Space use by white-headed woodpeckers and selection for recent forest disturbances

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1286-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa J. Lorenz ◽  
Kerri T. Vierling ◽  
Jeffrey M. Kozma ◽  
Janet E. Millard ◽  
Martin G. Raphael
Keyword(s):  
Space Use ◽  
Forest Disturbances ◽  
Selection For

Contrasting patterns of residency and space use of coastal sharks within a communal shark nursery

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Z. L. Oh ◽  
Michele Thums ◽  
Russ C. Babcock ◽  
Jessica J. Meeuwig ◽  
Richard D. Pillans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Mobile Species ◽  
Brownian Bridges ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Carcharhinus Melanopterus ◽  
Derived Data

The benefits of marine protected areas are difficult to estimate for mobile species, but their effectiveness can be increased if essential habitats, such as nursery areas, are protected. In the present study we examined movements of juvenile blacktip reef (Carcharhinus melanopterus) and sicklefin lemon (Negaprion acutidens) sharks in a coastal nursery in northern Australia. Telemetry-derived data were modelled using Brownian bridges and overlaid with maps of habitats and no-take zones. Juvenile N. acutidens were typically residents (≥30 days) of the nursery with small areas of core space use (<1.9km2), whereas juvenile C. melanopterus were non-residents (<30 days) and used larger areas (<5.6km2). Both species exhibited positive selection for sandflats and mangroves, and avoidance of deeper lagoonal and slope habitats. Monthly patterns were examined only for resident N. acutidens, and residency decreased with increasing shark length and varied seasonally for males but not females. Space use showed weak declines with increasing tidal range, and slight increases with mean air pressure, rainfall and shark length. Protecting sandflat and vegetated habitats may increase the efficacy of no-take zones for juvenile N. acutidens, because they exhibit residency and affinity to these features. Conversely, such protection will be of limited benefit for juvenile C. melanopterus, because they exhibit low residency and broader movements.

scholarly journals Space use and relative habitat selection for immature green turtles within a Caribbean marine protected area

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas P. Griffin ◽  
Brian J. Smith ◽  
Michael S. Cherkiss ◽  
Andrew G. Crowder ◽  
Clayton G. Pollock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Space use and resource selection of bobcats in the Appalachian Mountains of western Virginia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. McNitt ◽  
Robert S. Alonso ◽  
Michael J. Cherry ◽  
Michael L. Fies ◽  
Marcella J. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Resource Selection ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Order Selection ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Seasonal Shifts

ABSTRACTBobcats are an apex predator and a species of socio-cultural importance in the central Appalachian Mountains. Despite their importance, knowledge of bobcat spatial ecology in the region is sparse. We examined space use and resource selection of bobcats in the Appalachian Mountains of western Virginia during 3 biological seasons: breeding (January-March), kitten-rearing (April-September), and dispersal (October-December). We observed sex effects on all space use metrics, with male seasonal areas of use (SAU) approximately 3 times larger than female SAUs and male movement rates 1.5 times higher than females during all seasons. We found no seasonal effect on SAU size for either sex. Female movement rates increased during the kitten-rearing season, and male movement rates increased during the dispersal season. We examined seasonal bobcat resource selection at 2 hierarchical scales, selection of home ranges within the landscape (2nd order) and selection of locations within home ranges (3rd order). Female bobcats exhibited 2nd order selection for higher elevations and deciduous forest and avoidance of fields. Males exhibited 2nd order selection for higher elevations and fields. Male 2nd order selection appears to be driven largely by the spatial distribution of females, which is mediated through the valley and ridge topography of the study area. Sample size precluded 3rd order analysis for females, however males exhibited 3rd order selection for higher elevations, fields, and deciduous forest. Resource selection patterns varied seasonally for both sexes, possibly driven by seasonal shifts in prey availability. Our findings highlight the importance of forested ridges to bobcats in the region. Our findings also illustrate the differences in space use between sexes, which future research efforts should consider. Further research should investigate seasonal shifts in bobcat prey selection, which may further explain the seasonal resource selection shifts we observed, and highlight potential implications for prey species.

Framework for Selecting Vocabulary for Preliterate Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1009
Author(s):  
Allison Bean ◽  
Lindsey Paden Cargill ◽  
Samantha Lyle
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
School Based ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Nonverbal Children ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Purpose Nearly 50% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide services to school-age children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, many SLPs report having insufficient knowledge in the area of AAC implementation. The objective of this tutorial is to provide clinicians with a framework for supporting 1 area of AAC implementation: vocabulary selection for preliterate children who use AAC. Method This tutorial focuses on 4 variables that clinicians should consider when selecting vocabulary: (a) contexts/environments where the vocabulary can be used, (b) time span during which the vocabulary will be relevant, (c) whether the vocabulary can elicit and maintain interactions with other people, and (d) whether the vocabulary will facilitate developmentally appropriate grammatical structures. This tutorial focuses on the role that these variables play in language development in verbal children with typical development, verbal children with language impairment, and nonverbal children who use AAC. Results Use of the 4 variables highlighted above may help practicing SLPs select vocabulary that will best facilitate language acquisition in preliterate children who use AAC.

Teaching Partners to Support Communication for Adults with Acquired Communication Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Ball ◽  
Joanne Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Communication Impairment ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Communication Partners ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
End Of Life Communication ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract For adults with acquired communication impairment, particularly those who have communication disorders associated with stroke or neurodegenerative disease, communication partners play an important role in establishing and maintaining communicative competence. In this paper, we assemble some evidence on this topic and integrate it with current preferred practice patterns (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004). Our goals are to help speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify and describe partner-based communication strategies for adults with acquired impairment, implement evidence-based approaches for teaching strategies to communication partners, and employ a Personnel Framework (Binger et al., 2012) to clarify partners? roles in acquiring and supporting communication tools for individuals with acquired impairments. We offer specific guidance about AAC techniques and message selection for communication partners involved with chronic, degenerative, and end of life communication. We discuss research and provide examples of communication partner supports for person(s) with aphasia and person(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who have complex communication needs.

Identifying Measurement Invariant Item Sets in Cross-Cultural Settings Using an Automated Item Selection Procedure

Methodology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schultze ◽  
Michael Eid
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Item Selection ◽  
Ant System ◽  
Item Quality ◽  
Ant System Algorithm ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. In the construction of scales intended for the use in cross-cultural studies, the selection of items needs to be guided not only by traditional criteria of item quality, but has to take information about the measurement invariance of the scale into account. We present an approach to automated item selection which depicts the process as a combinatorial optimization problem and aims at finding a scale which fulfils predefined target criteria – such as measurement invariance across cultures. The search for an optimal solution is performed using an adaptation of the [Formula: see text] Ant System algorithm. The approach is illustrated using an application to item selection for a personality scale assuming measurement invariance across multiple countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document