Scaling the Graft Length and Graft Density of Irradiation-Grafted Copolymers

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 (21) ◽  
pp. 1800311
Author(s):  
Gergely Nagy ◽  
Véronique Sproll ◽  
Urs Gasser ◽  
Thomas J. Schmidt ◽  
Lorenz Gubler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Density ◽  
Graft Length

Rheological properties and crystallization behavior of comb-like graft poly(l-lactide): influences of graft length and graft density

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (36) ◽  
pp. 30320-30329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefei Leng ◽  
Zhiyong Wei ◽  
Yufei Bian ◽  
Yingying Ren ◽  
Yurong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Graft Density ◽  
Graft Length

Radius growth rate of spherulites (G) versus crystallization temperature (Tc) for graft PLLA with different graft density and graft length.

scholarly journals Scaling the Graft Length and Graft Density of Irradiation-Grafted Copolymers

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 (21) ◽  
pp. 1870048
Author(s):  
Gergely Nagy ◽  
Véronique Sproll ◽  
Urs Gasser ◽  
Thomas J. Schmidt ◽  
Lorenz Gubler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Density ◽  
Graft Length

Effects of Substrate, Solvent, Graft Density and Graft Length on the Formation of Cellulose-Based Ordered Porous Film

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Yong Liu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Yue Jun Liu ◽  
Xi Hai Hao
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Porous Film ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Porous Films ◽  
Mica Substrate ◽  
Breath Figure ◽  
Breath Figure Method ◽  
Graft Density ◽  
Ordered Porous ◽  
Graft Length

We investigated the preparation of porous film of cellulose-based graft copolymer by breath figure method. The effects of substrate, solvent, graft density and graft length on the formation of porous film were elucidated. The results showed that ordered porous films could be facilely formed on the glass and mica substrate, while no ordered porous films were obtained on the silicon substrate. The ordered porous films were formed from the copolymer/CS2 solution, while no ordered porous films were done from the copolymer/CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and toluene solution. Moreover, no ordered porous films were obtained from the copolymer with spare graft density or with long side chain. The results indicated that the substrate, solvent, graft density and graft length had important effects on the ordered porous film.

Computerized Modeling Based on Spiral CT Data for Noninvasive Determination of Aortic Stent-Graft Length

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Rott ◽  
Thomas Boehm ◽  
Joachim Söldner ◽  
Jürgen R. Reichenbach ◽  
Jürgen Heyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stent Graft ◽  
Spiral Ct ◽  
Aortic Stent Graft ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Graft Length

scholarly journals Medial collateral ligament reconstruction graft isometry is effected by femoral position more than tibial position

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Kittl ◽  
James Robinson ◽  
Michael J. Raschke ◽  
Arne Olbrich ◽  
Andre Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Complex Behaviour ◽  
Femoral Attachment ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Graft Length

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the length change patterns of the native medial structures of the knee and determine the effect on graft length change patterns for different tibial and femoral attachment points for previously described medial reconstructions. Methods Eight cadaveric knee specimens were prepared by removing the skin and subcutaneous fat. The sartorius fascia was divided to allow clear identification of the medial ligamentous structures. Knees were then mounted in a custom-made rig and the quadriceps muscle and the iliotibial tract were loaded, using cables and hanging weights. Threads were mounted between tibial and femoral pins positioned in the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the attachment sites of the native superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL). Pins were also placed at the attachment sites relating to two commonly used medial reconstructions (Bosworth/Lind and LaPrade). Length changes between the tibiofemoral pin combinations were measured using a rotary encoder as the knee was flexed through an arc of 0–120°. Results With knee flexion, the anterior fibres of the sMCL tightened (increased in length 7.4% ± 2.9%) whilst the posterior fibres slackened (decreased in length 8.3% ± 3.1%). All fibre regions of the POL displayed a uniform lengthening of approximately 25% between 0 and 120° knee flexion. The most isometric tibiofemoral combination was between pins placed representing the middle fibres of the sMCL (Length change = 5.4% ± 2.1% with knee flexion). The simulated sMCL reconstruction that produced the least length change was the Lind/Bosworth reconstruction with the tibial attachment at the insertion of the semitendinosus and the femoral attachment in the posterior part of the native sMCL attachment side (5.4 ± 2.2%). This appeared more isometric than using the attachment positions described for the LaPrade reconstruction (10.0 ± 4.8%). Conclusion The complex behaviour of the native MCL could not be imitated by a single point-to-point combination and surgeons should be aware that small changes in the femoral MCL graft attachment position will significantly effect graft length change patterns. Reconstructing the sMCL with a semitendinosus autograft, left attached distally to its tibial insertion, would appear to have a minimal effect on length change compared to detaching it and using the native tibial attachment site. A POL graft must always be tensioned near extension to avoid capturing the knee or graft failure.

The zone 2 concept and distal stent graft positioning in TH 2–3 are associated with high rates of secondary aortic interventions in frozen elephant trunk surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Liebrich ◽  
Efstratios I Charitos ◽  
Sebastian Schlereth ◽  
Helfried Meißner ◽  
Tobias Trabold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Stent Graft ◽  
Type A ◽  
Distal Anastomosis ◽  
Frozen Elephant Trunk ◽  
Elephant Trunk ◽  
Hybrid Prosthesis ◽  
Elephant Trunk Procedure ◽  
Graft Length ◽  
Aortic Dissection Type A

Abstract OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to investigate the association between the localization of the distal anastomosis (zone 2/3), the stent graft length (100–160 mm), the position of the distal end of the hybrid prosthesis and the need for secondary aortic intervention (SAI) in acute and chronic thoracic aortic disease after the frozen elephant trunk procedure. METHODS From 2009 through 2020, a total of 232 patients (137 men; mean age, 61.7 ± 13.8 years) were treated with the frozen elephant trunk procedure. The main indications were acute aortic dissection type A (n = 106, 46%), chronic aortic dissection type A (n = 52, 22%) and degenerative thoracic aortic aneurysm (n = 74, 32%). RESULTS The rate of SAI was significantly higher when we performed a distal anastomosis in zone 2 rather than in zone 3, whereas the rate of SAI was less frequent if the distal positioning of the hybrid prosthesis was below TH 4–5. Combining the zone 2 concept and the short stent graft length (100 mm) was associated with a significantly higher rate of SAIs. Patients with a distal anastomosis in zone 2 were significantly less likely to have a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (P < 0.001). However, no association between a specific arch zone of a distal anastomosis and the occurrence of spinal cord injury was observed. CONCLUSIONS Rates of SAIs are highest in patients who were treated with a distal anastomosis in zone 2 and a short stent graft (100 mm) with the distal end of the hybrid prosthesis at vertebral level TH 2–3.

Amphiphilic and biodegradable hy-PEI-g-PCL-b-PEG copolymers efficiently mediate transgene expression depending on their graft density

2012 ◽  
Vol 427 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyao Zheng ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Olga Samsonova ◽  
Thomas Endres ◽  
Olivia Merkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Graft Density
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