Application of the non-invasive FT-NIR spectroscopy method to determine the body fat content in humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hormoz Azizian ◽  
John K.G. Kramer ◽  
Andrea R. Josse
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spectroscopy Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Body Fat Content

Seasonal Changes of Fat Content in the Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) of Two Laurentian Lakes

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2214-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Newsome ◽  
Gérard Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Males And Females

Different body fat reserves in male and female yellow perch (Perca flavescens) may determine a marked differential mortality during the winter. This was revealed by a study in two Laurentian lakes of the Province of Quebec harboring stunted yellow perch with a marked predominance of males. The proportion of females in each year-class is markedly smaller, thus suggesting a higher mortality among immature and mature females than among males.In an attempt to explain the differential mortality, the seasonal variation of body fat content in males and females was measured; also the fat level at time of death caused by starvation under laboratory conditions was determined. The results showed that in the females the body fat content falls to a critical level of about 2% at least 4 mo before spawning, whereas the males maintain a fat level of almost 5% throughout winter.

scholarly journals Effect of Eight-Week Training Programme on V02 Max and Body Composition

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Kim Geok SOH ◽  
Ruby HUSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of the study was to determine the maximal oxygen consumption (V02 max) and the body fat content in Malaysian national junior netball players and the impact of an eight-week aerobic and strength-training programme on these two variables. A total of 21 netball players (mean age of 16.12±1.55 years old) from Bukit Jalil Sports School were the subjects used. The 12-minute Run was used to determine the V02 max while the body composition was calculated using the skinfold method. Pre-test and post-test results showed significant improvement in the V02 max and body fat content among the netball players. The Z value for the V02 max test was -3.25 (p

Physical Characteristics of Malaysian Netball Players in Relation to Playing Skill

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Kim Geok SOH ◽  
Ruby HUSAIN ◽  
Kim Lam SOH
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Body Fat Content

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This study sought to document the physical characteristics of top Malaysian netball players by their playing skill. The variables measured were age, height, body mass, body fat and somototype. Thirty-two national players (mean age 18.19 ± 3.86 years) were assessed, divided into three groups by their playing skill (senior/elite, junior and reserve). The body fat content was determined by the skinfold method and their somatotype using the Heath Carter Somatotyping method. There were no significant differences in the physical characteristics between the players by playing skill. The players were predominantly ecto-endomorphic with a mean somatotype of 6.12±1.42 - 2.38±1.05 - 2.71±1.38. Their height and body mass were 170.80±4.61 cm and 64.44±7.46 kg, respectively. Female national Australian and English netball players had a body fat of 28.90±3.50% (Wither & Roberts, 1981) and 24.50±3.90% (Bale & Hunt, 1986) respectively, while the Malaysian players in this study 24.50 ± 5.13%. 本文旨在探討馬來西亞女子投球選手的身體特徵與技術，並與同類研究進行比較及分析。

Mice with experimental colitis show an altered metabolism with decreased metabolic rate

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. G165-G172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Melgar ◽  
Mikael Bjursell ◽  
Anna-Karin Gerdin ◽  
Lennart Svensson ◽  
Erik Michaëlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Body Fat Content

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suffer from body weight loss, malnutrition, and several other metabolic alterations affecting their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic changes that may occur during acute and chronic colonic inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Clinical symptoms and inflammatory markers revealed the presence of an ongoing inflammatory response in the DSS-treated mice. Mice with acute inflammation had decreased body weight, respiratory exchange ratios (RER), food intake, and body fat content. Mice with chronic inflammation had decreased nutrient uptake, body fat content, locomotor activity, metabolic rates, and bone mineral density. Despite this, the body weight, food and water intake, lean mass, and RER of these mice returned to values similar to those in healthy controls. Thus, murine experimental colitis is associated with significant metabolic alterations similar to IBD patients. Our data show that the metabolic responses during acute and chronic inflammation are different, although the metabolic rate is reduced in both phases. These observations suggest compensatory metabolic alterations in chronic colitis resulting in a healthy appearance despite gross colon pathology.

scholarly journals Anthropometric studies on African athletes who participated in the 1st African University Games

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Watson ◽  
D. Y. Dako
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
Triceps Skinfold Thickness

1. Height, weight, skinfold thicknesses and mid-arm circumference were measured in 540 males and 117 females aged 20-24 years who took part in the 1st African University Games, held at the University of Ghana, Legon. Body fat content, Quetelet's index (weight ÷ height × 100; Khosla & Lowe (1967)) and mid-arm muscle circumference were derived from the measurements taken.2. The physique or body-build of the subjects as assessed by Quetelet's index showed that both male and female subjects from the various countries were of medium body-build. The body fat content for males was between 10 and 12% with the exception of the Egyptians (12.8%) while that of females was between 23-24%.3. Body measurements of the subjects compared favourably with that of international standards (WHO, 1966) with the exception of the triceps skinfold thickness which was only approximately 60% of the standard value.4. The low values for triceps skinfold thickness are probably due to differences in the distribution of subcutaneous fat at different sites in the body as found between caucasian and non-caucasian population groups. The results are discussed in relation to the findings of other workers on ethnic differences in skinfold thickness.

scholarly journals Somatotype and Body Fat Percentages among Malaysian Female Basketball Players

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Kim Geok SOH ◽  
Kim Lam SOH
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
The Mean

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.This study sought to determine the somatotype and body fat content of elite Malaysian female basketball players. It also sought to differentiate the somatotype and body fat content by playing position - attack, centre and defence. The somatotype was determined using the Heath Carter Somatotyping method and the body fat content by the skinfold method. Twelve elite female basketball players who represented Malaysia in the 1997 SEA Games were selected as the subjects (mean age of 22.75±2.67 years). It was found that the players were predominantly meso-endomorphic with a mean somatotype of 4.49±1.20-3.45±0.77-2.91±0.89. The centre and defence players had meso-endomorphic bodies, but the attack players endo-mosomorphic bodies. The mean body fat content was 19.68%±4.93. The defence were the fattest, followed by the centre and attack players. Female American basketball players have a body fat content of 10 to 16% while the Malaysian players in this study 10% to 26%.本文旨在探討馬來西亞女子籃球選手的體型及體脂比例，並分析球員的位置，結果顯示：防守球員偏向接近肌肉型，脂肪比例平均為19.68%±4.93，對比美國籃球員而言，馬來西亞選手的體脂較高。

scholarly journals Serum immunoreactive leptin concentration and its relation to the body fat content in chronic renal failure.

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1423-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Heimbürger ◽  
F Lönnqvist ◽  
A Danielsson ◽  
J Nordenström ◽  
P Stenvinkel
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Healthy Control

Leptin, secreted from fat cells, functions as a lipostat mechanism through modulation of satiety signals. The role of leptin in humans has been only partly revealed. However, obese patients have markedly elevated levels of this hormone, and in both normal-weight and obese subjects there is a direct correlation between serum leptin levels and the percentage of body fat. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of leptin and its relation to body fat content in chronic renal failure (CRF), a disorder associated with decreased appetite. Serum leptin levels and body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) were measured in a cohort of 59 patients with terminal CRF (creatinine clearance rate, 8 +/- 1 ml/min). Sixteen of the patients were re-evaluated after 12 mo of peritoneal dialysis treatment, and eight patients were re-evaluated after 12 mo of hemodialysis treatment. The mean serum leptin concentrations were markedly higher (mean +/- SEM) in patients with CRF than in healthy control subjects matched for gender and body mass index (25.7 +/- 5.2 ng/ml versus 8.4 +/- 0.9 ng/ml; P < 0.001). Patients with ongoing signs of inflammation (C-reactive protein > 10 mg/L) demonstrated higher serum leptin levels (41.9 +/- 13.7 ng/ml versus 18.6 +/- 4.2 ng/ml; P < 0.05) than patients with normal C-reactive protein. A strong positive correlation (rho = 0.83; P < 0.0001) was found between serum leptin concentrations and the percentage of body fat. After 12 mo of peritoneal dialysis, the amount of body fat increased markedly (19.0 +/- 1.5 to 25.1 +/- 2.2 kg; P < 0.001), and the changes in serum leptin concentrations correlated significantly (rho = 0.69; P < 0.01) to the changes in the body fat content. In contrast, no significant changes in either body fat content or serum leptin levels were recorded in the eight patients that were re-evaluated after 12 mo of hemodialysis. Serum leptin concentrations are approximately three times higher in patients with CRF compared with healthy control subjects with a similar body mass index. In this study, it is also demonstrated that serum leptin is a good marker for the body fat content in CRF patients and correlates strongly to changes in body fat during 12 mo of peritoneal dialysis. These findings suggest that serum leptin could serve as a valuable clinical marker for the body fat content in patients with CRF. Further studies are needed to verify the hypothesis that increased serum leptin concentrations may contribute to uremic anorexia.

Leptin responsiveness and gene dosage for leptin receptor mutation (fa) in newborn rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. E836-E842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Kraeft ◽  
Knut Schwarzer ◽  
Sandra Eiden ◽  
Barbara Nuesslein-Hildesheim ◽  
Gerald Preibisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Plasma Leptin

To determine the degree to which the leptin receptor mutation ( fa) influences the responsiveness to leptin during the first postnatal week, we injected recombinant leptin (600 pmol ⋅ g−1 ⋅ day−1sc from day 1 to day 7) into wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/ fa), and fatty ( fa/fa) rat pups. Growth and final body fat content of these leptin-treated pups were compared with those of saline-treated littermates of the same genotype. The body mass of the leptin-treated +/+ pups, but not that of the +/ fa and fa/fa pups, increased more slowly than that of their respective controls, and fat content at day 7was reduced by 37% in +/+ pups, by 22% in +/ fa pups, but not at all in fa/fa pups. Plasma leptin remained excessively high throughout the day under this treatment, but a 30-fold lower leptin dose, causing only moderate changes of plasma leptin, still reduced the body fat of +/+ pups significantly. We conclude that leptin participates in the control of even the earliest stages of fat deposition and that the response to supraphysiological doses of leptin is markedly reduced in 1-wk-old pups with one fa allele and absent in pups with two fa alleles.

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