaviour in mice exposed to antibiotic treatment during adolescence but not in adulthood. Similarly, gene expression in the amygdala was more severely affected in mice treated during adolescence. Taken together these data highlight the vulnerability of the gut microbiota during the critical adolescent period and the long-lasting impact manipulations of the microbiota can have on gene expression and behaviour in adulthood.

Saturated fat stimulates obesity and hepatic steatosis and affects gut microbiota composition by an enhanced overflow of dietary fat to the distal intestine

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (5) ◽  
pp. G589-G599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole de Wit ◽  
Muriel Derrien ◽  
Hanneke Bosch-Vermeulen ◽  
Els Oosterink ◽  
Shohreh Keshtkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

We studied the effect of dietary fat type, varying in polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratios (P/S), on development of metabolic syndrome. C57Bl/6J mice were fed purified high-fat diets (45E% fat) containing palm oil (HF-PO; P/S 0.4), olive oil (HF-OO; P/S 1.1), or safflower oil (HF-SO; P/S 7.8) for 8 wk. A low-fat palm oil diet (LF-PO; 10E% fat) was used as a reference. Additionally, we analyzed diet-induced changes in gut microbiota composition and mucosal gene expression. The HF-PO diet induced a higher body weight gain and liver triglyceride content compared with the HF-OO, HF-SO, or LF-PO diet. In the intestine, the HF-PO diet reduced microbial diversity and increased the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Although this fits a typical obesity profile, our data clearly indicate that an overflow of the HF-PO diet to the distal intestine, rather than obesity itself, is the main trigger for these gut microbiota changes. A HF-PO diet-induced elevation of lipid metabolism-related genes in the distal small intestine confirmed the overflow of palm oil to the distal intestine. Some of these lipid metabolism-related genes were previously already associated with the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, our data indicate that saturated fat (HF-PO) has a more stimulatory effect on weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation than unsaturated fat (HF-OO and HF-SO). The overflow of fat to the distal intestine on the HF-PO diet induced changes in gut microbiota composition and mucosal gene expression. We speculate that both are directly or indirectly contributive to the saturated fat-induced development of obesity and hepatic steatosis.

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