scholarly journals Maternal exposure to a Western-style diet causes differences in intestinal microbiota composition and gene expression of suckling mouse pups

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1600141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma T. Steegenga ◽  
Mona Mischke ◽  
Carolien Lute ◽  
Mark V. Boekschoten ◽  
Agnes Lendvai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Suckling Mouse

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition and arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity: case–control study protocol (MIVAS study)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e038933
Author(s):  
Rita Salvado ◽  
Sandra Santos-Minguez ◽  
Cristina Agudo-Conde ◽  
Cristina Lugones-Sanchez ◽  
Angela Cabo-Laso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionIntestinal microbiota is arising as a new element in the physiopathology of cardiovascular diseases. A healthy microbiota includes a balanced representation of bacteria with health promotion functions (symbiotes). The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between intestinal microbiota composition and arterial stiffness.Methods and analysisAn observational case—control study will be developed. Cases will be defined by the presence of at least one of the following: carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI), brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (ba or ba-PWV) above the 90th percentile, for age and sex, of the reference population. Controls will be selected from the same population as cases. The study will be developed in Primary Healthcare Centres. We will select 500 subjects (250 cases and 250 controls), between 45 and 74 years of age. Cases will be selected from a database that combines data from EVA study (Spain) and Guimarães/Vizela study (Portugal). Measurements: cf-PWV will be measured using the SphygmoCor system, CAVI, ba-PWV and Ankle-Brachial Index will be determined using VaSera device. Gut microbiome composition in faecal samples will be determined by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Lifestyle will be assessed by food frequency questionnaire, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Body composition will be evaluated by bioimpedance.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by ‘Committee of ethics of research with medicines of the health area of Salamanca’ on 14 December 2018 (cod. 2018-11-136) and the ’Ethics committee for health of Guimaraes’ (Portugal) on 15 October 2019 (ref: 67/2019). All study participants will sign an informed consent form agreeing to participate in the study, in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the WHO standards for observational studies. The results of this study will allow a better description of gut microbiota in patients with arterial stiffness.Trial registration detailsClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03900338

scholarly journals A Polyphenol Enriched Variety of Apple Alters Circulating Immune Cell Gene Expression and Faecal Microbiota Composition in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Matthew P. G. Barnett ◽  
Wayne Young ◽  
Kelly Armstrong ◽  
Diane Brewster ◽  
Janine M. Cooney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Relative Abundances

Polyphenols within fruits and vegetables may contribute to health benefits due to their consumption, with the anthocyanin sub-set also adding colour. The Lemonade™ apple variety has green skin and white flesh, with low anthocyanin content, while some apple varieties have high anthocyanin content in both the skin and flesh. Effects of red compared with white-fleshed apples were studied in healthy human subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention trial. Twenty-five healthy subjects consumed dried daily portions of the red-fleshed or placebo (white-fleshed) apple for two weeks, followed by one-week washout and further two-week crossover period. During the study, volunteers provided faecal samples for microbiota composition analysis and blood samples for peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression analysis. Subtle differences were observed in the faecal microbiota of subjects that were fed the different apples, with significant (p < 0.05) reductions in relative abundances of Streptococcus, Ruminococcus, Blautia, and Roseburia, and increased relative abundances of Sutterella, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus in subjects after consuming the red apple. Changes in PBMC gene expression showed 18 mRNA transcripts were differentially expressed between the two groups, of which 16 were immunoglobulin related genes. Pathway analysis showed that these genes had roles in pathways such as immunoglobulin production, B cell-mediated immunity, complement activation, and phagocytosis. In conclusion, this study shows that anthocyanin-rich apples may influence immune function compared to control apples, with changes potentially associated with differences in the faecal microbiota.

scholarly journals Dietary butyrate glycerides modulate intestinal microbiota composition and serum metabolites in broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojian Yang ◽  
Fugui Yin ◽  
Yuhui Yang ◽  
Dion Lepp ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Serum Metabolites

Liver Injury, Endotoxemia, and Their Relationship to Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Alcohol-Preferring Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2313-2325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunella Posteraro ◽  
Francesco Paroni Sterbini ◽  
Valentina Petito ◽  
Stefano Rocca ◽  
Tiziana Cubeddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Integrative analysis of gut microbiota composition, host colonic gene expression and intraluminal metabolites in aging C57BL/6J mice

Aging ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 930-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benthe van der Lugt ◽  
Fenni Rusli ◽  
Carolien Lute ◽  
Andreas Lamprakis ◽  
Ethel Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Immune Gene Expression Covaries with Gut Microbiome Composition in Stickleback

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Fuess ◽  
Stijn den Haan ◽  
Fei Ling ◽  
Jesse N. Weber ◽  
Natalie C. Steinel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Host Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Host Gene Expression ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Immune Genes

ABSTRACT Commensal microbial communities have immense effects on their vertebrate hosts, contributing to a number of physiological functions, as well as host fitness. In particular, host immunity is strongly linked to microbiota composition through poorly understood bi-directional links. Gene expression may be a potential mediator of these links between microbial communities and host function. However, few studies have investigated connections between microbiota composition and expression of host immune genes in complex systems. Here, we leverage a large study of laboratory-raised fish from the species Gasterosteus aculeatus (three-spined stickleback) to document correlations between gene expression and microbiome composition. First, we examined correlations between microbiome alpha diversity and gene expression. Our results demonstrate robust positive associations between microbial alpha diversity and expression of host immune genes. Next, we examined correlations between host gene expression and abundance of microbial taxa. We identified 15 microbial families that were highly correlated with host gene expression. These families were all tightly correlated with host expression of immune genes and processes, falling into one of three categories—those positively correlated, negatively correlated, and neutrally related to immune processes. Furthermore, we highlight several important immune processes that are commonly associated with the abundance of these taxa, including both macrophage and B cell functions. Further functional characterization of microbial taxa will help disentangle the mechanisms of the correlations described here. In sum, our study supports prevailing hypotheses of intimate links between host immunity and gut microbiome composition. IMPORTANCE Here, we document associations between host gene expression and gut microbiome composition in a nonmammalian vertebrate species. We highlight associations between expression of immune genes and both microbiome diversity and abundance of specific microbial taxa. These findings support other findings from model systems which have suggested that gut microbiome composition and host immunity are intimately linked. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these correlations are truly systemic; the gene expression detailed here was collected from an important fish immune organ (the head kidney) that is anatomically distant from the gut. This emphasizes the systemic impact of connections between gut microbiota and host immune function. Our work is a significant advancement in the understanding of immune-microbiome links in nonmodel, natural systems.

scholarly journals Cultivable intestinal microbiota of yellowtail juveniles (Seriola lalandi) in an aquaculture system

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Eduardo Aguilera ◽  
Gabriel Yany ◽  
Jaime Romero
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Seriola Lalandi

The yellowtail (Seriola lalandi) has been farmed for many years and is becoming a promising aquaculture species. Knowledge of the intestinal microbiota of this species is very limited. Thus, the aim of this study is to describe the bacterial populations associated with the intestinal tract of Seriola lalandi reared in Chile. The microbiota composition was analyzed at two growth stages distinguished by weight and parameters such as Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). Juveniles (mean initial weight 7.33 ± 0.30 g) and pre-adults (81.7 ± 19.0 g) were fed with commercial diet for 33 and 50 days, respectively. The first intestinal samples were collected at the end of Trial 1 from specimens weighing approximately 50 g while the second samples were obtained at the end of Trial 2 from specimens weighing approximately 370 g. The microbiota composition was examined using conventional isolation in Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) followed by 16S rRNA sequencing and identification. In total, 16 genera were identified. Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Staphylococcus were the predominant genera in fish at the 50 g stage, whereas Microbacterium and Francisella were the predominant genera in the 370 g stage. The microbiota composition showed different assemblages, depending on host size, with Bacillus and Vibrio being the only genera that were shared. Knowledge of the intestinal microbiota of Seriola lalandi is the first step in the exploration of microbiota management and the development of probiotics, as well as in the identification of the bacterial populations in healthy fish under cultured conditions.

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