scholarly journals Do adolescent offspring of women with PTSD experience higher levels of chronic and episodic stress?

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Brand ◽  
Julia C. Schechter ◽  
Constance L. Hammen ◽  
Robyne Le Brocque ◽  
Patricia A. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Offspring ◽  
Episodic Stress

Insulin Effect on Renal Sodium Reabsorption in Adolescent Offspring of Essential Hypertensive Parents

Hypertension ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1089-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Grunfeld ◽  
M. Gimenez ◽  
M. Balzaretti ◽  
L. Rabinovich ◽  
M. Romo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Adolescent Offspring ◽  
Renal Sodium Reabsorption

scholarly journals Prenatal maternal transdiagnostic, RDoC-informed predictors of newborn neurobehavior: Differences by sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mengyu (Miranda) Gao ◽  
Brendan Ostlund ◽  
Mindy A. Brown ◽  
Parisa R. Kaliush ◽  
Sarah Terrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Prenatal Stress ◽  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Episodic Stress

Abstract We examined whether Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)-informed measures of prenatal stress predicted newborn neurobehavior and whether these effects differed by newborn sex. Multilevel, prenatal markers of prenatal stress were obtained from 162 pregnant women. Markers of the Negative Valence System included physiological functioning (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA] and electrodermal [EDA] reactivity to a speech task, hair cortisol), self-reported stress (state anxiety, pregnancy-specific anxiety, daily stress, childhood trauma, economic hardship, and family resources), and interviewer-rated stress (episodic stress, chronic stress). Markers of the Arousal/Regulatory System included physiological functioning (baseline RSA, RSA, and EDA responses to infant cries) and self-reported affect intensity, urgency, emotion regulation strategies, and dispositional mindfulness. Newborns’ arousal and attention were assessed via the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Network Neurobehavioral Scale. Path analyses showed that high maternal episodic and daily stress, low economic hardship, few emotion regulation strategies, and high baseline RSA predicted female newborns’ low attention; maternal mindfulness predicted female newborns’ high arousal. As for male newborns, high episodic stress predicted low arousal, and high pregnancy-specific anxiety predicted high attention. Findings suggest that RDoC-informed markers of prenatal stress could aid detection of variance in newborn neurobehavioral outcomes within hours after birth. Implications for intergenerational transmission of risk for psychopathology are discussed.

scholarly journals Maternal stress and depressive symptoms and adolescents’ body mass index: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike Koning ◽  
Jacqueline Vink ◽  
Tommy L. S. Visscher ◽  
Junilla Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
General Stress ◽  
Adolescent Offspring

Abstract Background Growing evidence suggests that maternal mental health issues are associated with (young) children’s weight outcomes. However, most studies have been limited by cross-sectional designs and have been aimed at (younger) children. The current prospective study focuses on the link between maternal mental health (i.e., psychological stress and depressive symptoms) and adolescents’ zBMI development. Methods The participants in the present study were part of wave 1 and 2 of a longitudinal study on Dutch adolescents’ and their parents’ health behavior. Adolescents (aged 10–14) and their parents were recruited through six secondary schools in the South and the East of the Netherlands. For this study, we only included biological mothers and their adolescent children who participated in both waves, with data on the main measures in both waves, leaving a final sample of 336 biological mother-child dyads. Adolescents height and weight were measured, and both parents and adolescents filled in validated questionnaires on perceived stress and depressive symptoms and answered additional questions concerning domain-specific stress. Regression analyses were performed in R to examine longitudinal links between maternal stress and depressive symptoms at baseline (T1) and adolescents’ BMI standard deviation scores (zBMI) 6 months later (T2), corrected for baseline zBMI and covariates. Results Maternal general perceived stress (β = .20, p = .002) at T1 preceded higher adolescents’ zBMI at T2, after controlling for baseline zBMI and other covariates, whereas maternal depressive symptoms at T1 (β = −.05, p = .44) and other domain-specific stress did not (maternal financial stress, maternal stress at work, maternal stress at home). Additionally, lower educational level among adolescents (β = .16, p = .001) and adolescent depressive symptoms (β = .16, p = .001) was associated with a higher zBMI at T2. Conclusions Results suggest that maternal general stress, but not depressive symptoms, may influence adolescents’ weight development. Our findings warrant future investigation on whether and how general stress among mothers may predict weight increases of their adolescent offspring.

scholarly journals IUGR decreases cardiomyocyte endowment and alters cardiac metabolism in a sex- and cause-of-IUGR-specific manner

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. R48-R67 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Botting ◽  
X. Y. Loke ◽  
S. Zhang ◽  
J. B. Andersen ◽  
J. R. Nyengaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Metabolism ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Adolescent Offspring ◽  
Cardiac Gene ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) increases the risk of ischemic heart disease in adulthood. Studies in rats suggest cardiac vulnerability is more pronounced in males and in offspring that were exposed to hypoxia in utero. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypotheses that 1) IUGR adolescent males, but not females, have fewer cardiomyocytes and altered expression of cardiometabolic genes compared with controls; and 2) IUGR due to hypoxia has a greater effect on these parameters compared with IUGR due to nutrient restriction. IUGR was induced in guinea pigs by maternal hypoxia (MH; 10% O2, n = 9) or maternal nutrient restriction (MNR; ~30% reduction in food intake, n = 9) in the second half of pregnancy and compared with control ( n = 11). At 120 days of age, postmortem was performed and the left ventricle perfusion fixed for stereological determination of cardiomyocyte number or snap frozen to determine the abundance of cardiometabolic genes and proteins by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. MH reduced the number of cardiomyocytes in female ( P < 0.05), but not male or MNR, adolescent offspring. Furthermore, IUGR males had decreased expression of genes responsible for fatty acid activation in the sarcoplasm ( FACS) and transport into the mitochondria ( AMPK-a2 and ACC; P < 0.05) and females exposed to MH had increased activation/phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase-α ( P < 0.05). We postulate that the changes in cardiomyocyte endowment and cardiac gene expression observed in the present study are a direct result of in utero programming, as offspring at this age did not suffer from obesity, hypertension, or left ventricular hypertrophy.

P.0758 Cognitive reserve and its correlates in child and adolescent offspring of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. S552
Author(s):  
P. Camprodon-Boadas ◽  
M. Rosa-Justicia ◽  
G. Sugranyes ◽  
D. Moreno ◽  
I. Baeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Offspring
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document