scholarly journals Liver transplantation for hepatitis B liver disease and concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States With hepatitis B immunoglobulin and nucleoside/nucleotide analogues

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1020-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Campsen ◽  
Michael Zimmerman ◽  
James Trotter ◽  
Johnny Hong ◽  
Chris Freise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleotide Analogues ◽  
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin

Universal Hepatitis B Immunization

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence

HEPATITIS B DISEASE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY In the United States 200 000 to 300 000 acute infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) occur each year.1,2 More than one million persons in the United States have chronic HBV infection, and approximately 4000 to 5000 persons die each year from HBV-induced chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although HBV infections occur during childhood and adolescence, the full impact of these infections is not recognized until many years later when chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma may develop. The incidence of HBV infection increases rapidly during adolescence, with higher rates among blacks than among whites (Fig 1).3 Although rates vary by region, sex, and race, between 3.3% and 25% of all persons have had HBV infection by 25 to 34 years of age. The likelihood of becoming chronically infected with HBV varies inversely with the age at which infection occurs. HBV transmitted from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers to their newborns results in HBV carriage for up to 90% of infants. Between 25% and 50% of children infected before 5 years of age become carriers, whereas only 6% to 10% of acutely infected adults become carriers. It is estimated that more than 25% of carrier infants will die from primary hepatocellular carcinoma or cirrhosis of the liver, with most of these deaths occurring during adult life. HBV infection occurs more commonly in certain populations, including Pacific Islanders, Alaskan Natives, immigrants from countries in which infection is highly endemic, persons who require multiple transfusions of blood or blood products, and persons with high-risk lifestyles, including intravenous drug abuse and contact with multiple sexual partners.

Characteristics of Hepatitis B virus induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian patients

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Mahmoud Fathy Barakat ◽  
Khalid Mahmoud AbdAlaziz ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud Mahmoud El Tabbakh ◽  
Mohamed Kamal Alden Ali
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the United States, HCC is the ninth leading cause of cancer deaths. Despite advances in prevention techniques, screening, and new technologies in both diagnosis and treatment, incidence and mortality continue to rise. Cirrhosis remains the most important risk factor for the development of HCC regardless of etiology. Hepatitis B and C are independent risk factors for the development of cirrhosis. Alcohol consumption remains an important additional risk factor in the United States as alcohol abuse is five times higher than hepatitis C. Diagnosis is confirmed without pathologic confirmation. Screening includes both radiologic tests, such as ultrasound, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and serological markers such as αfetoprotein at 6-month interval. Aim To compare characteristics and behavior of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic HCV patients and HVB patients Patients and Methods The current study was conducted on patients with de HCC presented at HCC clinic, Tropical medicine department Ain Shams University Hospitals between December 2017 and D ecember 2018, aged (18-70 years old) . Results eline characteristics of study population shown in Table 1 at enrolment, including gender, Education status, co-morbidity, underlying presence or absence of cirrhosis, Child-Pugh class of patients infected with viral hepatitis, and alpha-fetoprotein levels. Male proportion observed to be predominant in both HCV (62%) and HBV (75.4%) infected HCC population. Overall prevalence of HCV and HBV in patients having HCC was 65.95% and 34.04%, respectively. Presence of underlying liver cirrhosis was more significantly associated with HCV seropositives as compared to HBV seropositive patients (p0.05). Table 2 shows comparison of means between HCV and HBV seropositive patients with HCC. In univariate analysis, mean age difference (11.6 years), and total bilirubin levels (-1.91mg/dl) were the only statistically significant observations noted among HCV-HCC group (p = 0.05) Conclusion Hepatocellular carcinoma is mainly caused by Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B viruses, but latter showed predominance, comparatively worldwide and correlated HBV directly as a cause of HCC rather than HCV whose relation with HCC is still unclear (Shepard et al., 2006; Di Bisceglie, 2009). Because of the geographical differences and risk factors, the epidemiological burden of HCV and HBV has been observed different in different areas of the world. In developing countries due to high burden of HCV infection as compared to HBV such as in Taiwan (HCV 17.0%, HBV 13.8%) (Kao et al., 2011), Guam (HCV 19.6%, HBV 18%) (Haddock et al., 2013), and Pakistan (HCV 4.8%, HBV 2.5%) (Rehman et al., 1996; Raza et al., 2007; Qureshi et al., 2010; Butt et al., 2012;) will possibly

Liver Transplantation for the Gastroenterologist

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea M. Catana ◽  
Michael P. Curry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Waiting Lists ◽  
Liver Graft ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
End Stage Liver Disease ◽  
End Stage

The first liver transplantation (LT) was performed in 1963, and currently more than 65,000 people in the United States are living with a transplanted liver. In 2012, the number of adults who registered on the LT waiting list decreased for the first time since 2002; 10,143 candidates were added compared with 10,359 in 2011. LT offers long-term survival for complications of end-stage liver disease and prolongs life in properly selected patients, but problems such as donor deficit, geographic disparities, and long waiting lists remain. This overview of LT for the gastroenterologist details the indications for LT and patient selection, evaluation, liver organ allocation, prioritization for transplantation, transplantation benefit by the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), MELD limitations, sources of liver graft, strategies employed to decrease the donor deficit, complications, and outcomes. Figures include indications for LT in Europe and the United States, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network regions in the United States, the number of transplants and size of active waiting lists, mortality by MELD, regional disparity, patient survival rates with and without hepatitis C virus, and unadjusted patient and graft survival. Tables list LT milestones, indications for LT, contraindications for LT, minimal listing criteria for LT, criteria for LT in acute liver failure, LT evaluation process, adult recipient listing status 1A, and early posttransplantation complications. This review contains 7 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, and 46 references. 

scholarly journals Temporal Trends Associated With the Rise in Alcoholic Liver Disease-related Liver Transplantation in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Cholankeril ◽  
Chiranjeevi Gadiparthi ◽  
Eric R. Yoo ◽  
Brittany B. Dennis ◽  
Andrew A. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
The United States

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Is the Second Leading Etiology of Liver Disease Among Adults Awaiting Liver Transplantation in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Wong ◽  
Maria Aguilar ◽  
Ramsey Cheung ◽  
Ryan B. Perumpail ◽  
Stephen A. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Delayed hepatocellular carcinoma model for end-stage liver disease exception score improves disparity in access to liver transplant in the United States

Hepatology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1643-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie K. Heimbach ◽  
Ryutaro Hirose ◽  
Peter G. Stock ◽  
David P. Schladt ◽  
Hui Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
The United States ◽  
End Stage Liver Disease ◽  
End Stage
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