In Situ Mechanical Characterization of Short Vegetal Fibre-Reinforced High-Density Polyethylene Using X-Ray Tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 298 (12) ◽  
pp. 1269-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belkhiri Kaouache ◽  
Frédéric Addiego ◽  
Jean-Marie Hiver ◽  
Olivier Ferry ◽  
Valérie Toniazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
High Density ◽  
X Ray

Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Nanocomposites Prepared by in-Situ Polymerization of High-Density Polyethylene on Carbon Nanotubes

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (17) ◽  
pp. 6268-6276 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trujillo ◽  
M. L. Arnal ◽  
A. J. Müller ◽  
E. Laredo ◽  
St. Bredeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
High Density

Fracture Characterization of High Density Polyethylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites Toughened with SEBS-g-MA

2006 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Bao ◽  
Sie Chin Tjong
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fracture Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Work Of Fracture

High density polyethylene (HDPE)/organoclay nanocomposites toughened with maleated styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene elastomer (SEBS-g-MA) were prepared by melt compounding. The structure and mechanical properties of such nanocomposites were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), tensile and impact techiniques. XRD measurements showed that meleic anhydride group of SEBS elastomer was beneficial in forming an intercalated or partially exfoliated structure. The essential work of fracture (EWF) approach under tensile condition was used to characterize the fracture toughness of nanocomposites. The results indicated that the addition of SEBS-g-MA to the HDPE/organoclay nanocomposites greatly enhanced their fracture toughness.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Composition and Surface Topography Effects on Apatite-Forming Ability of Ceramic-Polymer Composites

2003 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Rea ◽  
Serena M. Best ◽  
William Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Apatite Layer ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Polyethylene Matrix ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
X Ray

AbstractHAPEXTM (40 vol% hydroxyapatite in a high-density polyethylene matrix) and AWPEX (40 vol% apatite-wollastonite glass ceramic in a high density polyethylene matrix) are composites designed to provide bioactivity and to match the mechanical properties of human cortical bone. HAPEXTM has had clinical success in middle ear and orbital implants, and there is great potential for further orthopaedic applications of these materials. However, more detailed in vitro investigations must be performed to better understand the biological interactions of the composites and so the bioactivity of each material was assessed in this study. Specifically, the effects of controlled surface topography and ceramic filler composition on apatite layer formation in acellular simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentration similar to those of human blood plasma were examined. Samples were prepared as 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 mm tiles with polished, roughened, or parallel-grooved surface finishes, and were incubated in 20 ml of SBF at 36.5 °C for 1, 3, 7, or 14 days. The formation of a biologically active apatite layer on the composite surface after immersion was demonstrated by thin-film x-ray diffraction (TF-XRD), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) imaging and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. Variations in sample weight and solution pH over the period of incubation were also recorded. Significant differences were found between the two materials tested, with greater bioactivity in AWPEX than HAPEXTM overall. Results also indicate that within each material the surface topography is highly important, with rougher samples correlated to earlier apatite formation.

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