Identification of unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) of hydrocarbons in commercial fish oil supplements

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Jean M Reid ◽  
Suzanne M Budge
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Unresolved Complex Mixtures

The effects of fish oil supplementation to dairy cattle on milk fat content and composition

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
T.W.J. Keady ◽  
C.S. Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
Degradable Protein

AbstractA partially balanced changeover design experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effects of level of fish oil inclusion in the diet on milk fat concentration and composition when offered to 50 lactating dairy cows in early lactation, which were offered either 5 or 10 kg concentrates/cow/day. Concentrates were formulated to contain similar concentrations of crude protein (CP), effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP) digestible undegradable protein and starch and to provide 0 (T0), 150 (T150), 300 (T300) or 450 (T450) g fish oil/cow/day or 300 g (T300B) fish oil/cow/day from a commercial fish oil premix. All animals were offered 5 kg treatment concentrate in two equal feeds through the in-parlour feeder at each milking. Additionally, cows offered the higher level of concentrates received a further 5 kg of T0 concentrate in two equal feeds per day through out-of-parlour feeders. Increasing the level of fish oil increased milk yield (P<0.01) and decreased the concentrations of fat (P<0.001) and protein (P<0.001). Increasing the level of fish oil decreased the concentrations of C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C16:0, C14:0 and C18:0 and increased the concentrations of C18:1t, C20:0, C20:1, C20:4w6, C18:2c, C23:0, C20:5w3 and C18:2t. Relative to T300, T300B significantly decreased the concentrations of C20:4w6, but did not alter any of the other fatty acids. The transfer from feed to milk of EPA and DHA averaged 0.61 and 0.19 respectively across the three levels of fish oil supplementation. For T300 the efficiency of transfer of EPA was higher while the efficiency of transfer of DHA was lower to that for T300B. It is concluded that increasing fish oil supplementation decreased milk fat concentration by up to 15 g/kg. Also feeding fish oil is an efficient method of increasing EPA in the human diet through transfer into milk.

Exploring the use of essential fatty acids in veterinary dermatology

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (5) ◽  
pp. 190-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Martinez ◽  
Beth McDonald ◽  
Fernando Martínez-Taboada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Pet Food ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Veterinary Practice ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
Oral Supplements ◽  
Level Of Importance

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to discover the extent of use of essential fatty acids (EFAs) in veterinary practice, conditions used in, preparation of EFA supplement used and rationale for their use and to investigate the awareness of the oxidation of some commercial fish oil supplement preparations.MethodsA web-based questionnaire was distributed via email to a dermatology list server and posted to veterinary Facebook groups with questions relating to the use of EFAs, supplement choice, conditions used in, the level of importance of various factors regarding their use and awareness of their oxidation.ResultsThere were 309 responses from 32 countries. EFA supplements were used by 92.2 per cent of respondents. The most commonly used preparation of EFA supplementation was veterinary oral supplements (75.1 per cent), followed by veterinary diets (14.4 per cent), shop bought fish oil supplements (7.7 per cent), enhancing the diet with oily fish (2.5 per cent) and finally using a commercial pet food (0.3 per cent). Only 46.3 per cent of respondents who used them were aware of the oxidation of EFAs. Veterinary oral supplements were perceived to be the best preserved, followed by veterinary diets and lastly commercial fish oil supplements.ConclusionA large number of respondents advised the use of EFAs for veterinary dermatological conditions but less than 50 per cent were aware of the potential for EFAs to oxidise.

scholarly journals Stability of Imported Commercial Fish Oils (Soft Gel) in East Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-600
Author(s):  
Sugeng Heri Suseno ◽  
Agoes Mardiono Jacoeb ◽  
Dudu Abdulatip
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Oven Method ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Over Time

Commercial fish oils (soft gel) have been widely traded in Indonesia, especially in East Java.The aimof this research was to determine the quality and stability of fish oils (soft gel) in East Java examined bySchaal oven method and to determine the amount of fatty acids in the commercial fish oil. The stabilityof the commercial fish oil was determined based on peroxide value, anisidine value, and total oxidationafter the oils were stored at 40oC for 6 days. The experimental design used in this research was completelyRandomized Design (CRD) with a treatment time of storage (H-0, H-2, H-4 and H-6). The quality of thecommercial fish oils was in accordance with IFOS on the parameters of the FFA, peroxide value, anisidin,and the total oxidation.The stability test results showed the fish oil quality decreased over time and onlyanisidine value was still met the IFOS standards. Sample S4 was found containing the highest amount ofomega 3 ada EPA, while S3 contained the highest amount of DHA.

Measurement of Organochlorines in Commercial Over-the-Counter Fish Oil Preparations: Implications for Dietary and Therapeutic Recommendations for Omega-3 Fatty Acids and a Review of the Literature

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Foran Melanson ◽  
Elizabeth Lee Lewandrowski ◽  
James G. Flood ◽  
Kent B. Lewandrowski
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Context.—The consumption of fish high in omega-3 fatty acids is advocated by the American Heart Association to decrease the risk of coronary artery disease. However, fish contain environmental toxins such as mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides, which may negate the beneficial cardiovascular effects of fish meals. Toxin levels vary depending on both the fish source and the specific toxin, and neither farm-raised nor wild fish are toxin free. Fish oil supplements also prevent the progression of coronary artery disease and reduce cardiovascular mortality. However, only sparse data exist on the level of toxins in fish oil. In a previous study we showed that the amount of mercury in 5 over-the-counter brands of fish oil was negligible. Objective.—To determine the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and other organochlorines in 5 over-the-counter preparations of fish oil. Design.—The contents of 5 commercial fish oil brands were sent for organochlorine analysis. Results.—The levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorines were all below the detectable limit. Conclusions.—Fish oil supplements are more healthful than the consumption of fish high in organochlorines. Fish oils provide the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids without the risk of toxicity. In addition, fish oil supplements have been helpful in a variety of diseases, including bipolar disorder and depression.

Insight of unresolved complex mixtures of saturated hydrocarbons in heavy oil via GC×GC-TOFMS analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
HuiTong Wang ◽  
ShuiChang Zhang ◽  
Na Weng ◽  
XiaoFang Wei ◽  
GuangYou Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Unresolved Complex Mixtures

Quality analysis of commercial fish oil preparations

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 1935-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna C Sullivan Ritter ◽  
Suzanne M Budge ◽  
Fabiola Jovica
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Commercial Fish

Comparative studies of DHA-enriched phosphatidylcholine and recombination of DHA-ethyl ester with egg phosphatidylcholine on ameliorating memory and cognitive deficiency in SAMP8 mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 938-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Cheng Wang ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
Miao-Miao Zhou ◽  
Chang-Hu Xue ◽  
Yao-Guang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cognitive Deficiency ◽  
Samp8 Mice

DHA-PLs (DHA-PC) could not be substituted by recombination of commercial fish oil with DHA-free PC in alleviating age-related memory loss and cognitive deficiency in SAMP8 mice.

scholarly journals Formation and Identification of Unresolved Complex Mixtures in Lacustrine Biodegraded Oil from Nanxiang Basin, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Guo ◽  
Sheng He ◽  
Shukui Zhu ◽  
Derong Chai ◽  
Shiyan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Transformation ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Light Hydrocarbons ◽  
Normal Alkanes ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biodegraded Oils ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cyclic Alkanes ◽  
Tricyclic Terpanes ◽  
Unresolved Complex Mixtures

A comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/TOFMS) method has been developed for the formation and identification of unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) in lacustrine biodegraded oils that with the same source rock, similar maturity, and increasing degradation rank from Nanxiang Basin, China. Normal alkanes, light hydrocarbons, isoprenoids, steranes, and terpanes are degraded gradually from oil B330 to oil G574. The compounds in biodegraded oil (oil G574) have fewer types, the polarity difference of compounds in different types is minor, and the relative content of individual compounds is similar. All the features make the compounds in biodegraded oil coelute in GC analysis and form the raised “baseline hump” named UCMs. By injecting standard materials and analyzing mass spectrums of target compounds, it is shown that cyclic alkanes with one to five rings are the major components of UCMs. Furthermore, UCMs were divided into six classes. Classes I and II, composed of alkyl-cyclohexanes, alkyl-naphthanes, and their isomers, are originated from the enrichment of hydrocarbons resistant to degradation in normal oils. Classes III ~ VI, composed of sesquiterpenoids, tricyclic terpanes, low molecular steranes, diasteranes, norhopanes, and their isomers, are probably from some newly formed compounds during the microbial transformation of oil.

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