A Kinetic Study for the Noncatalytic Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-500
Author(s):  
Seok Won Hong ◽  
Hyun Jun Cho ◽  
Jin-Kuk Kim ◽  
Faisal Ahmed ◽  
Yeong-Koo Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

scholarly journals A Catalyst Reusability Study in Palm Fatty Acid Distillate and Glycerol Esterification using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Reaction Kinetics Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo ◽  
Febbie Setyaningrum ◽  
Rochmadi ◽  
Mohammad Fahrurrozi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Catalyst Reusability ◽  
Glycerol Esterification ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

As a byproduct of the physical refinement of crude palm oil, palm fatty acid distillate or PFAD has a potential to be transformed into monoglycerides by means of irreversible esterification with glycerol over a cation exchange resin catalyst. Irreversibility of the esterification can be assured by continuous azeotropic removal of water by adding xylene as an entrainer. Because PFAD-glycerol esterification demands high temperatures for fast conversion and high selectivity of monoglycerides, it is necessary to test catalyst reusability performance. In this research, evaluation of catalyst reusability performance was based on five parameters: free fatty acid conversion, the rate of free fatty acid decomposition, the selectivity of monoglycerides, monoglyceride concentration, and the cation exchange capacity of the catalyst. The cation exchange resin used was Tulsion T-42 SM. The evaluation was conducted using the simple multi-attribute rating technique extended to ranking (SMARTER) method. The results showed that the optimum reaction temperature was 180°C. Ultimately, a kinetic study at 180°C was also performed to model the reaction after using similar catalysts for certain times. This kinetic study revealed that the reaction mechanism changed from Langmuir-Hinshelwood to Eley-Rideal after several cycles of catalyst reuse.  

scholarly journals Characterization of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate of Different Oil Processing Industries of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 897-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Sattar Chang ◽  
Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Kandhro ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar ◽  
Fouzia Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

Appraisal of Biodiesel Prepared Via Acid Catalysis from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 2205-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim M. Lokman ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Bryan R. Moser ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate
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