Inorganic‐organic Hybrid Anion Conducting Membranes Based on Ammonium‐functionalized Polyethylene Pyrrole‐polyethylene Ketone Copolymer

AbstractReal 3-D sub-νm lithography was performed with two-photon polymerization (2PP) using inorganic-organic hybrid polymer (ORMOCER®) resins. The hybrid polymers were synthesized by hydrolysis/polycondensation reactions (modified sol-gel synthesis) which allows one to tailor their material properties towards the respective applications, i.e., dielectrics, optics or passivation. Due to their photosensitive organic functionalities, ORMOCER®s can be patterned by conventional photo-lithography as well as by femtosecond laser pulses at 780 nm. This results in polymerized (solid) structures where the non-polymerized parts can be removed by conventional developers.ORMOCER® structures as small as 200 nm or even below were generated by 2PP of the resins using femtosecond laser pulses. It is demonstrated that ORMOCER®s have the potential to be used in components or devices built up by nm-scale structures such as, e.g., photonic crystals. Aspects of the materials in conjunction to the applied technology are discussed.

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Functional Poly(p-Xylylene)s via Chemical Reduction of Poly(p-Phenylene Vinylene)s

10.26434/chemrxiv.9868196.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ain Uddin ◽

Weifan Sang ◽

Yong Gao ◽

Kyle Plunkett

Keyword(s):

Film Formation ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Phenylene Vinylene ◽

Polymer Modification ◽

Polymer Backbone ◽

Crosslinking Process ◽

Conducting Membranes ◽

In Situ Crosslinking

The synthesis of poly(p-xylylene)s (PPXs) with sidechains containing alkyl bromide functionality, and their post-polymer modification, is described. The PPXs were prepared by a diimide hydrogenation of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs) that were originally synthesized by a Gilch polymerization. The polymer backbone reduction was carried out with hydrazine hydrate in toluene at 80 °C to provide polymers with the sidechain-containing bromide functionality intact. To demonstrate post-polymer modification of the sidechains, the resulting PPX polymers were modified with trimethylamine to form tetraalkylammonium ion functionality and were evaluated as anion conducting membranes. While PPX homopolymers containing tetralkylammonium ions were completely water soluble and not able to form valuable films, PPX copolymers containing mixed tetraalkylammonium ions and hydrophobic chains were capable of film formation and alkaline stability. In addition, an in situ crosslinking process that used N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine during the tetraalkylammonium formation of brominated PPX polymers was also evaluated and gave reasonable films with conductivities of ~10 mS-cm-1.

Download Full-text

Functional Poly(p-Xylylene)s via Chemical Reduction of Poly(p-Phenylene Vinylene)s

10.26434/chemrxiv.9868196 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ain Uddin ◽

Weifan Sang ◽

Yong Gao ◽

Kyle Plunkett

Keyword(s):

Film Formation ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Phenylene Vinylene ◽

Polymer Modification ◽

Polymer Backbone ◽

Crosslinking Process ◽

Conducting Membranes ◽

In Situ Crosslinking

The synthesis of poly(p-xylylene)s (PPXs) with sidechains containing alkyl bromide functionality, and their post-polymer modification, is described. The PPXs were prepared by a diimide hydrogenation of poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs) that were originally synthesized by a Gilch polymerization. The polymer backbone reduction was carried out with hydrazine hydrate in toluene at 80 °C to provide polymers with the sidechain-containing bromide functionality intact. To demonstrate post-polymer modification of the sidechains, the resulting PPX polymers were modified with trimethylamine to form tetraalkylammonium ion functionality and were evaluated as anion conducting membranes. While PPX homopolymers containing tetralkylammonium ions were completely water soluble and not able to form valuable films, PPX copolymers containing mixed tetraalkylammonium ions and hydrophobic chains were capable of film formation and alkaline stability. In addition, an in situ crosslinking process that used N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine during the tetraalkylammonium formation of brominated PPX polymers was also evaluated and gave reasonable films with conductivities of ~10 mS-cm-1.

Download Full-text