New class of three‐dimensional close‐to‐cyclic systems of difference equations solvable in closed form

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Stević
Keyword(s):  
Closed Form ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Class ◽  
Solvable In Closed Form ◽  
Cyclic Systems

scholarly journals Note on constructing a family of solvable sine-type difference equations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed El-Sayed Ahmed ◽  
Bratislav Iričanin ◽  
Witold Kosmala ◽  
Stevo Stević ◽  
Zdeněk Šmarda
Keyword(s):  
General Solution ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
First Order ◽  
Solvable In Closed Form

AbstractWe obtain a family of first order sine-type difference equations solvable in closed form in a constructive way, and we present a general solution to each of the equations.

A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Morimoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Takumu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Kuroda ◽  
Kouhei Tsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomolecular Recognition ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proteolytic Resistance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<div> <div> <div> <p>“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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