Rapid method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils by sonication-assisted extraction in small columns

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 2166-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Sánchez-Brunete ◽  
Esther Miguel ◽  
José L. Tadeo
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Determination of Particles and Carcinogenic Compounds Emitted by Combustion of Diesel and Diesel:Biodiesel Blends

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Samantha Arteaga-Del Angel ◽  
Brenda L. Valle-Hernandez ◽  
Violeta Mugica-Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Among the main pollutants emitted into the atmosphere by diesel combustion are the particles. Most of the studies suggest that the greatest impact on health by the particles is caused by some of the organic compounds such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are highly toxic and carcinogenic compounds. Some of the strategies that are being implemented to mitigate these harmful particles emissions are the use of alternative fuels, such as biodiesel. In this research, the characterization of six fuels (diesel and five biodiesel, obtained from different raw materials) was carried out. Diesel:Biodiesel blends were prepared at 5, 10 and 20% of biodiesel on proportion to the diesel (B5, B10 and B20). Additionally, B100 was analyzed for some biodiesels. The particles emitted by the combustion of the different fuels were sampled and their concentration was determined. The organic compounds were extracted from the particles by ultrasound-assisted extraction and subsequently the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, it was observed that the use of biodiesel decreases the emission of particle concentration, but it is not significant. In the case of the concentrations of carcinogenic compounds (PAHs), the B20 biodiesel blends emissions had a statistically significant reduction compared to diesel emissions.

scholarly journals Residues of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Agricultural Soils Adjacent to Historical Sources of Their Storage and Distribution—The Case Study of Azerbaijan

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga ◽  
Karolina Lewińska ◽  
Elton Mammadov ◽  
Anna Karczewska ◽  
Bożena Smreczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Total Concentrations

The aim of this study was to identify and examine the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil collected from the surroundings of historical pesticide storage facilities on former agricultural aerodromes, warehouses, and pesticide distribution sites located in the most important agricultural regions in Azerbaijan. The conducted research included determination of three groups of POPs (occurring together), in the natural soil environment influenced for many years by abiotic and biotic factors that could have caused their transformations or decomposition. In this study, soil samples were collected in 21 georeferenced points located in the administrative area of Bilasuvar, Saatly, Sabirabad, Salyan and Jalilabad districts of Azerbaijan. Soil chemical analysis involved determination of organochlorine compounds (OCP): hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) (three isomers α-HCH, β-HCH and γ-HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) (six congeners 2,4′DDT; 4,4′DDT; 2,4′DDE; 4,4′DDE; 2,4′DDE; and 4,4′DDE); polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): 16 compounds from the United States Environmental Protection Agency US EPA list and, PCBs (seven congeners identified with the following IUPAC numbers: 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180). Our research showed that OCPs reached the highest concentration in the studied areas. The total concentrations of OCPs ranged from 0.01 to 21,888 mg∙kg−1 with significantly higher concentrations of Σ6DDTs (0.01 μg kg−1 to 21880 mg kg−1) compared to ΣHCH (0.14 ng kg−1 to 166.72 µg kg−1). The total concentrations of PCBs in the studied soils was varied from 0.02 to 147.30 μg·kg−1 but only PCB138 and PCB180 were detected in all analyzed samples. The concentrations of Σ16 PAHs were also strongly diversified throughout the sampling areas and ranged from 0.15 to 16,026 mg kg−1. The obtained results confirmed that the agricultural soils of Azerbaijan contained much lower (up to by three orders of magnitude) concentrations of PCBs and PAHs than DDT. It is supported by the fact that PCBs and PAHs were not directly used by agriculture sector and their content results from secondary sources, such as combustion and various industrial processes. Moreover, the high concentrations of PAHs in studied soils were associated with their location in direct neighborhood of the airport, as well as with accumulation of contaminants from dispersed sources and long range transport. The high concentrations of pesticides confirm that deposition of parent OCPs have occurred from obsolete pesticide landfills.

An efficient, sensitive and fast microextraction method followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bread samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (44) ◽  
pp. 6246-6253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Rostampour ◽  
Mahdie Kamalabadi ◽  
Marzieh Kamankesh ◽  
Zahra Hadian ◽  
Sahar Jazaeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (MAE–DLLME) coupled with GC-MS allowed the simultaneous determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bread samples.

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