Corrosion Books: Composite materials: Science and applications - Functional materials for modern technologies. By: Deborah D. L. Chung - Materials and Corrosion 10/2003

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 812-813
Author(s):  
H. Klingelhöffer
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Modern Technologies

A glance on rare earth oxides: importance, reserves, demand, applications, critical uncertainties, global economy, and zeta potential characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silas Santos ◽  
Orlando Rodrigues ◽  
Letícia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Rare Earth Oxides ◽  
Interparticle Forces

Background: Innovation mission in materials science requires new approaches to form functional materials, wherein the concept of its formation begins in nano/micro scale. Rare earth oxides with general form (RE2O3; RE from La to Lu, including Sc and Y) exhibit particular proprieties, being used in a vast field of applications with high technological content since agriculture to astronomy. Despite of their applicability, there is a lack of studies on surface chemistry of rare earth oxides. Zeta potential determination provides key parameters to form smart materials by controlling interparticle forces, as well as their evolution during processing. This paper reports a study on zeta potential with emphasis for rare earth oxide nanoparticles. A brief overview on rare earths, as well as zeta potential, including sample preparation, measurement parameters, and the most common mistakes during this evaluation are reported. Methods: A brief overview on rare earths, including zeta potential, and interparticle forces are presented. A practical study on zeta potential of rare earth oxides - RE2O3 (RE as Y, Dy, Tm, Eu, and Ce) in aqueous media is reported. Moreover, sample preparation, measurement parameters, and common mistakes during this evaluation are discussed. Results: Potential zeta values depend on particle characteristics such as size, shape, density, and surface area. Besides, preparation of samples which involves electrolyte concentration and time for homogenization of suspensions are extremely valuable to get suitable results. Conclusion: Zeta potential evaluation provides key parameters to produce smart materials seeing that interparticle forces can be controlled. Even though zeta potential characterization is mature, investigations on rare earth oxides are very scarce. Therefore, this innovative paper is a valuable contribution on this field.

scholarly journals Metal Nano/Microparticles for Bioapplications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4543
Author(s):  
Xuan-Hung Pham ◽  
Seung-min Park ◽  
Bong-Hyun Jun
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering

Nano/micro particles are considered to be the most valuable and important functional materials in the field of materials science and engineering [...]

Multipurpose diffractometer for in situ X-ray crystallography of functional materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Semën Gorfman ◽  
David Spirito ◽  
Netanela Cohen ◽  
Peter Siffalovic ◽  
Peter Nadazdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Area Detector ◽  
Characterization Of Materials

Laboratory X-ray diffractometers play a crucial role in X-ray crystallography and materials science. Such instruments still vastly outnumber synchrotron facilities and are responsible for most of the X-ray characterization of materials around the world. The efforts to enhance the design and performance of in-house X-ray diffraction instruments benefit a broad research community. Here, the realization of a custom-built multipurpose four-circle diffractometer in the laboratory for X-ray crystallography of functional materials at Tel Aviv University, Israel, is reported. The instrument is equipped with a microfocus Cu-based X-ray source, collimating X-ray optics, four-bounce monochromator, four-circle goniometer, large (PILATUS3 R 1M) pixel area detector, analyser crystal and scintillating counter. It is suitable for a broad range of tasks in X-ray crystallography/structure analysis and materials science. All the relevant X-ray beam parameters (total flux, flux density, beam divergence, monochromaticity) are reported and several applications such as determination of the crystal orientation matrix and high-resolution reciprocal-space mapping are demonstrated. The diffractometer is suitable for measuring X-ray diffraction in situ under an external electric field, as demonstrated by the measurement of electric-field-dependent rocking curves of a quartz single crystal. The diffractometer can be used as an independent research instrument, but also as a training platform and for preparation for synchrotron experiments.

scholarly journals Multistep nucleation of anisotropic molecules

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuaki Z. Takahashi ◽  
Takeshi Aoyagi ◽  
Jun-ichi Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Orientational Order ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Anisotropic Materials ◽  
Nucleation Theory ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Molecular Cluster ◽  
Classical Nucleation Theory

AbstractPhase transition of anisotropic materials is ubiquitously observed in physics, biology, materials science, and engineering. Nevertheless, how anisotropy of constituent molecules affects the phase transition dynamics is still poorly understood. Here we investigate numerically the phase transition of a simple model system composed of anisotropic molecules, and report on our discovery of multistep nucleation of nuclei with layered positional ordering (smectic ordering), from a fluid-like nematic phase with orientational order only (no positional order). A trinity of molecular dynamics simulation, machine learning, and molecular cluster analysis yielding free energy landscapes unambiguously demonstrates the dynamics of multistep nucleation process involving characteristic metastable clusters that precede supercritical smectic nuclei and cannot be accounted for by the classical nucleation theory. Our work suggests that molecules of simple shape can exhibit rich and complex nucleation processes, and our numerical approach will provide deeper understanding of phase transitions and resulting structures in anisotropic materials such as biological systems and functional materials.

scholarly journals Catalytic C–H Arylation of Tetrathiafulvalenes for the Synthesis of Functional Materials

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 3326-3336
Author(s):  
Hideki Yorimitsu ◽  
Aya Yoshimura ◽  
Yohji Misaki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Donor ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Chemical Science ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed ◽  
Sulfur Containing

AbstractSulfur-containing functional π-conjugated cores play key roles in materials science, mostly due to their unique electrochemical and photophysical properties. Among these, the excellent electron donor tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) has occupied a central position since the emergence of organic electronics. Peripheral C–H modification of this highly useful sulfur-containing motif has resulted in the efficient creation of new molecules that expand the applications of TTFs. This Short Review begins with the development of the palladium-catalyzed direct C–H arylation of TTF. Subsequently, it summarizes the applications of this efficient C–H transformation for the straightforward synthesis of useful TTF derivatives that are employed in a variety of research fields, demonstrating that the development of a new reaction can have a significant impact on chemical science.1 Introduction2 Development of the Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C–H Arylation of TTF3 Synthesis of TTF-Based Tetrabenzoic Acid and Tetrapyridine for MOFs4 Synthesis of TTF-Based Tetrabenzaldehyde and Tetraaniline for COFs5 Tetraarylation of TTFAQ6 Synthesis of Multistage-Redox TTF Derivatives7 Miscellaneous Examples8 Conclusions

The Study of Dielectric Constant Inversion of Coconut Fiber/Gypsum Composite Based on the λ/4 Absorption Spectrum

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 400-403
Author(s):  
Qian Qian Chu ◽  
Hui Chao Zhao ◽  
Wan Jun Hao ◽  
Ying Ying Yi ◽  
Yi Feng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Complex Permittivity ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Inversion Theory ◽  
Equivalent Complex

The measurement of the complex permittivity of big structure composite material has always been a key and difficulty in the preparation of electromagnetic functional materials. In this paper the average dielectric constant inversion of coconut fiber/gypsum composite in S band is studied based on λ/4 absorption spectrum. First the absorbing effects of the prepared coconut fiber gypsum composite materials are tested with method of flat reflection. Then the equivalent complex permittivity is inversed with the inversion theory. Further the experimental verification is preceded that the theoretical and experimental absorbing curves whose peak positions are respectively at 3.05GHz and 2.45GHz are quite matched. And the study shows that this method is scientific and effective, and it can provide technical support for the baroque electromagnetic functional composite materials.

scholarly journals Design of Heat-Conductive hBN–PMMA Composites by Electrostatic Nano-Assembly

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yokoi ◽  
Wai Kian Tan ◽  
Taichi Kuroda ◽  
Go Kawamura ◽  
Atsunori Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Heat Conducting ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Energy Consuming

Micro/nanoscale design of composite materials enables alteration of their properties for advanced functional materials. One of the biggest challenges in material design is the controlled decoration of composite materials with the desired functional additives. This study reports on and demonstrates the homogeneous decoration of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) on poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and vice versa. The formation of the composite materials was conducted via a low environmental load and a low-energy-consuming, electrostatic nano-assembly method which also enabled the efficient usage of nano-sized additives. The hBN/PMMA and PMMA/hBN composites were fabricated in various size combinations that exhibited percolated and layer-oriented structures, respectively. The thermal conductivity behaviors of hBN/PMMA and PMMA/hBN composites that exhibited good microstructure were compared. The results showed that microstructural design of the composites enabled the modification of their heat-conducting property. This novel work demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating heat-conductive PMMA matrix composites with controlled decoration of hBN sheets, which may provide a platform for further development of heat-conductive polymeric materials.

scholarly journals Electrospinning Nanoparticles-Based Materials Interfaces for Sensor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Jia ◽  
Liu ◽  
Wei ◽  
Su
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

Electrospinning is a facile technique to fabricate nanofibrous materials with adjustable structure, property, and functions. Electrospun materials have exhibited wide applications in the fields of materials science, biomedicine, tissue engineering, energy storage, environmental science, sensing, and others. In this review, we present recent advance in the fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs)-based materials interfaces through electrospinning technique and their applications for high-performance sensors. To achieve this aim, first the strategies for fabricating various materials interfaces through electrospinning NPs, such as metallic, oxide, alloy/metal oxide, and carbon NPs, are demonstrated and discussed, and then the sensor applications of the fabricated NPs-based materials interfaces in electrochemical, electric, fluorescent, colorimetric, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, photoelectric, and chemoresistance-based sensing and detection are presented and discussed in detail. We believe that this study will be helpful for readers to understand the fabrication of functional materials interfaces by electrospinning, and at the same time will promote the design and fabrication of electrospun nano/micro-devices for wider applications in bioanalysis and label-free sensors.

Biodegradable Materials Application: Experience of the Russian Technological Platform “Medicine of the Future”

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Ilia P. Kaminskii ◽  
Anna V. Lozhnikova ◽  
Gennadiy G. Fomin ◽  
Mikhail Chikov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
European Patent ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Inventive Activity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Medical Materials

This paper describes the establishment of the new joint laboratory for medical materials science in Tomsk in the framework of the Technology Platform “Medicine of the Future”. The objective of this paper is to analyze the promising research areas within Medicine and Healthcare in the field of medical materials science. The study has been carried out using patent analysis and the method of critical technologies. The research object is the science and technology thematic area “biodegradable composite materials for medical applications”. According to the analysis of patent databases of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property (Russia) and the European Patent Office, the authors have made conclusions concerning the level of inventive activity with regard to “biodegradable composite materials for medical applications”, and determined the common and distinct country features of patent activity in medical materials science. Besides, the authors have suggested a new approach to improving the inventive activity in Russia and abroad, based on the method of critical technologies.

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