Initial Particle Morphology Development in Ziegler-Natta Propylene Polymerization Tracked with Stopped-Flow Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 212 (7) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Taniike ◽  
Vu Quoc Thang ◽  
Nguyen Tien Binh ◽  
Yuichi Hiraoka ◽  
Toshiya Uozumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Propylene Polymerization ◽  
Stopped Flow ◽  
Initial Particle ◽  
Morphology Development

Particle morphology development in hybrid miniemulsion polymerization

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Tsavalas ◽  
F. Joseph Schork ◽  
Katharina Landfester
Keyword(s):  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Morphology Development

scholarly journals Development of Large-Scale Stopped-Flow Technique and its Application in Elucidation of Initial Ziegler–Natta Olefin Polymerization Kinetics

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Thakur ◽  
Toru Wada ◽  
Patchanee Chammingkwan ◽  
Minoru Terano ◽  
Toshiaki Taniike
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Olefin Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Kinetics ◽  
Propylene Polymerization ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Stopped Flow ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Polymerization Catalysis ◽  
Short Period

The stopped-flow (SF) technique has been extensively applied to study Ziegler–Natta (ZN) olefin polymerization kinetics within an extremely short period (typically <0.2 s) for understanding the nature of the active sites as well as the polymerization mechanisms through microstructure analyses of obtained polymers. In spite of its great applicability, a small amount of polymer that is yielded in a short-time polymerization has been a major bottleneck for polymer characterizations. In order to overcome this limitation, a large-scale SF (LSF) system has been developed, which offers stable and scalable polymerization over an expanded time range from a few tens milliseconds to several seconds. The scalability of the LSF technique has been further improved by introducing a new quenching protocol. With these advantages, the LSF technique has been effectively applied to address several unknown issues in ZN catalysis, such as the role of physical and chemical transformations of a catalyst on the initial polymerization kinetics, and regiochemistry of ZN propylene polymerization. Here, we review the development of the LSF technique and recent efforts for understanding heterogeneous ZN olefin polymerization catalysis with this new system.

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