What is the Right Treatment for Adults With Unilateral Deafness?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany P. Hwa ◽  
Jason A. Brant ◽  
Steven J. Eliades ◽  
Michael J. Ruckenstein
Keyword(s):  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals The Effect of Long-Term Unilateral Deafness on Auditory Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 570-578
Author(s):  
Min Young Kwak ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Hyeon Sik Oh ◽  
Yong-Hwi An ◽  
Jong Ho Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Deprivation ◽  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
Auditory Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Auditory Process

Background and Objectives We investigated whether there are differences in auditory performance between the healthy ears of subjects with unilateral deafness (UD) and the control ears of subjects with normal hearing (NH) in both ears.Subjects and Method Sixteen subjects with acquired UD and 16 subjects with NH thresholds for both ears were enrolled. We compared the auditory performance of UD group and control group with NH in both ears.Results We found no meaningful differences in the three measures of psychoacoustic performance between the total healthy ears of subjects with UD and the ears of the control group. However, in the subgroup comparison, the left ears of subjects with right UD showed significantly poorer spectral-ripple discrimination (SRD) than the right ears of the subjects with left UD (<i>p</i>=0.006) and the ears of control subjects with NH (<i>p</i>=0.004).Conclusion Our findings indicate that after unilateral auditory deprivation, auditory processing is differentially affected by the side involved. In the subjects with acquired UD, the longterm hearing deprivation on the right side induced the down-regulation of central auditory process for SRD, but hearing deprivation on the left side did not affect SRD.

scholarly journals Ear-Specific Hemispheric Asymmetry in Unilateral Deafness Revealed by Auditory Cortical Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hye Han ◽  
Jihyun Lee ◽  
Hyo-Jeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Profound unilateral deafness reduces the ability to localize sounds achieved via binaural hearing. Furthermore, unilateral deafness promotes a substantial change in cortical processing to binaural stimulation, thereby leading to reorganization over the whole brain. Although distinct patterns in the hemispheric laterality depending on the side and duration of deafness have been suggested, the neurological mechanisms underlying the difference in relation to behavioral performance when detecting spatially varied cues remain unknown. To elucidate the mechanism, we compared N1/P2 auditory cortical activities and the pattern of hemispheric asymmetry of normal hearing, unilaterally deaf (UD), and simulated acute unilateral hearing loss groups while passively listening to speech sounds delivered from different locations under open free field condition. The behavioral performances of the participants concerning sound localization were measured by detecting sound sources in the azimuth plane. The results reveal a delayed reaction time in the right-sided UD (RUD) group for the sound localization task and prolonged P2 latency compared to the left-sided UD (LUD) group. Moreover, the RUD group showed adaptive cortical reorganization evidenced by increased responses in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the intact ear for individuals with better sound localization whereas left-sided unilateral deafness caused contralateral dominance in activity from the hearing ear. The brain dynamics of right-sided unilateral deafness indicate greater capability of adaptive change to compensate for impairment in spatial hearing. In addition, cortical N1 responses to spatially varied speech sounds in unilateral deaf people were inversely related to the duration of deafness in the area encompassing the right auditory cortex, indicating that early intervention would be needed to protect from maladaptation of the central auditory system following unilateral deafness.

scholarly journals Cortical Reorganization in Unilateral Deafness Revealed by Auditory Evoked Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hye Han ◽  
Jihyun Lee ◽  
Hyo-Jeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Hemispheric Lateralization ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
The Right ◽  
Acute Hearing Loss

Abstract Profound unilateral deafness reduces the ability to detect the location of sounds, which is achieved with binaural hearing. Furthermore, the findings from previous studies have shown that unilateral deafness can cause a substantial change in the pattern of cortical activation, thereby leading to central reorganization in the whole brain. In the present study, we compared N1/P2 auditory cortical activities and the pattern of hemispheric asymmetry of normal hearing, unilaterally deaf, and simulated acute unilateral hearing loss groups during passively listening to speech sounds at different locations. The results show that P2 latencies were prolonged for left-side stimulation with greater angles in the horizontal plane. In the source analysis, a differential lateralization pattern was revealed such that the N1 source activation in the normal hearing subjects was greater in the left hemisphere, while contralateral activity was found in response to the stimulated side for the right-sided deaf and simulated acute hearing loss groups. However, no hemispheric lateralization was found for the left-sided deaf or simulated acute hearing loss groups. In addition, the cortical N1/P2 activities were inversely related to the duration of deafness in the right auditory region. These findings indicate that the cortical reorganization induced by monaural hearing deprivation differs depending on the side and duration of deafness.

Sudden Deafnfess of Vascular Origin: A Human Temporal Bone Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gussen
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Stria Vascularis ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Spiral Ligament ◽  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Bones

Temporal bone changes are described in a 57-year-old man who had sudden onset of dizziness and unilateral deafness two months before death. The patient suffered from hypertension, and congestive and renal failure. At autopsy, subarachnoid hemorrhage with punctate cortical hemorrhages and arteriolar thickening involved the right superior cerebellar hemisphere. The pathological changes involved primarily the right cochlea, saccule and posterior ampulla, and were consistent with vascular embarrassment of the temporal bone of two months duration. The cochlea demonstrated total loss of the organ of Corti and severe degenerative changes of the stria vascularis, spiral ligament, outer sulcus cells and distal cochlear nerve fibers. The saccule demonstrated loss of its macula and nerve fibers. The posterior ampulla showed evidence of previous rupture of its membranous wall with fibrosis and beginning bone formation. Fresh hemorrhage, present in some areas of both temporal bones, was related to the patient's terminal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

Study of charge transfer in FeTi

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
J. Taft∅
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Charge Distribution ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Periodic System ◽  
Electron Distribution ◽  
Scattering Amplitude ◽  
Transition Elements ◽  
Hartree Fock ◽  
Cscl Structure ◽  
The Right

It is well known that for reflections corresponding to large interplanar spacings (i.e., sin θ/λ small), the electron scattering amplitude, f, is sensitive to the ionicity and to the charge distribution around the atoms. We have used this in order to obtain information about the charge distribution in FeTi, which is a candidate for storage of hydrogen. Our goal is to study the changes in electron distribution in the presence of hydrogen, and also the ionicity of hydrogen in metals, but so far our study has been limited to pure FeTi. FeTi has the CsCl structure and thus Fe and Ti scatter with a phase difference of π into the 100-ref lections. Because Fe (Z = 26) is higher in the periodic system than Ti (Z = 22), an immediate “guess” would be that Fe has a larger scattering amplitude than Ti. However, relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations show that the opposite is the case for the 100-reflection. An explanation for this may be sought in the stronger localization of the d-electrons of the first row transition elements when moving to the right in the periodic table. The tabulated difference between fTi (100) and ffe (100) is small, however, and based on the values of the scattering amplitude for isolated atoms, the kinematical intensity of the 100-reflection is only 5.10-4 of the intensity of the 200-reflection.

New Dimensions in Freeze-Etching

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 202-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Michael Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Aluminum Specimen ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
The Right

A redesigned specimen holder and cap have made possible the freeze-etching of both fracture surfaces of a frozen fractured specimen. In principal, the procedure involves freezing a specimen between two specimen holders (as shown in A, Fig. 1, and the left side of Fig. 2). The aluminum specimen holders and brass cap are constructed so that the upper specimen holder can be forced loose, turned over, and pressed down firmly against the specimen stage to a position represented by B, Fig. 1, and the right side of Fig. 2.

Adrenocorticotropin Production by a Mammary Carcinoma

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
K.S. McCarty ◽  
N.R. Wallace ◽  
W. Litaker ◽  
S. Wells ◽  
G. Eisenbarth
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Breast ◽  
Ectopic Acth ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Subcutaneous Metastases ◽  
Ectopic Acth Production ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pituitary Carcinomas

The production of adrenocorticotropic hormone by non-pituitary carcinomas has been documented in several tumors, most frequently small cell carcinoma of the lung, islet cell carcinomas of the pancreas, thymomas and carcinoids. Electron microscopy of these tumors reveals typical membrane-limited "neurosecretory" granules. Confirmation of the granules as adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) requires the use of OsO4 as a primary fixative to give the characteristic cored granule appearance in conjunction with immunohistochemical demonstration of the hormone peptide. Because of the rarity of ectopic ACTH production by mammary carcinomas and the absence of appropriate ultrastructural studies in the two examples of such ectopic hormone production in the literature of which we are aware (1,2), we present biochemical and ultrastructural data from a carcinoma of the breast with apparent ACTH production.The patient had her primary tumor in the right breast in 1969. The tumor recurred as visceral and subcutaneous metastases in 1976 and again in 1977.

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