Impact of CO2on the elemental composition of the particulate and dissolved organic matter of marine diatoms emerged after nitrate depletion

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1924-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Sugie ◽  
Takeshi Yoshimura ◽  
Masahide Wakita
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Marine Diatoms ◽  
Nitrate Depletion

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Nebulization for the Elemental Analysis of Microgram-Level Samples with Offline Aerosol Mass Spectrometry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. O'Brien ◽  
Kelsey J. Ridley ◽  
Manjula R. Canagaratna ◽  
John T. Jayne ◽  
Philip L. Croteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Elemental Ratios ◽  
Ultrasonic Nebulization ◽  
Organic Mixtures ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Complex Organic

Abstract. The elemental composition of organic material in environmental samples – including atmospheric organic aerosol, dissolved organic matter, and other complex mixtures – provides insights into their sources and environmental processing. However, standard analytical techniques for measuring elemental ratios typically require large sample sizes (milligrams of material or more). Here we characterize a method for measuring elemental ratios in environmental samples, requiring only micrograms of material, using a Small Volume Nebulizer (SVN). The technique uses ultrasonic nebulization of samples to generate aerosol particles (100–300 nm diameter), which are then analyzed using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). We demonstrate that the technique generates aerosol from complex organic mixtures with minimal changes to the elemental composition of the organic and that quantification is possible using internal standards (e.g., NH415NO3). Sample volumes of 2–4 uL with total solution concentrations of at least 0.2–g/L form sufficient particle mass for elemental ratio measurement by the AMS, despite only a small fraction (~ 0.1 %) of the sample forming fine particles while the remainder end up as larger droplets. The method was applied to aerosol filter extracts from the field and laboratory, as well as to dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the North Pacific Ocean. In the case of aerosol particles, the mass spectra and elemental ratios from the SVN-AMS agree with those from online AMS sampling; similarly, for DOM, the elemental ratios determined from the SVN-AMS agree with those determined using combustion analysis. The SVN-AMS provides a platform for the rapid quantitative analysis of the elemental composition of complex organic mixtures and non-refractory inorganic salts from microgram samples with applications that include analysis of aerosol extracts, and terrestrial and atmospheric dissolved organic matter.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic nebulization for the elemental analysis of microgram-level samples with offline aerosol mass spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1659-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. O'Brien ◽  
Kelsey J. Ridley ◽  
Manjula R. Canagaratna ◽  
John T. Jayne ◽  
Philip L. Croteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Elemental Ratios ◽  
Ultrasonic Nebulization ◽  
Organic Mixtures ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Complex Organic

Abstract. The elemental composition of organic material in environmental samples – including atmospheric organic aerosol, dissolved organic matter, and other complex mixtures – provides insights into their sources and environmental processing. However, standard analytical techniques for measuring elemental ratios typically require large sample sizes (milligrams of material or more). Here we characterize a method for measuring elemental ratios in environmental samples, requiring only micrograms of material, using a small-volume nebulizer (SVN). The technique uses ultrasonic nebulization of samples to generate aerosol particles (100–300 nm diameter), which are then analyzed using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). We demonstrate that the technique generates aerosol from complex organic mixtures with minimal changes to the elemental composition of the organic material and that quantification is possible using internal standards (e.g., NH415NO3). Sample volumes of 2–4 µL with total solution concentrations of at least 0.2 g L−1 form sufficient particle mass for elemental ratio measurement by the AMS, despite only a small fraction (∼ 0.1 %) of the sample forming fine particles after nebulization (with the remainder ending up as larger droplets). The method was applied to aerosol filter extracts from the field and laboratory, as well as to the polysaccharide fraction of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the North Pacific Ocean. In the case of aerosol particles, the mass spectra and elemental ratios from the SVN–AMS agree with those from online AMS sampling. Similarly, for DOM, the elemental ratios determined from the SVN–AMS agree with those determined using combustion analysis. The SVN–AMS provides a platform for the rapid quantitative analysis of the elemental composition of complex organic mixtures and non-refractory inorganic salts from microgram samples with applications that include analysis of aerosol extracts and terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric dissolved organic matter.

scholarly journals Elemental composition and optical properties reveal changes in dissolved organic matter along a permafrost thaw chronosequence in a subarctic peatland

2016 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne B. Hodgkins ◽  
Malak M. Tfaily ◽  
David C. Podgorski ◽  
Carmody K. McCalley ◽  
Scott R. Saleska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Permafrost Thaw
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