scholarly journals Influence of diabetes on plasma pharmacokinetics and brain bioavailability of grape polyphenols and their phase II metabolites in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1700111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Ying Chen ◽  
Mario G. Ferruzzi ◽  
Qing-Li Wu ◽  
James E. Simon ◽  
Stephen T. Talcott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rat ◽  
Grape Polyphenols ◽  
Plasma Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Metabolism of (2S)-Pterosin A: Identification of the Phase I and Phase II Metabolites in Rat Urine

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1566-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Ping Lee ◽  
Feng-Lin Hsu ◽  
Jaw-Jou Kang ◽  
Chien-Kuang Chen ◽  
Shoei-Sheng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Microbial production of phase I and phase II metabolites of midazolam

Xenobiotica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrille Marvalin ◽  
Mireille Denoux ◽  
Serge Pérard ◽  
Sébastien Roy ◽  
Robert Azerad
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Microbial Production ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Phase II pharmaceutical metabolites acetaminophen glucuronide and acetaminophen sulfate in wastewater

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjula Sunkara ◽  
Martha J. M. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agent ◽  
Analytical Protocol ◽  
Acetaminophen Glucuronide ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Environmental context. Excretion of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites by humans and animals, flushing unused pharmaceuticals and inadequate water treatment result in the occurrence of these chemicals as pollutants in wastewater, surface water and drinking water. In this research, the pharmaceutical agent acetaminophen (paracetamol, Tylenol) and its glucuronide and sulfate metabolites were examined as a model system for monitoring wastewater influent and effluent. The true risk to ecosystems and humans from the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in our water supply can only be estimated if accurate concentrations of parent pharmaceutical chemicals as well as their metabolites are measured. Abstract. An analytical method was developed to separately determine acetaminophen and its Phase II metabolites, acetaminophen glucuronide and acetaminophen sulfate, from wastewater in a single extract. The method developed will serve as a model for screening for the presence of other non-steroidal pharmaceutical compounds and their Phase II metabolites in wastewater. Acetaminophen glucuronide was not present in the wastewater influent tested to verify the analytical protocol, whereas concentrations of acetaminophen and acetaminophen sulfate in the influent were reproducible over time. A Phase I metabolite, p-aminophenol, was also determined to occur in the wastewater influent. Concentrations of the analytes-of-interest, detected in effluent samples collected after secondary treatment, but before UV treatment, were highly variable and were undetectable after UV treatment before release to surface water.

Phase II evaluation and plasma pharmacokinetics of high-dose intravenous 6-thioguanine in patients with colorectal carcinoma

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Konits ◽  
Merrill J. Egorin ◽  
David A. Van Echo ◽  
Joseph Aisner ◽  
Paul A. Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Plasma Pharmacokinetics

Effects of Triamterene and Its Phase I and Phase II Metabolites on Sodium Transport of the Isolated Frog Skin

Pharmacology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert J. Kramer ◽  
M. Rörig ◽  
KD. Völger
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Frog Skin ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Validation of a probe for assessing deconjugation of glucuronide and sulfate phase II metabolites assayed through LC–MS/MS in biological matrices

2017 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Grignon ◽  
Antoine Dupuis ◽  
Marion Albouy-Llaty ◽  
Maxime Condylis ◽  
Laurence Barrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Biological Matrices ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites
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