Estimates of the efficiency of transfer ofL-histidine from blood to milk when it is the first-limiting amino acid for secretion of milk protein in the dairy cow

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1150-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jai-Jun Choung ◽  
David G Chamberlain
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

The Effect of Protected Amino Acid Supplementation on the Performance of Dairy Cows Receiving Grass Silage Plus Soyabean Meal

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
J.C. Robert ◽  
B.K. Sloan ◽  
C. Denis
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

Methionine has been shown to be the first-limiting amino acid for milk protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows fed maize silage-based diets complemented with soyabean meal (Sloanet al., 1992) (Pisulewskiet al., 1993). Thus, the aim of this trial was to investigate the hypothesis that methionine was first-limiting or if not at least colimiting with lysine for milk protein synthesis in dairy cows fed grass silage complemented with soyabean meal.8 muciparous and 4 primiparous dairy cows six weeks into lactation were randomly allocated to three 4x4 Latin squares (cows and heifers separately), each period containing 2 weeks. The four treatments consisted of Tl = Control ; T2 = 3.7 g methionine ; T3 = 7.4 g methionine ; T4 = 7.4 g methionine and 22.2 lysine . All figures relate to estimated intestinally available amino acids, g/day (Smartamine™technology Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition). The basal ration was a second cut grass silage offeredad libitumplus 0.57 kg of hay plus an average 10.9 kg concentrate.

RESPONSE OF LACTATING COWS TO THE INTRAVENOUS INFUSION OF AMINO ACIDS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
High Level

High, low, and zero quantities of methionine, histidine, or lysine were infused intravenously into lactating cows fed a corn–corn silage–urea ration to assess whether any of these amino acids were limiting for milk production. Feed intake was significantly higher (P < 0.05) with the low level of methionine infusion than with either the high level or saline infusions. Milk yield was not affected (P > 0.05) by any treatments, but protein yield was significantly greater (P < 0.05) with the low than with the high or zero levels of infusion of methionine, and the infusion of either level of histidine significantly decreased (P < 0.05) milk protein yield compared with zero level of infusion. The changes in levels of plasma amino acids that occurred during these studies have been interpreted as implying that methionine was the first limiting and either valine, leucine, or isoleucine was the second limiting amino acid for milk production.

scholarly journals Identification of the Potential Role of the Rumen Microbiome in Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis in Dairy Cows Using Metagenomic Sequencing

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Xin Wu ◽  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Jinfeng Huang ◽  
Peng Peng ◽  
Yanan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Prevotella Species

The rumen contains abundant microorganisms that aid in the digestion of lignocellulosic feed and are associated with host phenotype traits. Cows with extremely high milk protein and fat percentages (HPF; n = 3) and low milk protein and fat percentages (LPF; n = 3) were selected from 4000 lactating Holstein cows under the same nutritional and management conditions. We found that the total concentration of volatile fatty acids, acetate, butyrate, and propionate in the rumen fluid was significantly higher in the HPF group than in the LPF group. Moreover, we identified 38 most abundant species displaying differential richness between the two groups, in which Prevotella accounted for 68.8% of the species, with the highest abundance in the HPF group. Functional annotation based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG), evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG), and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes (CAZy) databases showed that the significantly more abundant species in the HPF group are enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, pyruvate, insulin, and lipid metabolism and transportation. Furthermore, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed that specific microbial taxa (mainly the Prevotella species and Neocallimastix californiae) are positively correlated with total volatile fatty acids (VFA). Collectively, we found that the HPF group was enriched with several Prevotella species related to the total VFA, acetate, and amino acid synthesis. Thereby, these fulfilled the host’s needs for energy, fat, and rumen microbial protein, which can be used for increased biosynthesis of milk fat and milk protein. Our findings provide novel information for elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of the rumen in the formation of milk composition.

Acid and rennet gels exhibit strong differences in the kinetics of milk protein digestion and amino acid bioavailability

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Barbé ◽  
Olivia Ménard ◽  
Yann Le Gouar ◽  
Caroline Buffière ◽  
Marie-Hélène Famelart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Kinetics Of
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