Stress corrosion cracking assessment of API X65 steel non-conventionally heat treated

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Natividad ◽  
R. García ◽  
V. H. López ◽  
R. Galván-Martínez ◽  
M. Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Api X65 Steel ◽  
X65 Steel

Microstructural Feature Analysis of X65 Steel Exposed to Ripple Load Testing Under Near Neutral pH Conditions

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pellumb Jakupi ◽  
Bill Santos ◽  
Wilfred Binns ◽  
Ivan Barker ◽  
Jenny Been
Keyword(s):  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Electron Back Scatter Diffraction ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Ph Conditions

Newly designed miniature Compact Tension (CT) specimens, designed according to standard ASTM dimension ratios, and machined out of previously in-service X65 pipeline steel were exposed to super-imposed cyclic loading at high mean stresses in NS4 solution to determine the behaviour of X65 steel to ripple loading under near neutral pH conditions. Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) was used to study the microstructural grain geometry to determine if it influences stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation and propagation. Prior to ripple load testing, finely polished X65 surfaces were subjected to EBSD measurements to characterize the microstructure’s geometry; i.e., grain and grain boundary orientations and texture. On the same locations where EBSD maps were recorded, a grid of cross-shaped resist markings — approximately 1–5 μm in size — were deposited every 15 μm across the analyzed surfaces. Following microscopic analyses the specimens were pre-cracked and re-examined to determine whether the crack initiation procedure preconditions the residual strain (quantified by grain misorientations) around an induced crack. Then, ripple load testing at stress levels characterized by load ratios (R) greater than 0.9 was performed, while simultaneously monitoring the open-circuit potential (OCP) at room temperature. The originally characterized surface was again re-examined to determine if the crack tip propagated preferably along a specific crystallographic grain orientation by comparing the shifts in each cross-shaped grid. Results from this investigation will help determine if there is a link between microstructural grain geometries and transgranular stress corrosion cracking.

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Depleted Uranium Alloys in Moist Salt Ladened Air

CORROSION ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Hasson ◽  
J. A. Joyce ◽  
C. R. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Depleted Uranium ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Computer Data Acquisition ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Threshold Data ◽  
Mixed Fracture

Abstract Stress corrosion cracking (SCO in selected depleted uranium alloys in salt ladened moist air environments has been studied by cantilever beam testing. Crack growth kinetics were monitored during the test using a computer data acquisition system. Continuous measurements of crack growth with time showed discontinuous crack growth with increasing KI. Threshold stress intensity values for stress corrosion cracking KISCC, were found to be 24.4 MPa - m½ and 15.6 MPa - m½ for U-3/4 Ti and DU-3/4 Quintalloys, respectively. Values for U-2 Mo in two heat treated conditions were slightly less than the U-3/4 Ti threshold. Data is presented in a “safe zone” plot of flaw size vs applied stress. Fractographic investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed mixed fracture modes with both transgranular and intergranular fracture occurring.

Stress Corrosion Cracking of High and Low Strength Carbon Steels in Nitrate Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
AZIZ ASPHAHANI ◽  
H. H. UHLIG
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Low Strength ◽  
Steel Heat ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

Abstract Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior in 60% Ca(NO3)2, 3% NH4NO3 solution boiling at 110 C is reported for relatively pure 1% Ni, 1% Cr, or 1% Ti steels as a function of carbon content. The steels were water-quenched, cold-rolled, or furnace-cooled. Commercial 4140 steel heat-treated to various hardness levels was similarly tested. It was also subjected to SCC in boiling 3% NaNO3 and boiling 3% NaCl. Critical potentials below which SCC does not occur were measured in 3% NaNO3 for the latter steel at 4 hardness levels. The results are interpreted in terms of stress-sorption cracking.

Effect of non-conventional heat treatment of API X60 pipeline steel on corrosion resistance and stress corrosion cracking susceptibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ricardo Jacobo ◽  
Rafael Garcia ◽  
Victor Hugo Lopez ◽  
Antonio Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of heat treatment (HT) applied to an API X60 steel in corrosion resistance and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility through slow strain rate tests (SSRT) in NS4 solution and congenital water (CW) to assess external and internal SCC, respectively. Design/methodology/approach API X60 steel was heat treated at a temperature of 1,200°C for 30 min followed by water quenching. Specimens from this steel were machined according to NACE TM 198. SSRT were performed in a constant extension rate tests (CERT) machine at room temperature at a strain rate of 1 × 10–6 s–1. For this purpose, a glass cell was used. Corrosion behavior was evaluated through polarization curves (PCs). Findings The SCC index obtained from SSRT indicates that the steel heat treated could be susceptible to SCC in CW and NS4 solution; the mechanism of SCC was hydrogen embrittlement. Thus, CW may promote the SCC phenomenon in pipelines. HT improves the steel corrosion resistance. Higher corrosion rate (CR) was observed when the steel is exposed to CW. The corrosion process in X60 steel shows that the oxidation reaction in the anodic branch corresponds to an activation process, and the cathode branches reveal a diffusion process. Originality/value The purpose of the heat treatment applied to X60 steel was to generate a microstructure of acicular ferrite to improve the corrosion resistance and SCC behavior.

A Study on the Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy 2014 T-651 Friction Stir Welds Using Stress Corrosion Cracking

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamilarasan Kollapuri ◽  
Madhanagopal Manoharan ◽  
Rajendra Boopathy Sadayan ◽  
Rama Koteswara Rao Sajja
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Heat Treated

Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) is the initiation and slow growth of cracks under the influence of tensile stresses and aggressive corrosion environment. Al alloy 2014 T 651 was solution heat treated and stress-relieved. In the present work, Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) experimental arrangement has been used to test the severity of aluminium alloys under particular environmental conditions. Sound welds were obtained with Friction Stir Welding at rotational speed of 800 rpm and welding speed of 200 mm/min. Friction Stir Welds were cut into standard tensile specimens as per ASTM E8 standards. Time to failure of the welds were obtained using 3.5 wt% NaCl solution at pH 10 in 0.7 and 1.1 yields by Stress Corrosion Cracking. Vickers micro-hardness was taken along various regions of the weld. Optical micro-graphs and scanning electron fractographs were taken to analyse the fracture behavior and fracture morphology of Friction Stir Welded aluminium alloy specimens, subjected to Stress Corrosion Cracking.

Stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of P285NH and API 5L X65 steel grades in the high‐level radioactive waste repository cell concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bulidon ◽  
Valérie Deydier ◽  
Frederic Bumbieler ◽  
Claude Duret‐Thual ◽  
Christophe Mendibide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Waste Repository ◽  
Api 5L X65 Steel ◽  
High Level
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