Confidence Intervals Versus Reference Intervals: Is There a Problem With the Study Entitled “ Z‐Score Reference Ranges for Umbilical Vein Diameter and Blood Flow Volume in Normal Fetuses”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greggory R. DeVore
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Blood Flow Volume ◽  
Vein Diameter

Z ‐Score Reference Ranges for Umbilical Vein Diameter and Blood Flow Volume in Normal Fetuses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Qichang Zhou ◽  
Chunhui Zhou ◽  
Jiqing Wang ◽  
Chunlan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Blood Flow Volume ◽  
Vein Diameter

The Effect Of Hand Exercise On Grip Strength, Forearm Circumference, Diameter Of Vein, Blood Flow Volume And Velocity In Patient Who Underwent Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery And On Routine Haemodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Jufri Febriyanto Poetra ◽  
Andriati Andriati ◽  
Dewi Poerwandari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cephalic Vein ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Blood Flow Volume ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vein Diameter

Background: The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered the gold standard for haemodialysis access. The fistula needs time to be mature and functional. Maturation process respond to increases in blood flow. Exercise stimulates vascular response as such an increase of blood flow. Aims: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of hand exercise in increasing grip muscle performance, and its effectiveness in supporting maturation process of fistula.Methods: This experimental study done on 14 patients underwent AVF procedure and on routine haemodialysis. Randomly, 7 subjects allocated on intervention group by doing hand exercise using hand gripper (HG) for 5 weeks, and 7 subjects allocated as control group without introduction to hand gripper. Grip strength and forearm circumference were measured before and after 5 weeks of intervention. Cephalic vein diameter, blood flow volume and velocity were measured using Doppler USG on AVF arm. The comparison of intervention effects between groups treatment were analyzed based on effect size (ES).Results: Grip strength and forearm circumference increased significantly on intervention group before and after exercise intervention (p<.001, p=.001). Cephalic vein diameter and blood flow were increased significantly in this group (p=.027, p=.033). Blood flow velocity showed no difference before and after exercise intervention. Significant results were found on increased grip strength, forearm circumference, cephalic vein diameter and blood flow volume in comparison between treated group (p<.001; ES=.94, p<.001; ES=.4, p=.046; ES=.84, p=.035; ES=.53). There were no differences on cephalic vein blood flow velocity between these two groups.Conclusion: Five weeks hand exercise were effective to increase grip strength, forearm circumference, cephalic vein diameter and blood flow volume, nonetheless ineffective to increase cephalic vein blood flow velocity in post AVF procedure patients with routine haemodialysis.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Hand Exercise On Grip Strength, Forearm Circumference, Diameter Of Vein, Blood Flow Volume And Velocity In Patient Who Underwent Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery And On Routine Haemodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Jufri Febriyanto Poetra ◽  
Andriati Andriati ◽  
Dewi Poerwandari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cephalic Vein ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Blood Flow Volume ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vein Diameter

Background: The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered the gold standard for haemodialysis access. The fistula needs time to be mature and functional. Maturation process respond to increases in blood flow. Exercise stimulates vascular response as such an increase of blood flow. Aims: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of hand exercise in increasing grip muscle performance, and its effectiveness in supporting maturation process of fistula.Methods: This experimental study done on 14 patients underwent AVF procedure and on routine haemodialysis. Randomly, 7 subjects allocated on intervention group by doing hand exercise using hand gripper (HG) for 5 weeks, and 7 subjects allocated as control group without introduction to hand gripper. Grip strength and forearm circumference were measured before and after 5 weeks of intervention. Cephalic vein diameter, blood flow volume and velocity were measured using Doppler USG on AVF arm. The comparison of intervention effects between groups treatment were analyzed based on effect size (ES).Results: Grip strength and forearm circumference increased significantly on intervention group before and after exercise intervention (p<.001, p=.001). Cephalic vein diameter and blood flow were increased significantly in this group (p=.027, p=.033). Blood flow velocity showed no difference before and after exercise intervention. Significant results were found on increased grip strength, forearm circumference, cephalic vein diameter and blood flow volume in comparison between treated group (p<.001; ES=.94, p<.001; ES=.4, p=.046; ES=.84, p=.035; ES=.53). There were no differences on cephalic vein blood flow velocity between these two groups.Conclusion: Five weeks hand exercise were effective to increase grip strength, forearm circumference, cephalic vein diameter and blood flow volume, nonetheless ineffective to increase cephalic vein blood flow velocity in post AVF procedure patients with routine haemodialysis.

scholarly journals P07.04: Uterine artery blood flow volume is reduced in human pregnancies with increase utero-placental downstream impedance

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-569
Author(s):  
S. Boito ◽  
S. Rigano ◽  
G. Pennati ◽  
L. Mandia ◽  
A. Padoan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Volume

Cerebral Blood Flow Volume in Posterior Circulation Ischemic Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 154431672110539
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Yu. Vishnyakova ◽  
Nataliya M. Medvedeva ◽  
Alexander B. Berdalin ◽  
Svetlana E. Lelyuk ◽  
Vladimir G. Lelyuk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Blood Flow Volume ◽  
Vertebral Arteries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine blood flow volume (BFV) in the normal state and its features in patients with acute posterior circulation ischemic strokes (PCIS) and vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) using color duplex sonography (DS).Methods: The study included DS data from 96 patients with verified PCIS (66 men and 30 women, aged 64±13 years) and 29 adults with VBI (17 men and 12 women, aged 66±11 years). The control group consisted of 65 healthy male volunteers of different ages.Results: In asymptomatic healthy volunteers, there was a significant decrease in BFV in the internal carotid artery (ICA) with age (502 ml/min in young people, 465 ml/min in the older subgroup) with rS = −0.24 ( p = 0.05), and the aggregated BFV in the vertebral arteries (VAs) turned out to be almost constant (141–143 ml/min). In patients with VBI, the aggregated BFV in the VAs (144 ml/min) did not differ from that in healthy volunteers, but the BFV values in the ICAs were significantly lower (325 ml/min). In patients with PCIS, the aggregated BFV in the ICAs was also significantly lower (399 ml/min) than in the control group but did not significantly differ from that in patients with VBI. In patients with PCIS, there was a significant decrease in the aggregated BFV in the VAs (105 ml/min), which distinguished this group from other examined patients.Conclusions: A significant decrease the BFV in the VA was observed only in patients with PCIS and was associated with the presence of steno-occlusive diseases (SOD) more often in the left VA. Patients with VBI had the most pronounced decrease in BFV in the ICA.

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