An Extended Transaction Cost Model of Decision Rights Allocation in Franchising: The Moderating Role of Trust

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 170-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Mumdziev ◽  
Josef Windsperger
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Decision Rights ◽  
Moderating Role

The Role of Dependence Balancing in Safeguarding Transaction-Specific Assets in Conventional Channels

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan B. Heide ◽  
George John
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Specific Investments ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

The authors develop a theoretical extension to the basic transaction cost model by combining insights from dependence theory with the TCA approach. They introduce offsetting investments as a means of safeguarding the specific assets of small firms in conventional channels. The traditional TCA safeguards are insufficient here, because vertical integration is not feasible for the small firm at risk and long-term contractual protection is not present in conventional channels. Data from 199 manufacturers' agencies support the theoretical predictions. Agencies with more specific assets invested in their relationship with a principal attempted to bond themselves more closely to their accounts to safeguard those assets. Such bonding efforts resulted in a lower level of dependence on the principal because the agencies were better able to replace the principal if necessary. Also, their financial performance was improved when dependence was reduced, provided levels of specific investments were relatively high.

Testing the Strain Theory of Suicide – The Moderating Role of Social Support

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Lew ◽  
Ksenia Chistopolskaya ◽  
Yanzheng Liu ◽  
Mansor Abu Talib ◽  
Olga Mitina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Strains ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract. Background: According to the strain theory of suicide, strains, resulting from conflicting and competing pressures in an individual's life, are hypothesized to precede suicide. But social support is an important factor that can mitigate strains and lessen their input in suicidal behavior. Aims: This study was designed to assess the moderating role of social support in the relation between strain and suicidality. Methods: A sample of 1,051 employees were recruited in Beijing, the capital of China, through an online survey. Moderation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro. Social support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and strains were assessed with the Psychological Strains Scale. Results: Psychological strains are a good predictor of suicidality, and social support, a basic need for each human being, moderates and decreases the effects of psychological strains on suicidality. Limitations: The cross-sectional survey limited the extent to which conclusions about causal relationships can be drawn. Furthermore, the results may not be generalized to the whole of China because of its diversity. Conclusion: Social support has a tendency to mitigate the effects of psychological strains on suicidality.

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