Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound for Detecting Gastric or Duodenal Ulcers in Pediatric Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hosokawa ◽  
Yutaka Tanami ◽  
Yumiko Sato ◽  
Tomoko Hara ◽  
Itaru Iwama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Gastric Or Duodenal Ulcers

The Authors’ Reply: Diagnostic accuracy of the McGill thyroid nodule score in pediatric patients: methodological issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Creo ◽  
Fares Alahdab ◽  
Alaa Al Nofal ◽  
Kristen Thomas ◽  
Amy Kolbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Methodological Issues

scholarly journals The use of hippocampal volumetric measurements to improve diagnostic accuracy in pediatric patients with mesial temporal sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria J. Guzmán Pérez-Carrillo ◽  
Christopher Owen ◽  
Katherine E. Schwetye ◽  
Spencer McFarlane ◽  
Ananth K. Vellimana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Local Regression ◽  
Clinical Workflow ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Volumetric Measurements

OBJECTIVEMany patients with medically intractable epilepsy have mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), which significantly affects their quality of life. The surgical excision of MTS lesions can result in marked improvement or even complete resolution of the epileptic episodes. Reliable radiological diagnosis of MTS is a clinical challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of volumetric mapping of the hippocampi for the identification of MTS in a case-controlled series of pediatric patients who underwent resection for medically refractory epilepsy, using pathology as a gold standard.METHODSA cohort of 57 pediatric patients who underwent resection for medically intractable epilepsy between 2005 and 2015 was evaluated. On pathological investigation, this group included 24 patients with MTS and 33 patients with non-MTS findings. Retrospective quantitative volumetric measurements of the hippocampi were acquired for 37 of these 57 patients. Two neuroradiologists with more than 10 years of experience who were blinded to the patients' MTS status performed the retrospective review of MR images. To produce the volumetric data, MR scans were parcellated and segmented using the FreeSurfer software suite. Hippocampal regions of interest were compared against an age-weighted local regression curve generated with data from the pediatric normal cohort. Standard deviations and percentiles of specific subjects were calculated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were determined for the original clinical read and the expert readers. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for the methods of classification to compare results from the readers with the authors' results, and an optimal threshold was determined. From that threshold the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were calculated for the volumetric analysis.RESULTSWith the use of quantitative volumetry, a sensitivity of 72%, a specificity of 95%, a PPV of 93%, an NPV of 78%, and an area under the curve of 0.84 were obtained using a percentage difference of normalized hippocampal volume. The resulting specificity (95%) and PPV (93%) are superior to the original clinical read and to Reader A and Reader B's findings (range for specificity 74%–86% and for PPV 64%–71%). The sensitivity (72%) and NPV (78%) are comparable to Reader A's findings (73% and 81%, respectively) and are better than those of the original clinical read and of Reader B (sensitivity 45% and 63% and NPV 71% and 70%, respectively).CONCLUSIONSVolumetric measurement of the hippocampi outperforms expert readers in specificity and PPV, and it demonstrates comparable to superior sensitivity and NPV. Volumetric measurements can complement anatomical imaging for the identification of MTS, much like a computer-aided detection tool would. The implementation of this approach in the daily clinical workflow could significantly improve diagnostic accuracy.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound for the Directionality of Testicular Rotation and the Degree of Spermatic Cord Twist in Pediatric Patients With Testicular Torsion

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hosokawa ◽  
Hiroaki Takahashi ◽  
Yutaka Tanami ◽  
Yumiko Sato ◽  
Tetsuya Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Testicular Torsion ◽  
Pediatric Patients

scholarly journals ABO blood group, secretor status and detection ofHelicobacter pyloriamong patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers

1991 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mentis ◽  
C. C. Blackwell ◽  
D. M. Weir ◽  
C. Spiliadis ◽  
A. Dailianas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Gastric Or Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
H Pylori

SUMMARYPatients (454) referred for gastroscopy to the General Hospital of Athens were examined to determine (1) if non-secretors were over-represented among patients with ulcers and (2) is there was an association with ABO blood group or secretor status and carriage ofHelicobacter pylori.Compared with the local population, among patients with either gastric ulcer (51) or duodenal ulcer (96) there was a significant increase in the proportion of those who were blood group O (P< 0·025); however, there were no significant differences in the proportions of non-secretors.H. pyloriwas identified in 62 % of the 454 patients: 59·5 % of those without evidence of ulcers; 62·5 % of those with gastric ulcer; 88% of those with duodenal ulcer (P< 0·0005). These bacteria were cultured more often and in higher numbers from patients with duodenal ulcer (P< 0·025). There was no association between ABO blood group and prevalence ofH. pylori. The prevalence ofH. pyloriamong non-secretors with gastric ulcer (12·5%) was significantly lower than that for non-secretors with duodenal ulcer (100%) (P< 0·0005). This was not observed for secretors.

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