scholarly journals Desingularization of binomial varieties in arbitrary characteristic. Part I. A new resolution function and their properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 285 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1316-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Resolution Function ◽  
Arbitrary Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Part

scholarly journals VI-modules in non-describing characteristic, part II

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Nagpal
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Zero ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
Arbitrary Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Part

Abstract We classify all irreducible generic VI {\mathrm{VI}} -modules in non-describing characteristic. Our result degenerates to yield a classification of irreducible generic FI {\mathrm{FI}} -modules in arbitrary characteristic. Equivalently, we provide a complete classification of irreducibles of admissible 𝐆𝐋 ∞ ⁢ ( 𝔽 q ) {\mathbf{GL}_{\infty}(\mathbb{F}_{q})} -representations in non-describing characteristic, which is new even in characteristic zero. This result degenerates to provide a complete classification of irreducibles of admissible S ∞ {S_{\infty}} -representations in arbitrary characteristic, which is new away from characteristic zero.

General Principles for Integration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Resolution Function ◽  
Wto Dispute Settlement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prior Analysis

This chapter reviews the broader principles in the international intellectual property (IP) system that fulfil an indirect integration or conflict resolution function, with a focus on those emanating from and applicable to the Trade Related Aspects of International Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement. In focusing on Articles 7 and 8 of TRIPS, the chapter builds on prior analysis about the role of these provisions in establishing an agreed, common object and purpose of the principal global IP treaty with relevance beyond TRIPS. In light of the origins and negotiation history of Articles 7 and 8 TRIPS, the chapter shows how these provisions can be applied to integrate ‘external’ objectives and interests via interpretation and implementation. Next, this chapter reviews their very poor record of application in the first twenty years of World Trade Organisation (WTO) dispute settlement. It concludes with suggestions for an appropriate recognition of external norms, objectives, and interests via Articles 7 and 8.

scholarly journals Size and spatial correlation of defective domains in yttrium-doped CeO2

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Checchia ◽  
Marco Scavini ◽  
Mattia Allieta ◽  
Michela Brunelli ◽  
Claudio Ferrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pair Distribution Function ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Resolution Function ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Instrumental Resolution ◽  
Doped Ceo2 ◽  
Low Symmetry

The size of dopant-rich nanodomains was assessed in four samples of Ce1−μYμO2−μ/2 through systematic pair distribution function (PDF) refinements. Experimental G(r) curves were fitted by different structural models with the aim of finding a description which balanced precise structure parameterization and reasonable number of parameters. The most reliable model was a single Y2O3-like phase, which best accommodated to the close relationship between the fluorite (CeO2-like) and C-type (Y2O3-like) structures. In this model, a refined cation coordinate, x(M2), measured the relative occurrence in the G(r) of the chemical environment of Y and Ce at any value of r. The r-value at which x(M2) vanished, i.e. at which the refined C-type cell becomes a redundant, low-symmetry description of a fluorite cell, was assumed as the size of a C-type domain. Subtle features in G(r) could be attributed to the fluorite or C-type phase up to ~500 Å thanks to the narrow instrumental resolution function of the ID31 beamline (now ID22) at the ESRF, which allows us to get high resolution PDF data.

(Dis)solving the Chronological Paradox in Customary International Law: A Hartian Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lefkowitz
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Resolution Function ◽  
Customary International Law ◽  
International Legal System ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Normative Standard

As traditionally conceived, the creation of a new rule of customary international law requires that states believe the law to already require the conduct specified in the rule. Distinguishing the process whereby a customary rule comes to exist from the process whereby that customary rule becomes law dissolves this chronological paradox. Creation of a customary rule requires only that states come to believe that there exists a normative standard to which they ought to adhere, not that this standard is law. What makes the customary rule law is adherence by officials in the international legal system to a rule of recognition that treats custom as a source of valid law. Confusion over this distinction arises because in the international legal system the same agents whose beliefs give rise to a customary rule are the legal officials whose adherence to the rule of recognition leads them to deem that rule legally valid. The proposed solution to the chronological paradox employs H.L.A. Hart’s analysis of the concepts of law and a legal system, and in particular, the idea of a rule of recognition. Yet Hart famously denies the existence of a rule of recognition for international law. Hart’s denial rests on a failure to distinguish between the ontological and authoritative resolution functions of a rule of recognition, however. Once such a distinction is drawn, it can be argued that customary international law rests on a rule of recognition that serves the ontological function of making customary norms legal, though not the authoritative resolution function of settling disputes over the alleged legality of particular norms.

scholarly journals A remark on the Grothendieck-Lefschetz theorem about the Picard group

1978 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Bădescu
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Variety ◽  
Picard Group ◽  
Closed Field ◽  
Algebraically Closed Field ◽  
Arbitrary Characteristic ◽  
Lefschetz Theorem

Let K be an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic. The term “variety” always means here an irreducible algebraic variety over K. The notations and the terminology are borrowed in general from EGA [4].

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