Two-dimensional strong cation-exchange liquid chromatography/reversed-phase pressurized capillary electrochromatography for separation of complex samples

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1027-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xue Gu ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Chao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Capillary Electrochromatography ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Strong Cation Exchange ◽  
Pressurized Capillary Electrochromatography

Separation of Liquiritin by Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 1232-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xiang Cong ◽  
Shao Yan Wang ◽  
Hong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Target Compound ◽  
Reversed Phase Chromatography ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Licorice Extract

Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2DLC) is an important technology for the separation and analysis of complex samples. Liquiritin, an important active component in licorice, was chosen as the target compound and it was separated by three kinds of off-line 2DLC, i.e. size exclusion chromatography × reversed phase chromatography, normal phase × reversed phase chromatography and reversed phase chromatography × reversed phase chromatography (SEC×RP, NP×RP and RP×RP). The chromatographic conditions were selected and the 2D systems were combined. The results show that it is feasible to separate Liquiritin from licorice extract using 2DLC. Among the 2D modes mentioned above, the highest purity of Liquiritin was obtained in the RP×RP mode, and the concentration of Liquiritin was increased most significantly in the NP×RP mode.

scholarly journals Comparison of Various Chromatographic Systems for Analysis of Cytisine in Human Serum, Saliva and Pharmaceutical Formulation by HPLC with Diode Array, Fluorescence or Mass Spectrometry Detection

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Wróblewski ◽  
Anna Petruczynik ◽  
Tomasz Tuzimski ◽  
Dominika Przygodzka ◽  
Grzegorz Buszewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Stationary Phases ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulation ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Strong Cation Exchange ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: Identification and quantitative determination of cytisine, especially in biological samples and pharmaceutical formulations, is still a difficult analytical task. Cytisine is an alkaloid with a small and very polar molecule. For this reason, it is very weakly retained on reversed phase (RP) stationary phases, such as commonly used alkyl-bonded phases. The very weak retention of cytisine causes it to be eluted together with the components of biological matrices. Objective: Comparison and evaluation of various chromatographic systems for analysis of cytisine in different matrices—serum, saliva and pharmaceutical formulation—by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array (DAD), fluorescence (FLD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Methods: The analyses were performed using HPLC in reversed phase (RP), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) modes. Different sample pre-treatment methods were tested: Protein precipitation (with acetone, methanol (MeOH) or acetonitrile (ACN), and solid phase extraction (SPE) using cartridges with octadecyl (C18), hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced copolymer (HLB) or strong cation exchange sorbents (Strata X-C). Conclusion: Significant differences were observed in retention parameters with a change of the used chromatographic system. The various properties of stationary phases resulted in differences in analyte retention, peaks’ shape and systems’ efficiency. The weakest retention was observed using RP systems; however, the use of the Polar RP phase can be an alternative for application in green chromatography. In the strongest retention was observed using a strong cation exchange (SCX) phase. The most optimal systems were chosen for the analysis of cytisine in the pharmaceutical preparation, serum and saliva after sample pre-treatment with the new SPE procedure. Due to the sensitivity, the use of HPLC-DAD or HPLC-FLD is the most optimal for drug analysis in pharmaceutical preparations, whereas HPLC-MS is suitable for analysis of cytisine in biological samples.

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