A core-shell titanium dioxide polyaniline nanocomposite for the needle-trap extraction of volatile organic compounds in urine samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Banihashemi ◽  
Habib Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Needle Trap Extraction ◽  
Polyaniline Nanocomposite

scholarly journals Differential expression of urinary volatile organic compounds by sex, male reproductive status, and pairing status in the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256388
Author(s):  
Marieke K. Jones ◽  
Thomas B. Huff ◽  
Elizabeth W. Freeman ◽  
Nucharin Songsasen
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Maned Wolf ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Chrysocyon Brachyurus

The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) is an induced ovulator. Though the mechanism of ovulation induction remains unknown, it is suspected to be urinary chemical signals excreted by males. This study assessed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in weekly urine samples across 5 months from 13 maned wolves (6 intact males, 1 neutered male, 6 females) with the goal of identifying VOCs that are differentially expressed across sex, reproductive status, and pairing status. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to extract and separate VOCs that were identified via spectral matching with authentic standards, with spectral libraries, or with new software that further matches molecular fragment structures with mass spectral peaks. Two VOCs were present across all 317 urine samples: 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine and 2-methyl-6-(1-propenyl)-pyrazine. Fifteen VOCs differed significantly (Adj. P < 0.001 and |log2 fold change| >2.0) between intact males and females. Using partial least squares-discriminant analysis, the compounds with the highest importance to the sex classification were delta-decalactone, delta-dodecalactone, and bis(prenyl) sulfide. Sixty-two VOCs differed between intact males and the neutered male. Important classifier compounds were 3-ethyl 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine, 2-methyl-6-(1-propenyl)-pyrazine, and tetrahydro-2-isopentyl-5-propyl furan. Several VOCs established as important here have been implicated in reproductive communication in other mammals. This study is the most robust examination of differential expression in the maned wolf thus far and provides the most comprehensive analysis of maned wolf urinary VOCs to date, increasing the sample size substantially over previous chemical communication studies in this species. New data analysis software allowed for the identification of compounds in the hormone-producing mevalonate pathway which were previously unreported in maned wolf urine. Several putative semiochemicals were identified as good candidates for behavioral bioassays to determine their role in maned wolf reproduction, and specifically in ovulation induction.

Facile fabrication of Ce-decorated composition-tunable Ce@ZnCo2O4 core–shell microspheres for enhanced catalytic propane combustion

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4794-4802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyu Zhang ◽  
Zhenni Tan ◽  
Xiuyun Wang ◽  
Yingying Zhan ◽  
Yihong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Complete Oxidation ◽  
Propane Combustion ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Facile Fabrication

The design of heterogeneous catalysts of high efficiency for complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a challenge.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Diabetes by Volatile Organic Compounds in Urine Using FAIMS and Fox4000 Electronic Nose

Biosensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siavash Esfahani ◽  
Alfian Wicaksono ◽  
Ella Mozdiak ◽  
Ramesh Arasaradnam ◽  
James Covington
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Sparse Logistic Regression ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Sample Age

The electronic nose (eNose) is an instrument designed to mimic the human olfactory system. Usage of eNose in medical applications is more popular than ever, due to its low costs and non-invasive nature. The eNose sniffs the gases and vapours that emanate from human waste (urine, breath, and stool) for the diagnosis of variety of diseases. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) affects 8.3% of adults in the world, with 43% being underdiagnosed, resulting in 4.9 million deaths per year. In this study, we investigated the potential of urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as novel non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for diabetes. In addition, we investigated the influence of sample age on the diagnostic accuracy of urinary VOCs. We analysed 140 urine samples (73 DM2, 67 healthy) with Field-Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS); a type of eNose; and FOX 4000 (AlphaM.O.S, Toulouse, France). Urine samples were collected at UHCW NHS Trust clinics over 4 years and stored at −80 °C within two hours of collection. Four different classifiers were used for classification, specifically Sparse Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Gaussian Process, and Support Vector on both FAIMS and FOX4000. Both eNoses showed their capability of diagnosing DM2 from controls and the effect of sample age on the discrimination. FAIMS samples were analysed for all samples aged 0–4 years (AUC: 88%, sensitivity: 87%, specificity: 82%) and then sub group samples aged less than a year (AUC (Area Under the Curve): 94%, Sensitivity: 92%, specificity: 100%). FOX4000 samples were analysed for all samples aged 0–4 years (AUC: 85%, sensitivity: 77%, specificity: 85%) and a sub group samples aged less than 18 months: (AUC: 94%, sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 89%). We demonstrated that FAIMS and FOX 4000 eNoses can discriminate DM2 from controls using urinary VOCs. In addition, we showed that urine sample age affects discriminative accuracy.

scholarly journals Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)-assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds at ppb Level

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teiji Tanizaki ◽  
Yoshitaka Murakami ◽  
Yoshifumi Hanada ◽  
Seiichi Ishikawa ◽  
Manabu Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals The Profile of Urinary Headspace Volatile Organic Compounds After 12-Week Intake of Oligofructose-Enriched Inulin by Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet: Results of a Pilot, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Drabińska ◽  
Elżbieta Jarocka-Cyrta ◽  
Norman Ratcliffe ◽  
Urszula Krupa-Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Volatile Organic

The concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can inform about the metabolic condition of the body. In the small intestine of untreated persons with celiac disease (CD), chronic inflammation can occur, leading to nutritional deficiencies, and consequently to functional impairments of the whole body. Metabolomic studies showed differences in the profile of VOCs in biological fluids of patients with CD in comparison to healthy persons; however, there is scarce quantitative and nutritional intervention information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of a gluten-free diet (GFD) with prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin (Synergy 1) on the concentration of VOCs in the urine of children and adolescents with CD. Twenty-three participants were randomized to the group receiving Synergy 1 (10 g per day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Urinary VOCs were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Sixteen compounds were identified and quantified in urine samples. The supplementation of GFD with Synergy 1 resulted in an average concentration drop (36%) of benzaldehyde in urine samples. In summary, Synergy 1, applied as a supplement of GFD for 12 weeks had a moderate impact on the VOC concentrations in the urine of children with CD.

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