scholarly journals Erosion hazard evaluation for soil conservation planning that sustains life expectancy of A horizon: The Black Soil Region of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Zhang ◽  
Glenn V. Wilson ◽  
Yanfang Hao ◽  
Xiao Han
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Erosion Hazard ◽  
Black Soil Region

scholarly journals Effects of Residue Cover on Infiltration Process of the Black Soil Under Rainfall Simulations

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2593
Author(s):  
Yan Xin ◽  
Yun Xie ◽  
Yuxin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Models

Residue cover is widely used for soil conservation after crop harvesting in the black soil region of the Northeastern China, which influences infiltration. It is necessary to optimize infiltration models for accurate predictions under bare and residue cover slope conditions. Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted to quantify the infiltration for the black soil under four rainfall intensities (30, 60, 90, and 120 mm/h), five residue coverage controls (15%, 35%, 55%, 75%, and bare slope), and two soil moisture (8% and approximately 30%) conditions. The observed data were used to fit and compare four infiltration models by Kostiakov, Mein and Larson (short for GAML, a modification of GreenAmpt model made by Mein and Larson), Horton, and Philip under the bare slope conditions. The residue cover infiltration factor (RCFi) was derived to predict the infiltration under the residue cover slopes, which was defined as the ratio of infiltration from residue-covered soil to that from bare soil. The results showed that the newly derived equation coupling the Philip model with the RCFi was the most accurate way of predicting the cumulative infiltration of black soil under various residue covers, and could be applied to the black soil region for residue cover infiltration predictions.

Characteristic of the zimoseptoria tritici population by virulence in the of the Central Black Soil region of Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Zeleneva J.V. ◽  
◽  
V.P. Sudnikova V.P.
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Intraspecific Structure ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Significant Polymorphism

Based on the analysis of the intraspecific structure of the fungus Zimoseptoria. tritici, it was found that this species has significant polymorphism. Using monogenic wheat lines (Oasis (Stb1), Veranopolis (Stb2), Israel (Stb3), Tadinia (Stb4), CS / Synthetic (Stb5), Estanzuela Federal (Stb7)), the population of Z. tritici in the Central Black Earth region was tested. High heterogeneity of monosporous isolates of Z. tritici by virulence was revealed.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICALLY BASED DISEASE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN BARLEY CULTIVATION IN THE CENTRAL BLACK SOIL REGION

AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Lukin ◽  
Alexander Yeprintsev ◽  
Dmitry Fedorin ◽  
Olga Maraeva ◽  
Sergey Selyavkin
Keyword(s):  
Local Environment ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Species Specific

At present, there are microbiological Bacillus-based products used to preservevaluable micro biota and improving the level of biological soil productivity as wellas sustaining the local environment. The research focuses on discovering how someparticular biological products and autochthonous microorganisms influence theyield capacity of barley grown in the Black-Earth region of Russia. The researchobjectives included a search for autochthonous strains of microorganisms thatimprove resistance to diseases, estimation of how biological products contribute tothe quality of barley seeds, biological products effect on the spread and diseaseresistance and estimation of how biological products enhance the yield capacity ofbarley. The paper describes the results of identification of an autochthonousBacillus strains. PCR diagnostic methods were used to confirm the strain specificorigin of two sample cells extracted from soil (S1 and S2). The study involved theanalysis of micro biota of leached chernozem, which revealed the autochthonousstrain of Bacillus S1 having a germicidal effect. The S1 strain revealed Bacillussubtilis and Bacillus сеreus, while S2 revealed only Bacillus subtilis, as detected bythe method of molecular diagnostics based on using species-specific primers.Biological treatment of the seeds improved their sowing qualities, namely,germination readiness and germination capacity. In addition, it was found out thatsuch treatment improves the resistance to disease affection and spread. Bacillus S1,in particular, reduces the disease affection by 16,5 % and the disease spread 3,5 asmuch. Finally, the experiment demonstrated that biological treatment cancontribute to sustaining healthy environment for the plants and thus increase theiryield capacity.

scholarly journals THE ACCUMULATION OF MICROELEMENTS IN PLANTS OF SPRING RAPE WITH THE USE OF CHICKEN MANURE, AND ZEOLITE

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
О.А. ДУБРОВИНА ◽  
Т.В. ЗУБКОВА ◽  
Д.В. ВИНОГРАДОВ
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Mineral Mixtures

Проблема и цель. Целью исследования являлось изучение влияния различных доз куриного помёта (КП), цеолита (Ц), их смесей и минеральных удобрений на накопление микроэлементов в вегетативных органах растений ярового рапса в различные фазы развития. Методология. Опыт закладывался по следующей схеме: 1) контроль; 2) N60P60K60; 3) Ц 3 т/га; 4) КП 2,5 т/га; 5) КП 5 т/га; 6) КП 10 т/га; 7) N60P60K60 +Ц 3 т/га; 8) КП 2,5 т/га+Ц 3 т/га; 9) КП 5 т/га+Ц 3 т/га; 10) КП 10 т/га+Ц 3 т/га. Содержание микроэлементов меди, марганца, цинка в растениях устанавливали после сухого озоления при температуре 525 ± 25 ºС атомно-абсорбционным методом. Результаты. Результаты опыта показали, что внесение цеолитсодержащей породы Тербунского месторождения способствовало снижению таких микроэлементов как Cu, Zn и Mn в вегетативной массе рапса на протяжении всего периода развития растений. На опытных участках с использованием органо-минеральных смесей (КП 2,5 т/га + Ц 3 т/га, КП 5 т/га + Ц 3 т/га , КП 10 т/га + Ц 3 т/га) выявлена активная адсорбция цеолитсодержащей породы Тербунского месторождения по отношению к Zn, которая способствовала снижению элемента в вегетативной массе рапса в вариантах опыта на протяжении всего периода вегетации растений. Заключение. Следовательно, проведённые исследования позволяют рекомендовать возделывание ярового рапса с использованием в качестве удобрений органических отходов совместно с природным цеолитом в условиях лесостепи ЦЧР. Problem and purpose. The purpose of the study was to study the efect of diferent doses of chicken manure (CM), zeolite (Z), their mixtures and mineral fertilizers on the accumulation of trace elements in the vegetative organs of spring rapeseed plants at diferent stages of development. Methodology. The experiment was based on the following scheme: 1) control; 2) N60P60K60; 3) Z 3 t/ha; 4) CM 2.5 t/ha; 5) CM 5 t/ha; 6) CM 10 t/ha; 7) N60P60K60 + Z 3 t/ha; 8) CM 2.5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha; 9) CM 5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha; 10) CM 10 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha. The content of trace elements of copper, manganese and zinc in plants was determined after dry salting at a temperature of 525 ± 25° C by atomic absorption. Results. The results of the experiment showed that the introduction of zeolite-containing rocks ofTerbunsky Deposit contributed to the reduction of such microelements as Cu, Zn and Mn in the vegetative mass of rapeseed throughout the entire period of plant development. Active adsorption of the zeolite-containing rock of Terbunsky Deposit in relation to Zn was revealed in the experimental plots using organo-mineral mixtures (CM 2.5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha, CM 5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha, CM 10 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha), which contributed to a decrease in the element in the vegetative mass of rapeseed in the experimental variants throughout the entire vegetation period of plants. Conclusion. Therefore, the conducted research allows to recommend the cultivation of spring rapeseed with the use of organic waste as fertilizers together with natural zeolite in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Central Black Soil Region

scholarly journals Object-Based Mapping of Gullies Using Optical Images: A Case Study in the Black Soil Region, Northeast of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biwei Wang ◽  
Zengxiang Zhang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Zhao ◽  
Ling Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Image Feature ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Light Gradient ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Object Based

Gully erosion is a widespread natural hazard. Gully mapping is critical to erosion monitoring and the control of degraded areas. The analysis of high-resolution remote sensing images (HRI) and terrain data mixed with developed object-based methods and field verification has been certified as a good solution for automatic gully mapping. Considering the availability of data, we used only open-source optical images (Google Earth images) to identify gully erosion through image feature modeling based on OBIA (Object-Based Image Analysis) in this paper. A two-end extrusion method using the optimal machine learning algorithm (Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM)) and eCognition software was applied for the automatic extraction of gullies at a regional scale in the black soil region of Northeast China. Due to the characteristics of optical images and the design of the method, unmanaged gullies and gullies harnessed in non-forest areas were the objects of extraction. Moderate success was achieved in the absence of terrain data. According to independent validation, the true overestimation ranged from 20% to 30% and was mainly caused by land use types with high erosion risks, such as bare land and farm lanes being falsely classified as gullies. An underestimation of less than 40% was adjacent to the correctly extracted gullied areas. The results of extraction in regions with geographical object categories of a low complexity were usually more satisfactory. The overall performance demonstrates that the present method is feasible for gully mapping at a regional scale, with high automation, low cost, and acceptable accuracy.

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