Large CO 2 release and tidal flushing in salt marsh crab burrows reduce the potential for blue carbon sequestration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xiao ◽  
Alicia M. Wilson ◽  
Hailong Li ◽  
Isaac R. Santos ◽  
Joseph Tamborski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Tidal Flushing

scholarly journals Brazilian Mangroves: Blue Carbon Hotspots of National and Global Relevance to Natural Climate Solutions

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre S. Rovai ◽  
Robert R. Twilley ◽  
Thomas A. Worthington ◽  
Pablo Riul
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Natural Climate

Mangroves are known for large carbon stocks and high sequestration rates in biomass and soils, making these intertidal wetlands a cost-effective strategy for some nations to compensate for a portion of their carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, few countries have the national-level inventories required to support the inclusion of mangroves into national carbon credit markets. This is the case for Brazil, home of the second largest mangrove area in the world but lacking an integrated mangrove carbon inventory that captures the diversity of coastline types and climatic zones in which mangroves are present. Here we reviewed published datasets to derive the first integrated assessment of carbon stocks, carbon sequestration rates and potential CO2eq emissions across Brazilian mangroves. We found that Brazilian mangroves hold 8.5% of the global mangrove carbon stocks (biomass and soils combined). When compared to other Brazilian vegetated biomes, mangroves store up to 4.3 times more carbon in the top meter of soil and are second in biomass carbon stocks only to the Amazon forest. Moreover, organic carbon sequestration rates in Brazilian mangroves soils are 15–30% higher than recent global estimates; and integrated over the country’s area, they account for 13.5% of the carbon buried in world’s mangroves annually. Carbon sequestration in Brazilian mangroves woody biomass is 10% of carbon accumulation in mangrove woody biomass globally. Our study identifies Brazilian mangroves as a major global blue carbon hotspot and suggest that their loss could potentially release substantial amounts of CO2. This research provides a robust baseline for the consideration of mangroves into strategies to meet Brazil’s intended Nationally Determined Contributions.

scholarly journals Improving Estimates of Coastal Carbon Sequestration

Eos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Tidal Marsh ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Model Approach

A new two-model approach could reduce uncertainties in calculated rates of “blue carbon” accumulation within soils of seagrass, tidal marsh, and mangrove habitats.

Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge Marsh Restoration & Shoreline Resilience Project – A Carbon Sequestration Case Study in the Coastal Zone 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aspen Tabar ◽  
Susan Guiteras ◽  
Jeff Tabar
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Delaware Bay ◽  
National Wildlife Refuge ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Marsh Restoration ◽  
Wildlife Refuge

<p>Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge and its adjacent water bodies are important natural features along western Delaware Bay, USA. Historically salt and brackish marsh habitats, portions of the Refuge were diked and managed as freshwater impoundments starting in the early 1980s. Over the past decade, some of these impoundments have reverted to saline conditions, largely due to several storm events (including Hurricane Sandy in 2012) that have caused flooding, erosion, and opened several breaches between the Refuge and Delaware Bay. Because of these significant morphologic changes, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) completed a series of surveys, numerical modeling using Delft3D and coastal engineering analyses to aid in developing restoration alternatives for managing the Refuge and its marshlands. This work will review the results of the strategic planning used to recommend a preferred restoration alternative for managing the Refuge under the new environmental regime aimed at resilience. As a result of this effort, a project for restoring and managing the Refuge was recommended and constructed in 2018. Total cost of the project was $40 million US and was the largest restoration/recovery project authorized to address the impacts of Hurricane Sandy.</p><p>The project included two major components: 1) shoreline reconstruction and 2) marsh restoration.  The shoreline reconstruction portion of the project included placing approximately 1.2 million cubic meters of sand from an offshore borrow area along the shoreline to reconstruction a 12 m wide dune, 45 m beach berm and 30 m back-bay marsh platform (essentially rebuilding the entire barrier island). In addition, the project included a major marsh restoration effort including dredging 48 km of conveyance channels and “thin layer” disposal of 460,000 cubic meters of sediment to create 2,000 hectares of salt marsh.</p><p>Herein will present findings from an analysis using monitoring data and observations to evaluate converting freshwater wetlands to saltwater marshes and the resulting increase in carbon sequestration. As tidal marshes are restored, harmful emissions decline as the project site transforms from a freshwater to a saltwater environment. Therefore, carbon is stored in the soils more readily under tidal marsh conditions. The findings will show the increase in carbon sequestration as a result of the vegetation community response and discuss future projections.  Methodologies used for identifying vegetation community response included:</p><ul><li>Salt Marsh Integrity (SMI) and Saltmarsh Habitat & Avian Research Program (SHARP)</li> <li>Mid-Atlantic Tidal Rapid Assessment Method (MidTRAM)</li> <li>Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)</li> </ul><p>This work will show the importance of incorporating coastal restoration projects and carbon sequestration into policies and management in the coastal zone.</p>

scholarly journals Groundwater‐Driven Methane Export Reduces Salt Marsh Blue Carbon Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Schutte ◽  
W. S. Moore ◽  
A. M. Wilson ◽  
S. B. Joye
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Carbon Potential ◽  
Blue Carbon

scholarly journals Seagrass Restoration Enhances “Blue Carbon” Sequestration in Coastal Waters

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e72469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill T. Greiner ◽  
Karen J. McGlathery ◽  
John Gunnell ◽  
Brent A. McKee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Seagrass Restoration

Sediment microbes mediate the impact of nutrient loading on blue carbon sequestration by mixed seagrass meadows

2017 ◽  
Vol 599-600 ◽  
pp. 1479-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songlin Liu ◽  
Zhijian Jiang ◽  
Jingping Zhang ◽  
Yunchao Wu ◽  
Xiaoping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sediment Microbes
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