scholarly journals Kelp Forest Zooplankton, Forage Fishes, and Juvenile Salmonids of the Northeast Pacific Nearshore

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
J. Anne Shaffer ◽  
Stuart H. Munsch ◽  
Jeffery R. Cordell
Keyword(s):  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Forage Fishes ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Juvenile Salmonids

scholarly journals Uneven protection of persistent giant kelp forest in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Arafeh-Dalmau ◽  
Kyle Cavanaugh ◽  
Hugh Possingham ◽  
Adrian Munguia-Vega ◽  
Gabriela Montano-Moctezuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Habitat Dynamics ◽  
Climate Adaption ◽  
Northeast Pacific Ocean

In most regions, the distribution of marine forests and the efficacy of their protection is unknown. We mapped the persistence of giant kelp forests across ten degrees of latitude in the Northeast Pacific Ocean and found that 7.7% of giant kelp is fully protected, with decreasing percentages from north to south. Sustainability goals should prioritize kelp mapping and monitoring, while protection and climate adaption targets should account for habitat dynamics.

Neustonic feeding by juvenile salmonids in coastal waters of the Northeast Pacific

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1995-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Larval Fishes ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Juvenile Salmonids ◽  
Terrestrial Origin ◽  
June July ◽  
Decapod Larvae

The near-surface macrozooplankton fauna off the Washington and Oregon coasts is described from a series of quantitative neuston hauls collected during June, July, and September 1984. Euphausiids, decapod larvae, hyperiid amphipods, and larval fishes were the dominant marine taxa represented. Insects of terrestrial origin were very common and occurred in high abundances, especially during the July and September cruises off Oregon, and their occurrence was coincident with unusual wind patterns. The neuston catches were quantitatively compared with the diets of juvenile coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon collected at the same stations and within the same cruises. There was an overall resemblance between the taxa in the neuston and stomachs of these salmon juveniles, although the larger organisms appeared to be consumed preferentially. Predominantly neustonic taxa also occurred in the diets of other juvenile salmonids and adult coho salmon collected concurrently, but these other predators did not appear to utilize neustonic prey to the same extent as coho and chinook juveniles.

Mechanisms leading to recruitment inhibition of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera by an understory alga

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
BA Beckley ◽  
MS Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Survival And Growth

The forest-forming giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera and the communities it supports have been decreasing across their native ranges in many parts of the world. The sudden removal of giant kelp canopies by storms increases space and light for the colonization by understory macroalgae, such as Desmarestia herbacea, which can inhibit M. pyrifera recovery and alter local community composition. Understanding the mechanisms by which algae such as D. herbacea interact with M. pyrifera can provide insight into patterns of kelp forest recovery following these disturbances and can aid in predicting future community structure. This study experimentally tested the independent and combined effects of two likely competitive mechanisms by which D. herbacea might inhibit recovery of M. pyrifera in the Point Loma kelp forest in San Diego, California (USA). Specifically, we conducted field experiments to study the individual and combined effects of shade and scour by D. herbacea on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages, and the recruitment, survival, and growth of its young sporophytes. Our results show that scour had the strongest negative effect on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages and recruitment, but shade and scour both adversely affected survival and growth of these sporophytes as they grew larger. Canopy-removing storms are increasing in frequency and intensity, and this change could facilitate the rise of understory species, like D. herbacea, which might alter community succession and recovery of kelp forests.

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