Interactive effects of ultraviolet radiation and thermal stress on two reef-building corals

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Courtial ◽  
Stéphane Roberty ◽  
J.Malcolm Shick ◽  
Fanny Houlbrèque ◽  
Christine Ferrier-Pagès
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Interactive Effects

scholarly journals Independent and interactive effects of thermal stress and mental fatigue on manual dexterity

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (6) ◽  
pp. R703-R711
Author(s):  
Alessandro Valenza ◽  
Harry Charlier ◽  
Antonino Bianco ◽  
Davide Filingeri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Manual Task ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Manual Tasks

Many occupations and sports require high levels of manual dexterity under thermal stress and mental fatigue. Yet, multistressor studies remain scarce. We quantified the interactive effects of thermal stress and mental fatigue on manual dexterity. Seven males (21.1 ± 1.3 yr) underwent six separate 60-min trials characterized by a combination of three air temperatures (hot, 37°C; neutral, 21°C; cold, 7°C) and two mental fatigue states (MF, mental fatigue induced by a 35-min cognitive battery; no-MF, no mental fatigue). Participants performed complex (O’Connor test) and simple (hand-tool test) manual tasks pre- and posttrial to determine stressor-induced performance changes. We monitored participants’ rectal temperature and hand skin temperature (Thand) continuously and assessed the reaction time (hand-click test) and subjective mental fatigue (5-point scale). Thermal stress ( P < 0.0001), but not mental fatigue ( P = 0.290), modulated Thand (heat, +3.3°C [95% CI: +0.2, +6.5]; cold, −7.5°C [−10.7, −4.4]). Mental fatigue ( P = 0.021), but not thermal stress ( P = 0.646), slowed the reaction time (∼10%) and increased subjective fatigue. Thermal stress and mental fatigue had an interactive effect on the complex manual task ( P = 0.040), with cold-no-MF decreasing the performance by −22% [−39, −5], whereas neutral-MF, cold-MF, and heat-MF by −36% [−53, −19], −34% [−52, −17], and −36% [−53, −19], respectively. Only mental fatigue decreased the performance in the simple manual task (−30% [−43, −16] across all thermal conditions; P = 0.002). Cold stress-induced impairments in complex manipulation increase with mental fatigue; yet combined stressors’ effects are no greater than those of mental fatigue alone, which also impairs simple manipulation. Mental fatigue poses a greater challenge to manual dexterity than thermal stress.

Interactive effects of neonicotinoids and natural ultraviolet radiation on yellow perch (Perca flavescens) larvae

2019 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 690-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Paquet-Walsh ◽  
Andrea Bertolo ◽  
Catherine Landry ◽  
Lucas Deschamps ◽  
Monique Boily
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Interactive Effects

scholarly journals Interactive effects of phosphorus loads and ambient ultraviolet radiation on the algal community in a high-mountain lake

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Delgado-Molina ◽  
P. Carrillo ◽  
J. M. Medina-Sanchez ◽  
M. Villar-Argaiz ◽  
F. J. Bullejos
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Mountain Lake ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
High Mountain Lake ◽  
Phosphorus Loads

scholarly journals Interactive effects of ultraviolet radiation and salinity on the ecophysiology of two Arctic red algae from shallow waters

Polar Biology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Karsten ◽  
Angelika Dummermuth ◽  
Kirsten Hoyer ◽  
Christian Wiencke
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Shallow Waters

Short-term interactive effects of ultraviolet radiation, carbon dioxide and nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton in a shallow coastal lagoon

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita B. Domingues ◽  
Cátia C. Guerra ◽  
Helena M. Galvão ◽  
Vanda Brotas ◽  
Ana B. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals The role of turbulent hydrodynamics and surface morphology on heat and mass transfer in corals

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (149) ◽  
pp. 20180448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Stocking ◽  
Christian Laforsch ◽  
Robert Sigl ◽  
Matthew A. Reidenbach
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Transfer Rates

Corals require efficient heat and mass transfer with the overlying water column to support key biological processes, such as nutrient uptake and mitigation of thermal stress. Transfer rates are primarily determined by flow conditions, coral morphology and the physics of the resulting fluid–structure interaction, yet the relationship among these parameters is poorly understood especially for wave-dominated coral habitats. To investigate the interactive effects of these factors on fluxes of heat and mass, we measure hydrodynamic characteristics in situ over three distinct surface morphologies of massive stony corals in a Panamanian reef. Additionally, we implement a numerical model of flow and thermal transport for both current and wave conditions past a natural coral surface, as well as past three simplified coral morphologies with varying ratios of surface roughness spacing-to-height. We find oscillatory flow enhances rates of heat and mass transfer by 1.2–2.0× compared with unidirectional flow. Additionally, increases in Reynolds number and in surface roughness ratio produce up to a 3.3× and a 2.0× enhancement, respectively. However, as waves begin to dominate the flow regime relative to unidirectional currents, the underlying physical mechanisms mediating transfer rates shift from predominantly turbulence-driven to greater control by inertial accelerations, resulting in larger heat and mass transfer for small surface roughness ratios. We show that for rough corals in wave-dominated flows, novel trade-off dynamics for heat and mass transfer exist between broadly spaced roughness that enhances turbulence production versus narrowly spaced roughness that produces greater surface area. These findings have important implications for differential survivorship during heat-induced coral bleaching, particularly as thermal stress events become increasingly common with global climate change.

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