The Past 40 Years of Macromolecular Sciences: Reflections on Challenges in Synthetic Polymer and Material Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1800610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang H. Binder
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
The Past

scholarly journals Proteins and Peptides as Important Modifiers of the Polymer Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications—A Review

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Klimek ◽  
Grazyna Ginalska
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

Polymer scaffolds constitute a very interesting strategy for tissue engineering. Even though they are generally non-toxic, in some cases, they may not provide suitable support for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, which decelerates tissue regeneration. To improve biological properties, scaffolds are frequently enriched with bioactive molecules, inter alia extracellular matrix proteins, adhesive peptides, growth factors, hormones, and cytokines. Although there are many papers describing synthesis and properties of polymer scaffolds enriched with proteins or peptides, few reviews comprehensively summarize these bioactive molecules. Thus, this review presents the current knowledge about the most important proteins and peptides used for modification of polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering. This paper also describes the influence of addition of proteins and peptides on physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of polymer scaffolds. Moreover, this article sums up the major applications of some biodegradable natural and synthetic polymer scaffolds modified with proteins and peptides, which have been developed within the past five years.

scholarly journals Wearable Actuators: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yiduo Yang ◽  
Mengjiao Li ◽  
Erdong Chen ◽  
Weilei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers

The booming wearable market and recent advances in material science has led to the rapid development of the various wearable sensors, actuators, and devices that can be worn, embedded in fabric or accessories, or tattoos directly onto the skin. Wearable actuators, a subcategory of wearable technology, have attracted enormous interest from researchers in various disciplines and many wearable actuators and devices have been developed in the past few decades to assist and improve people's everyday lives. In this paper, we review the actuation mechanisms, structures, applications, and limitations of recently developed wearable actuators including pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, shape memory alloys and polymers, thermal and hygroscopic materials, dielectric elastomers, ionic and conducting polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electromagnetic actuators, liquid crystal elastomers, etc. Examples of the recent applications such as wearable soft robots, haptic devices, and personal thermal regulation textiles are highlighted. Finally, we point out the current bottleneck and suggest the prospective future research directions for wearable actuators.

scholarly journals Bait-ul-Hikmat: An Institution of Literary Development Under Abbasids (751-1258AD)

AL-HIDAYAH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmooda Irfan Wyne
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Space Science ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Society ◽  
Made In ◽  
Learning And Instruction

A recorded review subsequently gathers encounters of the past and passes them onto decide the course of our future activity. The instruction arrangement of the Muslims,throughout the hundreds of years delivered those thinkers, researchers, legal scholars, themen of letters and specialists in each field of information, who had made inconceivablecommitments to workmanship, writing, verse, logic, medication, space science, geology,material science, speculative chemistry, mineralogy, legislative issues, and so on. These richMuslims have commitments which made in the different branches of science filled in as areason for the improvement of the present day science. None of these accomplishmentswould have been conceivable however for that dedication to learning and instruction whichhas described those individuals all through the history. The proposed research through thedeductive approach is an attempt to investigate the training arrangement of the Muslims, itsideological bases esteems and qualities which affects the knowledge of the world positively.At the House of Wisdom, Important ideas from around the world came together and wouldbe discussed threadbare. The period of Abbasid caliphs was the age of the highest evolutionand greatest development of the Islamic society, knowledge and culture. It was the phase ofmodernization and scientific development in the history of Muslim world.

Stimuli Responsive Nanoparticles for Controlled Anti-cancer Drug Release

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 1837-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Tang ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Lilong Gao ◽  
Hailin Cong ◽  
Na Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Stimuli Response ◽  
Therapeutic Responses

Conventional drugs used for cancer chemotherapy have severe toxic side effects and show individually varied therapeutic responses. The convergence of nanotechnology, biology, material science and pharmacy offers a perspective strategy for cancer chemotherapy. Nanoparticles loaded with anti-cancer drug have been designed to overcome the limitations associated with conventional drugs, several nanomedicines have been approved by FDA and shown good performances in clinical practice. However, the therapeutic efficacies cannot be enhanced. Taking this into account, stimuli responsive nanoparticles present the ability to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. In this review, we systematically summarized the recent progresses of controlled anti-cancer drug release systems based on nanoparticles with different stimuli response including pH, temperature, light, redox and others. If the achievements of the past can be extrapolated into the future, it is highly likely that responsive nanoparticles with a wide array of desirable properties can be eventually developed for safe and efficient cancer therapy.

The Synthesis of Amides through Direct Amination of Aldehydes with Amines

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 901-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaorui Ma ◽  
Junfei Luo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Direct Amination ◽  
Amide Bonds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Amide Synthesis ◽  
The Future

Amide bonds are amongst the most fundamental groups in organic synthesis, and they are widely found in natural products, pharmaceuticals and material science. Over the past decade, methods for the direct amination of aldehydes have received much attention as they represent atom- and step-economic routes for amide synthesis from readily available starting materials. Herein, the research advances on the direct amination of aldehydes are reviewed and categorized by the types of catalyst system. Detailed reaction scopes and mechanisms will be discussed, as well as the limitations of current procedures and the prospects for the future.

Regenerative engineering: a review of recent advances and future directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caldon J Esdaille ◽  
Kenyatta S Washington ◽  
Cato T Laurencin
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advanced Material ◽  
Regenerative Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Information ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Stem Cell Science

Regenerative engineering is defined as the convergence of the disciplines of advanced material science, stem cell science, physics, developmental biology and clinical translation for the regeneration of complex tissues and organ systems. It is an expansion of tissue engineering, which was first developed as a method of repair and restoration of human tissue. In the past three decades, advances in regenerative engineering have made it possible to treat a variety of clinical challenges by utilizing cutting-edge technology currently available to harness the body’s healing and regenerative abilities. The emergence of new information in developmental biology, stem cell science, advanced material science and nanotechnology have provided promising concepts and approaches to regenerate complex tissues and structures.

scholarly journals Wearable Actuators: An Overview

Textiles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-321
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yiduo Yang ◽  
Mengjiao Li ◽  
Erdong Chen ◽  
Weilei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers

The booming wearable market and recent advances in material science has led to the rapid development of the various wearable sensors, actuators, and devices that can be worn, embedded in fabric, accessorized, or tattooed directly onto the skin. Wearable actuators, a subcategory of wearable technology, have attracted enormous interest from researchers in various disciplines and many wearable actuators and devices have been developed in the past few decades to assist and improve people’s everyday lives. In this paper, we review the actuation mechanisms, structures, applications, and limitations of recently developed wearable actuators including pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, shape memory alloys and polymers, thermal and hygroscopic materials, dielectric elastomers, ionic and conducting polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electromagnetic actuators, liquid crystal elastomers, etc. Examples of recent applications such as wearable soft robots, haptic devices, and personal thermal regulation textiles are highlighted. Finally, we point out the current bottleneck and suggest the prospective future research directions for wearable actuators.

scholarly journals Natural bio-based monomers for biomedical applications: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallinath S. Birajdar ◽  
Haejin Joo ◽  
Won-Gun Koh ◽  
Hansoo Park
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
New Products ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
The Past ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Suitable Potential

Abstract In recent years, synthetic and semi-synthetic polymer materials have been widely used in various applications. Especially concerning biomedical applications, their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity have increased the interest of researchers to discover and develop new products for the well-being of humanity. Among the synthetic and semi-synthetic materials, the use of natural bio-based monomeric materials presents a possible novel avenue for the development of new biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic products. The purpose of this article is to review the information on the role of natural bio-based monomers in biomedical applications. Increased eco-friendliness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and intrinsic biological activity are some of the attributes which make itaconic, succinic, citric, hyaluronic, and glutamic acids suitable potential materials for biomedical applications. Herein, we summarize the most recent advances in the field over the past ten years and specifically highlight new and interesting discoveries in biomedical applications. Graphical abstract Natural origin acid-based bio-monomers for biomedical applications

Green synthesis of nanoparticles: current prospectus

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejaswi Thunugunta ◽  
Anand C. Reddy ◽  
Lakshmana Reddy D.C.
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods

AbstractIn the past few years, nanoparticles have been applied in various fields of science and technology, ranging from material science to biotechnology. Thus, the synthesis of nanoparticles can be considered as a dynamic area in research and application of nanoparticles. The different methods of nanoparticle synthesis include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Of these methods, the biological synthesis is to be comparatively widely used due to its advantages of being low cost, nontoxic and environmental friendly. Bio-applications of nanoparticles have pawed way for green synthesis of nanoparticles. In this review, we have provided brief information on various biological agents used for the synthesis of nanoparticles.

The Characteristics of Orthogonal Wavelet Frames and Canonical Frames and Applications in Material Science

2013 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 741-744
Author(s):  
Yong Fan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Scaling Functions ◽  
Wavelet Frame ◽  
Wavelet Frames ◽  
Orthogonal Wavelet ◽  
The Past ◽  
Single Function ◽  
Dual Wavelet Frames ◽  
Popular Subject ◽  
Dual Wavelet

Wavelet analysis has become a popular subject in scientific research during the past twenty years. We show that there exist wavelet frame generated by two functions which have good dual wavelet frames, but for which the canonical dual wavelet frame does not consist of wavelets, according to scaling functions. That is to say, the canonical dual wavelet frame cannot be generated by the translations and dilations of a single function. Traits of tight wavelet frames are presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document