scholarly journals Large‐scale distribution of bacterial communities in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xing ◽  
Qing‐bo Gao ◽  
Fa‐qi Zhang ◽  
Jiu‐li Wang ◽  
Shi‐long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Chronology for terraces of the Nalinggele River in the north Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and implications for salt lake resource formation in the Qaidam Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
QiuFang Chang ◽  
ZhongPing Lai ◽  
FuYuan An ◽  
HaiLei Wang ◽  
YanBin Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
The North ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

scholarly journals Miocene Diversification and High-Altitude Adaptation of Parnassius Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Revealed by Large-Scale Transcriptomic Data

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Chengyong Su ◽  
Tingting Xie ◽  
Yunliang Wang ◽  
Chengcai Si ◽  
Luyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Time Calibration ◽  
Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The early evolutionary pattern and molecular adaptation mechanism of alpine Parnassius butterflies to high altitudes in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are poorly understood up to now, due to difficulties in sampling, limited sequence data, and time calibration issues. Here, we present large-scale transcriptomic datasets of eight representative Parnassius species to reveal the phylogenetic timescale and potential genetic basis for high-altitude adaptation with multiple analytic strategies using 476 orthologous genes. Our phylogenetic results strongly supported that the subgenus Parnassius formed a well-resolved basal clade, and the subgenera Tadumia and Kailasius were closely related in the phylogenetic trees. In addition, molecular dating analyses showed that the Parnassius began to diverge at about 13.0 to 14.3 million years ago (middle Miocene), correlated with their hostplant’s spatiotemporal distributions, as well as geological and palaeoenvironmental changes of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Moreover, the accelerated evolutionary rate, candidate positively selected genes and their potentially functional changes were detected, probably contributed to the high-altitude adaptation of Parnassius species. Overall, our study provided some new insights into the spatiotemporally evolutionary pattern and high altitude adaptation of Parnassius butterflies from the extrinsic and intrinsic view, which will help to address evolution, biodiversity, and conservation questions concerning Parnassius and other butterfly species.

Geothermal regime in the Qaidam basin, northeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
QIU NANSHENG
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The thermal properties of rocks in the upper crust of the Qaidam basin are given based on measurements of 98 thermal conductivities and 50 heat production values. Nineteen new measured heat flow data were obtained from thermal conductivity data and systematic steady-state temperature data. This paper contributes 28 calculated heat flow values for the basin for the first time. Examination of 47 heat flow values, ranging from 31.3 to 70.4 mW/m2 with an average value of 52.6±9.6 mW/m2, gives the heat flow distribution character of the basin: high heat flows over 60 mW/m2 are distributed in the western and central parts of the basin. Lower heat flow values are found in the eastern part and north marginal area of the basin, with values less 40 mW/m2. The Qaidam basin heatflow data show a linear relationship between heatflow and heat production, based on thermal structure analysis. The thermal structure of the lithosphere is characterized as having a ‘hot crust’ but ‘cold mantle’. Heat production in the upper crust is a significant source of heat in the basin and contributes up to 56.8% of the surface heat flow. The heat flow province is of great geophysical significance, and the thermal structure of the area gives clues about the regional geodynamics. Study of the Qaidam basin thermal structure shows that the crust has been highly active, particularly during its most recent geological evolution. This corresponds to Himalayan tectonic movements during latest Eocene to Quaternary times in the region of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Since the Qaidam basin is in the northeastern area of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, the heat flow values and the thermal structure of the basin may give some insight into the thermal state of the plateau, and study of thermal regime of the Qaidam basin could in turn provide useful information about the tectonics of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

Changes in vegetation composition and plant diversity with rangeland degradation in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Tang ◽  
Shikui Dong ◽  
Ruth Sherman ◽  
Shiliang Liu ◽  
Quanru Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Rangeland Degradation ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The changes in vegetation composition and plant diversity of three different alpine ecosystems: alpine meadow, alpine steppe and alpine desert, impacted by different levels of degradation (healthy, lightly degraded and moderately degraded) were examined across a large-scale transect on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The alpine meadow was dominated by sedges, the alpine steppe was dominated by grasses and the alpine desert was dominated by shrubs. The alpine meadow had the highest species diversity, whereas the alpine steppe had the lowest and tended to be dominated by a few species. Forbs were the dominant and most diverse functional group in the alpine meadow and the alpine steppe, which was different from the alpine desert. The importance values of the dominant species and levels of diversity measured by various vegetation indices were only slightly different in the degraded sites as compared with the non-degraded alpine meadow and steppe, whereas the alpine desert showed large changes in the composition and diversity of the plant community in response to degradation. In conclusion, the plant composition of the alpine meadow and alpine steppe ecosystems was more stable and appeared more resistant to disturbance than that of the alpine desert ecosystem.

Environmental filtering affects fungal communities more than dispersal limitation in a high-elevation hyperarid basin on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xing ◽  
Qing-bo Gao ◽  
Fa-qi Zhang ◽  
Jiu-li Wang ◽  
Shi-long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

Abstract The Qaidam Basin is the most extensive (120,000 km2) basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plataea (QTP). Recent studies have shown that environmental selection and dispersal limitation influence the soil fungal community significantly in a large-scale distance. However, less is known about large-scale soil fungal community assemblages and its response to the elevation gradient in the high-elevation basin ecosystems. We studied fungal assemblages using Illumina sequencing of the ITS1 region from 35 sites of the Qaidam Basin. As the increase of elevation, fungal species richness and Chao1 index also increased. The Ascomycota was the most abundant phylum (more than 70% of total sequences), and six of the ten most abundance fungal family was detected in all 35 soil samples. The key factors influencing the soil fungal community composition in the Qaidam Basin were environmental filtering (soil properties and climate factors). The Mantel test showed no significant relationship between geographic distance and community similarity (r = 0.05 p = 0.81). The absence of the distance effect might be caused by lacking dispersal limitation for the soil fungal community.

scholarly journals Temporal Variations in the Quantity of Groundwater Flow in Nam Co Lake

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Du ◽  
Zhide Huang ◽  
Mowen Xie ◽  
Asim Farooq ◽  
Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nam Co ◽  
Lake Water Level ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Nam Co Lake

This paper aims to calculate and analyze the spatial and temporal variations in the groundwater flow quantity in Nam Co Lake based on the water balance principle. The results show that a large amount of groundwater was gradually lost and that, groundwater loss decreased from 1.9 billion m3 to 1.5 billion m3 from the period of 1980–1984 to 1995–2009. The comparative analysis in the current study indicates that the decrease in the groundwater index has a strong linear relationship with the temperature of the ground surface on the Tibetan Plateau, with a correlation coefficient as high as 0.92. Moreover, environmental variations such as large-scale engineering construction projects and increases in water storage may have played dominant roles in the sudden changes in the water quantities of plateau lakes (e.g., Nam Co Lake) during the periods of 1990–1995 and 2000–2009. The increased water levels resulted in reduced groundwater losses, which may lead to the substantial expansion or gradual shrinkage of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau lakes over short periods of time. The results of this study provide an important reference for studying the mechanisms of lake water level changes on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

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