Assessment of Mechanical and Electrical Performances of Polylactic Acid/Liquid Natural Rubber/Graphene Platelets Nanocomposites in the Light of Different Graphene Platelets Functionalization Routes

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100185
Author(s):  
Nurul Aishah Mohd Amran ◽  
Sahrim Ahmad ◽  
Ruey Shan Chen ◽  
Dalila Shahdan ◽  
Moayad Husien Flaifel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Graphene Platelets

Thermal Analysis of Polylactic Acid/Liquid Natural Rubber Reinforced with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilah Mat Ali ◽  
Sahrim H. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This article studies the thermal properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA)/liquid natural rubber (LNR) blends which prepared via melt blending method. Various percentages (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4 wt%) of MWCNT were added into PLA/LNR blend. TGA shows that the addition of MWCNT into PLA/LNR blends helps to improve thermal stability of the PLA/LNR/MWCNT nanocomposites. DSC shows that the glass transition temperature increased when 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5% of MWCNT was added to the PLA/LNR blend. The cold crystallization and melting temperature were reduced when MWCNT was added in the PLA/LNR blend systems. The SEM micrographs confirm the effect of good dispersion of 3.5wt% of MWCNT in PLA/LNR blend helps to promote well combined MWCNT-matrix networks and generate the synergistic effect of the system which is improved the thermal properties significantly.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Liquid Natural Rubber via Oxidative Degradation of Natural Rubber

Polymers ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2928-2941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhawati Ibrahim ◽  
Rusli Daik ◽  
Ibrahim Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber

Chemical Depolymerisation of Natural Rubber in Biphasic Medium

2014 ◽  
Vol 1024 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Suhawati ◽  
Asrul Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Biphasic Medium

The molecular weight of natural rubber (NR) can be reduced via depolymerization reaction to produce liquid natural rubber (LNR) with a molecular weight less than 50 000 g/mol. In the reaction, hydrogen peroxide and sodium nitrite were added to natural rubber latex to initiate a redox type reaction which then breaks the NR chain. Low permeation of reagents into latex particles allows the degradation to occur greater at the latex particle surface relative to the inner core contributes to high molecular weight distribution (MWD) or polydispersity of the LNR obtained. In this recent works, the reaction was carried out in a biphasic medium consisting of water and toluene phases. Toluene swells latex particles as indicated by the SEM micrographs showing changes in the size of latex particles. This occurrence is suggested to increase the influx of reagents into the latex particles. Consequently, with higher permeation of reagents into the latex particles resulted in the decrease of molecular weight and lower polydispersity of the LNR obtained. Chemical structure analysize showed that the LNRs obtained were attached with hydroxyl and carbonyl groups.

Thermal Properties and Crystallisation Behaviour of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Norasmah Surip ◽  
Z.Y. Zhang ◽  
H.N. Dhakal ◽  
N.N. Bonnia ◽  
S. H. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Internal Mixer

The effect of preparation technique on the crystallisation behavior and thermal properties of TPNR filled nanoclay nanocomposites was investigated. The nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending method using internal mixer (Haake 600P). Two types of nanocomposites preparation technique were employed which is method A and B. In method A, the nanoclay was pre-mixed with liquid natural rubber (LNR) before it was charged into the other materials. For method B, the nanoclay was directly charged into the molten TPNR matrix. The result shows, preparation methods were significantly affect the crystallinity and thermal properties of TPNR nanocomposites. DSC thermogram revealed that nanocomposites crystallinity was increased when prepared by method A but decreased with method B. An increment in polypropylene crystallinity was attributed by the nanoclay which is believed to be as a nucleating agent. DMA thermogram suggested that the preparation method has affected the storage modulus and tan δ but not the glass transition temperature (tg).

Toughness Enhancement of Polylactic Acid by Employing Glycolyzed Polylactic Acid-Cured Epoxidized Natural Rubber

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 580-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phrutsadee Sukpuang ◽  
Mantana Opaprakasit ◽  
Atitsa Petchsuk ◽  
Pakorn Opaprakasit
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Solvent Fractionation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Toughness Enhancement

Glycolyzed polylactic acid (GPLA)-cured epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is developed for use as a toughening agent for PLA resin. GPLA is obtained from chemical recycling of PLA resin by a glycolysis reaction. GPLA-cured ENR is then prepared by the crosslinking reaction of ENR with GPLA in an internal mixer. Chemical structures of the cured products are characterized by solvent fractionation and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The cured ENR products are blended with PLA resin, by varying the cured ENR contents from 5 to 15% wt. Mechanical properties of the blends, and their toughening mechanisms are examined. The cured ENR materials has higher efficiency in improving toughness of PLA resin, compared to uncured ENR, likely due to their rubbery network nature and higher compatibility with the PLA matrix. The incorporation of 5% wt. GPLA-cured ENR also improves elongation at break with no adverse effect on tensile strength and modulus of PLA.

Inorganic-Organic Composite Materials from Liquid Natural Rubber and Epoxidised Natural Rubber Derivatives

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-140
Author(s):  
Wan Ahmad Kamil Mahmood ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Azarian
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Metal Alkoxides ◽  
Inorganic Glass ◽  
Transparent Films ◽  
Polymer Component ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Organic-Inorganic composite materials (OICs) are used to describe the group of materials synthesized from polymers and inorganic metal alkkoxides. The interests in these materials arised from the need to ‘combine' the physical properties of inorganic glass materials and polymers such that the resultant OICs have the strength of the inorganic glass and flexibiliy of polymeric materials. Sol-gel technique have been the technique of choice due to much of its advantages, in particular the low temperature reaction. This is very important when natural rubber and its derivatives are used as the polymer component of the OICs. Work in our laboratory has demonstrated that OICs form liquid natural rubber (LNR) and 50% epoxidised natural rubber (ENR-50) can be prepared from various metal alkoxides, such silicon, zirconium and titanium. The OICs can be prepared as flexible transparent films, nanofibers and nanobeads. This Chapter will describe the preparation techniques and the properties of these OICs from various compositions of one and more metal alkoxides in both LNR and ENR-50. The applications of these materials in PANI will be briefly described.

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