scholarly journals Distribution and migration chronology of Eastern population sandhill cranes

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1021-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Fronczak ◽  
David E. Andersen ◽  
Everett E. Hanna ◽  
Thomas R. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Population ◽  
Sandhill Cranes ◽  
Migration Chronology ◽  
And Migration

Changes in the number and distribution of Greater Sandhill Cranes in the Eastern Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Lacy ◽  
Jeb A. Barzen ◽  
Dorn M. Moore ◽  
Kristin E. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Population ◽  
Sandhill Cranes

The ecology of the habitats, nesting, and migration of the eastern population of the siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus Pallas, 1773)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Germogenov ◽  
N. G. Solomonov ◽  
A. E. Pshennikov ◽  
A. G. Degtyarev ◽  
S. M. Sleptsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Population ◽  
Siberian Crane ◽  
Grus Leucogeranus ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals Fall Age-Ratio Survey Design for Eastern Population Greater Sandhill Cranes

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-640
Author(s):  
David L. Fronczak ◽  
Elizabeth A. Rigby
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Eastern Population ◽  
South Central ◽  
Sandhill Cranes

Abstract For migratory birds, wildlife managers can use the recruitment rate of young into an adult population to model population dynamics, manage harvest, or evaluate habitat. Few recruitment estimates exist for Eastern Population greater sandhill cranes Antigone canadensis tabida, and estimates are outdated and local in scale. Wildlife managers can use age ratios as an index to recruitment, and surveying at fall staging areas is efficient and cost effective. We created a systematic survey design for surveying eastern population crane age ratios in the Kankakee River valley (2013–2015) in northwestern Indiana and the south-central counties of Michigan (2014–2015). Using logistic regression, we investigated factors that may cause spatial and temporal variation in age ratios, including flock size, timing within season, state, year, random vs. incidental survey routes, and observer. We stratified our selection of survey routes using a core area of high crane abundance, but do not recommend stratifying due to the added complexity and low utility. Observers determined the age of 53,371 cranes and found that the proportion of juveniles in Eastern Population crane flocks (π = 0.113, 95% CI: 0.105 – 0.122) was similar to previous estimates for the population. Proportion of juveniles was greater for south-central Michigan than for the Kankakee River valley, decreased with flock size, increased with lateness in the season, and varied among observers. Our design accounted for both ecological sources of variation in age ratios as well as nuisance variation. We recommend that future surveys use our design as part of a monitoring plan for Eastern Population cranes to support harvest management of the population and ensure that future survey results are comparable across years.

The relationship between annual survival rate and migration distance in mallards: an examination of the time-allocation hypothesis for the evolution of migration

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2021-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay B. Hestbeck ◽  
James D. Nichols ◽  
James E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Wintering Areas ◽  
Migration Chronology ◽  
And Migration

Predictions of the time-allocation hypothesis were tested with several a posteriori analyses of banding data for the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). The time-allocation hypothesis states that the critical difference between resident and migrant birds is their allocation of time to reproduction on the breeding grounds and survival on the nonbreeding grounds. Residents have higher reproduction and migrants have higher survival. Survival and recovery rates were estimated by standard band-recovery methods for banding reference areas in the central United States and central Canada. A production-rate index was computed for each reference area with data from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service May Breeding Population Survey and July Production Survey. An analysis of covariance was used to test for the effects of migration distance and time period (decade) on survival, recovery, and production rates. Differences in migration chronology were tested by comparing direct-recovery distributions for different populations during the fall migration. Differences in winter locations were tested by comparing distributions of direct recoveries reported during December and January. A strong positive relationship was found between survival rate and migration distance for 3 of the 4 age and sex classes. A weak negative relationship was found between recovery rate and migration distance. No relationship was found between production rate and migration distance. During the fall migration, birds from the northern breeding populations were located north of birds from the southern breeding populations. No pattern could be found in the relative locations of breeding and wintering areas. Although our finding that survival rate increased with migration distance was consistent with the time-allocation hypothesis, our results on migration chronology and location of wintering areas were not consistent with the mechanism underlying the time-allocation hypothesis. Neither this analysis nor other recent studies of life-history characteristics of migratory and resident birds supported the time-allocation hypothesis.

Annual Survival Rate Estimate of Satellite Transmitter–Marked Eastern Population Greater Sandhill Cranes

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Fronczak ◽  
David E. Andersen ◽  
Everett E. Hanna ◽  
Thomas R. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Rate Estimate ◽  
Satellite Transmitter ◽  
Eastern Population ◽  
Annual Survival ◽  
Sandhill Crane ◽  
Sandhill Cranes

Abstract Several surveys have documented the increasing population size and geographic distribution of Eastern Population greater sandhill cranes Grus canadensis tabida since the 1960s. Sport hunting of this population of sandhill cranes started in 2012 following the provisions of the Eastern Population Sandhill Crane Management Plan. However, there are currently no published estimates of Eastern Population sandhill crane survival rate that can be used to inform harvest management. As part of two studies of Eastern Population sandhill crane migration, we deployed solar-powered global positioning system platform transmitting terminals on Eastern Population sandhill cranes (n  =  42) at key concentration areas from 2009 to 2012. We estimated an annual survival rate for Eastern Population sandhill cranes from data resulting from monitoring these cranes by using the known-fates model in the MARK program. Estimated annual survival rate for adult Eastern Population sandhill cranes was 0.950 (95% confidence interval  =  0.885–0.979) during December 2009–August 2014. All fatalities (n  =  5) occurred after spring migration in late spring and early summer. We were unable to determine cause of death for crane fatalities in our study. Our survival rate estimate will be useful when combined with other population parameters such as the population index derived from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service fall survey, harvest, and recruitment rates to assess the effects of harvest on population size and trend and evaluate the effectiveness of management strategies.

scholarly journals Migration chronology of Eastern-Population Tundra Swans

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Petrie ◽  
K L Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Satellite Platform ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Wintering Areas ◽  
Migration Chronology ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migratory Movements

We used satellite platform transmitting transmitters (PTTs) in 1998–2000 to track spring and fall migratory movements of Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) captured at Long Point, Ontario. Migration corridors reported here corroborated those identified in previous studies using alphanumerically coded neck collars. However, PTTs provided additional information on duration of spring and fall migrations, duration of stay in different staging regions, time spent on breeding and wintering areas, and migration speed. Birds migrated between the Atlantic coast and northern prairies along a narrow geographic corridor through portions of the southern Great Lakes. From the northern prairies, swans followed 3 corridors to breeding areas on the west coast of Hudson Bay, central High Arctic, and Mackenzie River delta. While swans spent considerable time on Great Lakes (27% of spring migration) and northern prairie (40%) staging areas in spring, the northern boreal forest was an important fall staging area (48% of fall migration). Tundra Swans spent 20% of the annual cycle on wintering areas, 28% on spring staging areas, 29% on breeding areas, and 23% on fall staging areas. The long duration of migration and the fact that birds spend half their lives on staging areas underscore the importance of conserving Tundra Swan migratory habitats. Thirty-gram neck-collar-attached PTTs were more suitable than 95-g Teflon-harness-attached backpack PTTs for tracking Tundra Swans.

Demonstration of Retinal Glycogen with Silver Methenamine

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 564-565
Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
G. H. Bresnick
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
External Limiting Membrane ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Reactive Process ◽  
Inner Limiting Membrane ◽  
Muller Cell ◽  
And Migration

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.

Structure and migration of planar defects in crystals observed in atomic scale

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hashimoto ◽  
Y. Sugimoto ◽  
Y. Takai ◽  
H. Endoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Present Observation ◽  
Twist Boundary ◽  
Optical Magnification ◽  
Zinc Crystal ◽  
And Migration

As was demonstrated by the present authors that atomic structure of simple crystal can be photographed by the conventional 100 kV electron microscope adjusted at “aberration free focus (AFF)” condition. In order to operate the microscope at AFF condition effectively, highly stabilized electron beams with small energy spread and small beam divergence are necessary. In the present observation, a 120 kV electron microscope with LaB6 electron gun was used. The most of the images were taken with the direct electron optical magnification of 1.3 million times and then magnified photographically.1. Twist boundary of ZnSFig. 1 is the image of wurtzite single crystal with twist boundary grown on the surface of zinc crystal by the reaction of sulphur vapour of 1540 Torr at 500°C. Crystal surface is parallel to (00.1) plane and electron beam is incident along the axis normal to the crystal surface. In the twist boundary there is a dislocation net work between two perfect crystals with a certain rotation angle.

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