scholarly journals Hand movement speed in advertising elicits gender stereotypes and consumer responses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Malik ◽  
Eda Sayin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Consumer Responses

scholarly journals Distinct mechanisms explain the control of reach speed planning: evidence from a race model framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1293-1306
Author(s):  
Prasanna Venkhatesh Venkataratamani ◽  
Aditya Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Hand Movement ◽  
Race Model ◽  
Movement Planning ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Target Color ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Speed Change

Previous studies have investigated the computational architecture underlying the voluntary control of reach movements that demands a change in position or direction of movement planning. Here we used a novel task in which subjects had to either increase or decrease the movement speed according to a change in target color that occurred randomly during a trial. The applicability of different race models to such a speed redirect task was assessed. We found that the predictions of an independent race model that instantiated an abort-and-replan strategy was consistent with all aspects of performance in the fast-to-slow speed condition. The results from modeling indicated a peculiar asymmetry, in that although the fast-to-slow speed change required inhibition, none of the standard race models was able to explain how movements changed from slow to fast speeds. Interestingly, a weighted averaging model that simulated the gradual merging of two kinematic plans explained behavior in the slow-to-fast speed task. In summary, our work shows how a race model framework can provide an understanding of how the brain controls different aspects of reach movement planning and help distinguish between an abort-and-replan strategy and merging of plans. NEW & NOTEWORTHY For the first time, a race model framework was used to understand how reach speeds are modified. We provide evidence that a fast-to-slow speed change required aborting the current plan and a complete respecification of a new plan, while none of the race models was able to explain an instructed increase of hand movement speed, which was instead accomplished by a merging of a new kinematic plan with the existing kinematic plan.

scholarly journals Remote Evaluation of Parkinson's Disease Using a Conventional Webcam and Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana H. G. Monje ◽  
Sergio Domínguez ◽  
Javier Vera-Olmos ◽  
Angelo Antonini ◽  
Tiago A. Mestre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Video Frames ◽  
Disease Rating

Objective: This study aimed to prove the concept of a new optical video-based system to measure Parkinson's disease (PD) remotely using an accessible standard webcam.Methods: We consecutively enrolled a cohort of 42 patients with PD and healthy subjects (HSs). The participants were recorded performing MDS-UPDRS III bradykinesia upper limb tasks with a computer webcam. The video frames were processed using the artificial intelligence algorithms tracking the movements of the hands. The video extracted features were correlated with clinical rating using the Movement Disorder Society revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and inertial measurement units (IMUs). The developed classifiers were validated on an independent dataset.Results: We found significant differences in the motor performance of the patients with PD and HSs in all the bradykinesia upper limb motor tasks. The best performing classifiers were unilateral finger tapping and hand movement speed. The model correlated both with the IMUs for quantitative assessment of motor function and the clinical scales, hence demonstrating concurrent validity with the existing methods.Conclusions: We present here the proof-of-concept of a novel webcam-based technology to remotely detect the parkinsonian features using artificial intelligence. This method has preliminarily achieved a very high diagnostic accuracy and could be easily expanded to other disease manifestations to support PD management.

scholarly journals Prediction of Hand Movement Speed and Force from Single-trial EEG with Convolutional Neural Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Gatti ◽  
Yanina Atum ◽  
Luciano Schiaffino ◽  
Mads Jochumsen ◽  
José Biurrun Manresa
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

AbstractBuilding accurate movement decoding models from brain signals is crucial for many biomedical applications. Decoding specific movement features, such as speed and force, may provide additional useful information at the expense of increasing the complexity of the decoding problem. Recent attempts to predict movement speed and force from the electroencephalogram (EEG) achieved classification accuracy levels not better than chance, stressing the demand for more accurate prediction strategies. Thus, the aim of this study was to improve the prediction accuracy of hand movement speed and force from single-trial EEG signals recorded from healthy volunteers. A strategy based on convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) was tested, since it has previously shown good performance in the classification of EEG signals. ConvNets achieved an overall accuracy of 84% in the classification of two different levels of speed and force (4-class classification) from single-trial EEG. These results represent a substantial improvement over previously reported results, suggesting that hand movement speed and force can be accurately predicted from single-trial EEG.

Use of Mobile EEG in Decoding Hand Movement Speed and Position

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Neethu Robinson ◽  
Wei Jie Chester ◽  
Smitha KG
Keyword(s):  
Hand Movement ◽  
Movement Speed

scholarly journals The Motor Development and Motor Skill Levels of 6-Year-Old Children from the Lublin Voivodeship

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Cieśla
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction. The objective of the research was to assess the level of physical development and motor skills of six-yearold children from the Lublin voivodeship against the Polish population. Material and methods. The study included 2144 children, 997 girls and 1134 boys. To assess the level of physical fitness, selected, exercises from the EUROFIT test were used. In addition, children's ability to demonstrate simple motor skills during physical play and games was also assessed. The assessment involved: throwing a bag with the right hand, throwing a ball with both hands, gripping a bag with the right hand, kicking a ball with the right foot, jumping on the right leg and jumping with both feet. In addition, coordination during the exercises was evaluated. For measurement purposes, a four-point scale was used. The reference point was children from a nationwide sample. The results were statistically analyzed using the Student T-test and the nonparametric chi-square test. Results. Children from the Lublin region differ significantly in their level of physical fitness from children of the same age throughout Poland (p≤0.001). They achieved significantly lower results in tests assessing the strength of their arms, abdominal muscles and, the explosive strength of their lower limbs and in two tests evaluating speed (running speed: p≤0.001, hand movement speed: p≤0.001). Only in the test of their sense of balance, did both sexes, obtain significantly better results (p≤0.001). In addition, in the opinion of physical education teachers, children in the Lublin region exhibited significantly lower levels of skill when performing motor tasks. Conclusions. The results suggest that the motor potential of preschool children is being neglected, which seems to be indirectly caused by different factors in the external environment.

scholarly journals High-Cadence Cycling Promotes Sustained Improvement in Bradykinesia, Rigidity, and Mobility in Individuals with Mild-Moderate Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L. Ridgel ◽  
Dana L. Ault
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Type Frequency ◽  
High Cadence

Introduction. Exercise has been shown to be an important adjunct therapy to medication in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the optimal type, frequency, and intensity of exercise or physiotherapy are still being debated. An important part of understanding the optimal frequency is to examine how acute bouts of exercise affect motor function and mobility in this population. The purpose of this study is to assess if six bouts of high-cadence cycling improves motor function and mobility in individuals with PD. Methods. Sixteen subjects with mild-moderate idiopathic PD were randomized into either a high-cadence cycling or a control (stretching) group. High-cadence cycling was completed on a custom motorized recumbent bicycle at a high cadence between 75 and 85 rpm. Cycling and stretching sessions were separated by 1 day of rest and took place over a 15-day period. Motor function and mobility were assessed after every cycling/stretching bout using the UPDRS Motor III scale, Kinesia ONE, and Timed up and Go (TUG). Results. Six bouts of high-cadence cycling improved UPDRS scores (2.5 pts, P=0.002), hand movement amplitude (P=0.013), rapid alternating hand movement speed (P=0.003), gait (P=0.012), and TUG time (1.17 s, P=0.002) from baseline testing to end of treatment. The control group showed no improvements. Conclusions. These findings suggest that they are both acute and sustained improvements in motor function and mobility after high-cadence cycling. Future research should examine how exercise type, frequency, and intensity can be optimized for each individual.

Slow-Down Exercise for the Treatment of Focal Hand Dystonia in Pianists

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Naotaka Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Hand Movement ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Musical Piece ◽  
Focal Hand Dystonia ◽  
Disability Scale ◽  
Hand Dystonia

Twenty professional pianists (10 males, 10 females; average age, 30.0 yrs) with focal hand dystonia were treated through slow-down exercise (SDE) therapy with successful results. SDE consisted of 5 steps: (1) The patients chose the musical piece which causes a dystonic hand movement. (2) Patients reduced the performance speed until the dystonic hand movement disappeared, and they recorded the slowed speed with a metronome. (3) At the slowed rate, patients repeatedly rehearsed the musical piece for 0.5 hr/day for 2 weeks. Other than the SDE, they were allowed to practice playing the piano freely. (4) After 2 weeks, patients attempted to increase their speed from 10% to 20%. If symptoms did not appear under the increased movement speed, patients proceeded to increase the speed of practice for an additional 2 weeks. If the dystonic motion appeared under the increased speed, patients returned to the slower speed of movement. (5) After 2 weeks, Step 4 was repeated and the performance speed was gradually increased. The performance speed was decreased by an average of 12.4 % of normal. Clinical results evaluated by the Arm Dystonia Disability Scale (ADDS) indicated that prior to performing the SDE, 4 subjects experienced moderate difficulty (ADDS = 2) and 16 subjects had marked difficulty (ADDS = 3). However, after SDE therapy, symptoms improved to normal (ADDS = 0) in 12 subjects and to mild (ADDS = 1) in 8 subjects. Clinical results evaluated by the Tubiana and Chamagne Score (TCS) showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement from 2.2 ± 0.41 to 4.6 ± 0.50.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Fitness of Adults Aged 20–59 Years

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jopkiewicz ◽  
Jacek Gawron ◽  
Stanisław Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Improvement Programs

AbstractPurpose. The aim of the study was to check whether and to what extent leisure-time physical activity and commuting activity constitute a factor differentiating physical fitness in a selected group of females and males aged 20-59 years. Methods. The study was performed in the Świętokrzyskie region of Poland in the spring of 2010. The sample included 1032 adults (517 females and 515 males) employed and at the same time completing extramural education or attending vocational improvement programs. Four age groups were delineated (20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59). A self-report questionnaire assessed physical activity level whereas physical fitness was determined by tests assessing handgrip strength, upper (dynamic) and lower (explosive) extremity strength, agility, hand movement speed, and endurance. Results. A significant relationship was found between leisure-time physical activity and all the performance-based measures in both females and males. With regard to commuting activity, statistically significant relationships were observed only in the females with regard to handgrip strength, lower extremity strength and endurance. Conclusions. A significant positive relationship between leisure-time physical activity and physical fitness was demonstrated in both females and males aged 20-59 years while commuting activity should significant correlations only in females.

Normalized Jerk: A Measure to Capture Developmental Characteristics of Young Girls' Overarm Throwing

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin H. Yan ◽  
Richard N. Hinrichs ◽  
V. Gregory Payne ◽  
Jerry R. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Overarm Throwing ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Tennis Balls

This study was designed to examine Ihe developmental differences in the speed and smoothness of arm movement during overarm throwing. The second purpose of this investigation was to evaluate whether jerk is a useful measure in understanding children's overarm throwing. Fifty-one girls, aged 3 to 6 years, voluntarily participated in the study. Each subject threw tennis balls as hard as she could toward a large target on the wall. A 2-camera video system was used to obtain 3-D coordinates of the hand and ball using the DLT algorithm. The variables of velocity and jerk (for the hand and ball) served as the movement outcome measures. The age-associated differences in velocity and normalized jerk (absolute jerk standardized relative to movement time and distance) were examined by ANOVAs. The results supported the hypothesis that the older subjects demonstrated faster and smoother hand movements than their younger counterparts during the forward acceleration phase (from the beginning of forward motion to ball release). In addition, the correlation results indicated thai increased hand movement speed was associated with decreased movement jerk in older subjects, whereas increased hand speed was associated with increased jerk in younger subjects. The findings suggest that examining the jerk parameter (normalized or absolute jerk) is a useful and alternative approach to capture the variance of hand movement execution for children's overarm throwing.

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