scholarly journals Sampling pore water at a centimeter resolution in sandy permeable sediments of lakes, streams, and coastal zones

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Anschutz ◽  
Céline Charbonnier
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Permeable Sediments

scholarly journals Bioirrigation in permeable sediments: Advective pore-water transport induced by burrow ventilation

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip J. R. Meysman ◽  
Oleksiy S. Galaktionov ◽  
Britta Gribsholt ◽  
Jack J. Middelburg
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Permeable Sediments

scholarly journals Patterns of carbon processing at the seafloor: the role of faunal and microbial communities in moderating carbon flows

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 4343-4357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Woulds ◽  
Steven Bouillon ◽  
Gregory L. Cowie ◽  
Emily Drake ◽  
Jack J. Middelburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Community Respiration ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Sand Flat ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
C Cycling ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Marine sediments, particularly those located in estuarine and coastal zones, are key locations for the burial of organic carbon (C). However, organic C delivered to the sediment is subjected to a range of biological C-cycling processes, the rates and relative importance of which vary markedly between sites, and which are thus difficult to predict. In this study, stable isotope tracer experiments were used to quantify the processing of C by microbial and faunal communities in two contrasting Scottish estuarine sites: a subtidal, organic C rich site in Loch Etive with cohesive fine-grained sediment, and an intertidal, organic C poor site on an Ythan estuary sand flat with coarse-grained permeable sediments. In both experiments, sediment cores were recovered and amended with 13C labelled phytodetritus to quantify whole community respiration of the added C and to trace the isotope label into faunal and bacterial biomass. Similar respiration rates were found in Loch Etive and on the Ythan sand flat (0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.63 ± 0.12 mg C m−2h−1, respectively), which we attribute to the experiments being conducted at the same temperature. Faunal uptake of added C over the whole experiment was markedly greater in Loch Etive (204 ± 72 mg C m−2) than on the Ythan sand flat (0.96 ± 0.3 mg C m−2), and this difference was driven by a difference in both faunal biomass and activity. Conversely, bacterial C uptake over the whole experiment in Loch Etive was much lower than that on the Ythan sand flat (1.80 ± 1.66 and 127 ± 89 mg C m−2, respectively). This was not driven by differences in biomass, indicating that the bacterial community in the permeable Ythan sediments was particularly active, being responsible for 48 ± 18 % of total biologically processed C. This type of biological C processing appears to be favoured in permeable sediments. The total amount of biologically processed C was greatest in Loch Etive, largely due to greater faunal C uptake, which was in turn a result of higher faunal biomass. When comparing results from this study with a wide range of previously published isotope tracing experiments, we found a strong correlation between total benthic biomass (fauna plus bacteria) and total biological C processing rates. Therefore, we suggest that the total C-cycling capacity of benthic environments is primarily determined by total biomass.

A Multi-Level Pore-Water Sampler for Permeable Sediments

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Martin ◽  
K. M. Hartl ◽  
D. R. Corbett ◽  
P. W. Swarzenski ◽  
J. E. Cable
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
Water Sampler ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Pore Water Sampler

scholarly journals Oxygen dynamics in permeable sediments with wave-driven pore water exchange

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elimar Precht ◽  
Ulrich Franke ◽  
Lubos Polerecky ◽  
Markus Huettel
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
Oxygen Dynamics

scholarly journals Patterns of carbon processing at the seafloor: the role of faunal and microbial communities in moderating carbon flows

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Woulds ◽  
S. Bouillon ◽  
G. L. Cowie ◽  
E. Drake ◽  
Jack J. Middelburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Community Respiration ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Sand Flat ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
C Cycling ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Marine sediments, particularly those located in estuarine and coastal zones, are key locations for the burial of organic carbon (C). However, organic C delivered to the sediment is subjected to a range of biological C-cycling processes, the rates and relative importance of which vary markedly between sites, and which are thus difficult to predict. In this study, stable isotope tracer experiments were used to quantify the processing of C by microbial and faunal communities in two contrasting Scottish estuarine sites: a subtidal, organic C rich site in Loch Etive with cohesive fine-grained sediment, and an intertidal, organic C poor site on an Ythan estuary sand flat with coarse- grained permeable sediments. In both experiments, sediment cores were recovered and amended with 13C labelled phytodetritus to quantify whole community respiration of the added C and to trace the isotope label into faunal and bacterial biomass. Similar respiration rates were found in Loch Etive and on the Ythan sand flat (0.64±0.04 and 0.63±0.12 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively), which we attribute to the experiments being conducted at the same temperature. Faunal uptake of added C over the whole experiment was markedly greater in Loch Etive (204±72 mg C m−2) than on the Ythan sand flat (0.96±0.3mg C m−2), and this difference was driven by a difference in both faunal biomass and activity. Conversely, bacterial C uptake over the whole experiment in Loch Etive was much lower than that on the Ythan sand flat (1.80±1.66 and 127±89 mg C m−2 respectively). This was not driven by differences in biomass, indicating that the bacterial community in the permeable Ythan sediments was particularly active, being responsible for 48±18% of total biologically processed C. This type of biological C processing appears to be favoured in permeable sediments. The total amount of biologically processed C was greatest in Loch Etive, largely due to greater faunal C uptake, which was in turn a result of higher faunal biomass. When comparing results from this study with a wide range of previously published isotope tracing experiments, we found a strong correlation between total benthic biomass (fauna plus bacteria) and total biological C processing rates. Therefore, we suggest that the total C cycling capacity of benthic environments is primarily determined by total biomass.

scholarly journals Quantifying biologically and physically induced flow and tracer dynamics in permeable sediments

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. R. Meysman ◽  
O. S. Galaktionov ◽  
P. L. M. Cook ◽  
F. Janssen ◽  
M. Huettel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sandy Sediments

Abstract. Insight in the biogeochemistry and ecology of sandy sediments crucially depends on a quantitative description of pore water flow and the associated transport of various solutes and particles. We show that widely different problems can be modelled by the same flow and tracer equations. The principal difference between model applications concerns the geometry of the sediment-water interface and the pressure conditions that are specified along this boundary. We illustrate this commonality with four different case studies. These include biologically and physically induced pore water flows, as well as simplified laboratory set-ups versus more complex field-like conditions: [1] lugworm bio-irrigation in laboratory set-up, [2] interaction of bio-irrigation and groundwater seepage on a tidal flat, [3] pore water flow induced by rotational stirring in benthic chambers, and [4] pore water flow induced by unidirectional flow over a ripple sequence. The same two example simulations are performed in all four cases: (a) the time-dependent spreading of an inert tracer in the pore water, and (b) the computation of the steady-state distribution of oxygen in the sediment. Overall, our model comparison indicates that model development for sandy sediments is promising, but within an early stage. Clear challenges remain in terms of model development, model validation, and model implementation.

scholarly journals Quantifying biologically and physically induced flow and tracer dynamics in permeable sediments

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1809-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. R. Meysman ◽  
O. S. Galaktionov ◽  
P. L. M. Cook ◽  
F. Janssen ◽  
M. Huettel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Insight in the biogeochemistry and ecology of sandy sediments crucially depends on a quantitative description of pore water flow and the associated transport of various solutes and particles. Here, we compare and analyse existing models of tracer dynamics in permeable sediments. We show that all models can be derived from a generic backbone, consisting of the same flow and tracer equations. The principal difference between model applications concerns the geometry of the sediment-water interface and the pressure conditions that are specified along this boundary. We illustrate this commonality with four different case studies. These include biologically and physically induced pore water flows, as well as simplified laboratory set-ups versus more complex field-like conditions: [1] lugworm bio-irrigation in laboratory set-up, [2] interaction of bio-irrigation and groundwater seepage on a tidal flat, [3] pore water flow induced by rotational stirring in benthic chambers, and [4] pore water flow induced by unidirectional flow over a ripple sequence. To illustrate the potential of the generic model approach, the same two example simulations are performed in all four cases: (a) the time-dependent spreading of an inert tracer in the pore water, and (b) the computation of the steady-state distribution of oxygen in the sediment. Overall, our model comparison indicates that model development is promising, but within an early stage. Clear challenges remain in terms of model development, model validation, and model implementation.

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