Herald Your Reserve Fund

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Keyword(s):  
Reserve Fund

scholarly journals Aligning the social, environmental, and economic interests of “green growth” of the Ukrainian nature reserve fund objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Natalya Andryeyeva ◽  
Nina Khumarova ◽  
Tatiana Nikolaychuk
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Strategic Monitoring ◽  
Reserve Fund ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Institutional Traps

The article is devoted to the issues of forming the institutional basis for “green growth” of the Ukrainian Nature Reserve Fund territories in the context of aligning the society’s social, environmental, and economic interests. The methodological approaches to forming the institutional basis for “green growth” of the Ukrainian Nature Reserve Fund territories in conditions of the need to transform the approaches regarding the interaction with small and medium-sized businesses were developed. The main focus is on the issues of studying the existing institutional risks, institutional “traps,” and ensuring the stakeholders’ functional interaction. The proposed scheme for managing and planning the spatial development of the Nature Reserve Fund territories is based on business planning, “micro-K modeling” method, strategic monitoring method. Based on the complex combination of ecosystemic and polyfunctional approaches, the typology of Nature Reserve Fund territories management functions and “green growth” indicators system was defined. The institutional framework was formed, which enables to ensure aligning the society’s social, environmental, and economic interests.

Significance Analysis on the Affecting Factors of Basic Reserve Fund in Power Engineering Based on FAT

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 2333-2338
Author(s):  
Xue Liang Hou ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Ying Rong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Significance Analysis ◽  
Reserve Fund

Basic reserve fund is a part of the power engineering total cost. Reducing its quantity can obviously increase the utilization efficiency of engineering cost. But how can reduce the quantity of basic reserve fund, we can start from its affecting factors. To this, for the affecting factors of basic reserve fund, this paper constructed the significance analysis model about affecting factors based on its actual application situation and Fault Tree Analysis (FAT). Finally, we got the degree and prior about affecting factors of basic reserve fund. Thereby the empirical research result provided a theory reference value which can control the quantity of basic reserve fund in the engineering practice.

Monetary Expert on Monnet’s Action Committee for the United States of Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-176
Author(s):  
Ivo Maes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Monetary Integration ◽  
European Monetary ◽  
European Currency ◽  
Action Committee ◽  
Parallel Currency ◽  
Reserve Fund ◽  
European Currency Unit

Robert Triffin played a key role in the debates on European monetary integration, especially as the monetary expert of Monnet’s Action Committee for the United States of Europe. He developed proposals for European monetary cooperation, especially a European Reserve Fund and a European currency unit, inspired by his experience of the European Payments Union. In his view, a European Reserve Fund could be constituted by pooling 10% to 20% of the international reserves of the member states’ central banks. A key moment was the 1969 Hague summit when Triffin, via Jean Monnet, provided the German chancellor Willy Brandt with a plan for European monetary integration. Moreover, through his activities and connections in the world of commercial banking and finance, Triffin also actively promoted the European currency unit as a parallel currency in financial transactions and markets.

Pensions at the Time of Recession. The Case of Lithuania

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodoras Medaiskis
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reserve Fund ◽  
The Government ◽  
Deep Recession

In 2009, Lithuania suffered very deep recession. The fall in GDP by 15 %, high unemployment, and decreased population earnings all affected the pensions system. Before the recession struck, social insurance expenditures had increased considerably and the reserve fund had been exhausted. The recession resulted in the decreased income of the social insurance system and state. While in 2009, the government attempted to maintain the level of pensions, by 2010, it was forced to cut benefits. This shocking decision raised awareness about some theoretical problems concerning the nature of pensions. Is the social insurance payg pension the property of the retiree, or it is only a part of the working generation income shared via the social insurance system with the retired generation? How should the protection against poverty and income replacement components be combined in the pension system and how should they be financed? How should the payg and funded components be united and what are the roles of the private sector and the government? In this article, Lithuania’s attempts to cope with the recession’s consequences and to respond to these newly posed questions are presented.

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