scholarly journals Differential regulation of detoxification enzymes in hepatic and mammary tissue by hops (Humulus lupulus ) in vitro and in vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1055-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit M. Dietz ◽  
Ghenet K. Hagos ◽  
Jillian N. Eskra ◽  
Gihani T. Wijewickrama ◽  
Jeffrey R. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Mammary Tissue

Formation and Structure of Casein Micelles in Lactating Mammary Tissue

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Robert J. Carroll ◽  
Marvin P. Thompson ◽  
Harold M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Colloidal System ◽  
Casein Micelles ◽  
The Stability

Milk is an unusually stable colloidal system; the stability of this system is due primarily to the formation of micelles by the major milk proteins, the caseins. Numerous models for the structure of casein micelles have been proposed; these models have been formulated on the basis of in vitro studies. Synthetic casein micelles (i.e., those formed by mixing the purified αsl- and k-caseins with Ca2+ in appropriate ratios) are dissimilar to those from freshly-drawn milks in (i) size distribution, (ii) ratio of Ca/P, and (iii) solvation (g. water/g. protein). Evidently, in vivo organization of the caseins into the micellar form occurs in-a manner which is not identical to the in vitro mode of formation.

scholarly journals Differential regulation of HSP27 oligomerization in tumor cells grown in vitro and in vivo

Oncogene ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (42) ◽  
pp. 4855-4863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Bruey ◽  
Catherine Paul ◽  
Annie Fromentin ◽  
Sophie Hilpert ◽  
André-Patrick Arrigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Differential Regulation

scholarly journals Histone Demethylase KDM6A Controls the Mammary Luminal Lineage through Enzyme-Independent Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (16) ◽  
pp. 2108-2120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hyun Yoo ◽  
Sumin Oh ◽  
Keunsoo Kang ◽  
Chaochen Wang ◽  
Gertraud W. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Mammary Epithelium ◽  
Luminal Cell ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Functionally Impaired ◽  
Luminal Cells

Establishment of the mammary luminal cell lineage is controlled primarily by hormones and through specific transcription factors (TFs). Previous studies have linked histone methyltransferases to the differentiation of mammary epithelium, thus opening the possibility of biological significance of counteracting demethylases. We have now demonstrated an essential role for the H3K27me3 demethylase KDM6A in generating a balanced alveolar compartment. Deletion ofKdm6ain the mammary luminal cell lineage led to a paucity of luminal cells and an excessive expansion of basal cells, bothin vivoandin vitro. The inability to form structurally normal ducts and alveoli during pregnancy resulted in lactation failure. Mutant luminal cells did not exhibit their distinctive transcription factor pattern and displayed basal characteristics. The genomic H3K27me3 landscape was unaltered in mutant tissue, and support for a demethylase-independent mechanism came from mice expressing a catalytically inactive KDM6A. Mammary tissue developed normally in these mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments demonstrated KDM6A binding to putative enhancers enriched for key mammary TFs and H3K27ac. This study demonstrated for the first time that the mammary luminal lineage relies on KDM6A to ensure a transcription program leading to differentiated alveoli. Failure to fully implement this program results in structurally and functionally impaired mammary tissue.

Differential Regulation of the AP-1 Family Members by UV Irradiation In Vitro and In Vivo

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi Isoherranen ◽  
Jukka Westermarck ◽  
Veli-Matti Kähäri ◽  
Christer Jansén ◽  
Kari Punnonen
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Differential Regulation

scholarly journals A Novel Synthetic Precursor of Styryl Sulfone Neuroprotective Agents Inhibits Neuroinflammatory Responses and Oxidative Stress Damage through the P38 Signaling Pathway in the Cell and Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5371
Author(s):  
Ying Guo ◽  
Zhizhong Ma ◽  
Xianling Ning ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Chao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway

A novel class of styryl sulfones were designed and synthesized as CAPE derivatives by our work team, which showed a multi-target neuroprotective effect, including antioxidative and anti-neuroinflammatory properties. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the anti-Parkinson’s disease (PD) activity of 10 novel styryl sulfone compounds was screened by the cell viability test and the NO inhibition test in vitro. It was found that 4d exhibited the highest activity against PD among them. In a MPTP-induced mouse model of PD, the biological activity of 4d was validated through suppressing dopamine neurotoxicity, microglial activation, and astrocytes activation. With compound 4d, we conducted the mechanistic studies about anti-inflammatory responses through inhibition of p38 phosphorylation to protect dopaminergic neurons, and antioxidant effects through promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The results revealed that 4d could significantly inhibit 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPTP/MPP+)-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in both in vitro and in vivo PD models, thus inhibiting the NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation-related apoptosis pathway. Simultaneously, it could promote Nrf2 nuclear transfer, and upregulate the expression of antioxidant phase II detoxification enzymes HO-1 and GCLC, and then reduce oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Effect of 3β, hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid on 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a) anthracene impaired cellular homeostasis in extrahepatic organs of Sprague Dawley rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardeep Kaur ◽  
Rajbir Kaur ◽  
Rohit Arora ◽  
Saroj Arora
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Membrane Bound

3β, hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (Betulinic acid), a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene has diverse pharmacological functions both in vitro and in vivo. The present study focuses its protective effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (7,12- Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene or DMBA) induced alterations in membrane bound ATPases, detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in stomach and lungs of female Sprague Dawley rats. Healthy female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assorted into six groups and the treatments were given orally for 7 weeks on alternate days. It was observed that betulinic acid facilitated the downregulation of elevated membrane bound ATPases (Na+/K+- ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase) in DMBA administered rats. Likewise, the detoxification enzymes as well as antioxidant enzymes were modulated to normalcy in rats. Overall, betulinic acid was seen to be effective modulator of DMBA induced alterations in biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals Differential regulation of cumulus cell transcription during oocyte maturation in vivo and in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Coticchio ◽  
Libby Ophir ◽  
Yuval Yung ◽  
Micha Baum ◽  
Mariabeatrice Dal Canto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Differential Regulation

scholarly journals Essential Oils and Their Constituents as Anticancer Agents: A Mechanistic View

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Gautam ◽  
Anil K. Mantha ◽  
Sunil Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
New Chemical Entities ◽  
Mechanistic View

Exploring natural plant products as an option to find new chemical entities as anticancer agents is one of the fastest growing areas of research. Recently, in the last decade, essential oils (EOs) have been under study for their use in cancer therapy and the present review is an attempt to collect and document the available studies indicating EOs and their constituents as anticancer agents. This review enlists nearly 130 studies of EOs from various plant species and their constituents that have been studied so far for their anticancer potential and these studies have been classified asin vitroandin vivostudies for EOs and their constituents. This review also highlights in-depth various mechanisms of action of different EOs and their constituents reported in the treatment strategies for different types of cancer. The current review indicates that EOs and their constituents act by multiple pathways and mechanisms involving apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic, increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), DNA repair modulation, and others to demonstrate their antiproliferative activity in the cancer cell. The effect of EOs and their constituents on tumour suppressor proteins (p53 and Akt), transcription factors (NF-κB and AP-1), MAPK-pathway, and detoxification enzymes like SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase has also been discussed.

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