Iron, nickel, copper, zinc and cadmium content of two cultivars of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and their source soils

1991 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiah J Bonire ◽  
Neelam N S Jalil ◽  
Joseph A Lori
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
White Yam ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Copper Zinc

scholarly journals Mushrooms as Biomonitors of Heavy Metals Contamination in Forest Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Świsłowski ◽  
Małgorzata Rajfur
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Passive Biomonitoring ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Abstract The aim of the research was to assess the level of contamination with heavy metals (manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead) in two forest areas selected in different places in Poland: the first one in the Swietokrzyskie Province (forests of the Staporkow Forest Division) and the second one in the Opolskie Province (forests of the Kup Forest Division). The degree of contamination of these forest areas with analytes was found using edible large-fruited mushrooms naturally occurring there - the research was carried out using passive biomonitoring method. Heavy metals in mushrooms (separately in stems and hats) as well as in soil samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with excitation in flame (F-AAS). The obtained results were interpreted by assessing the degree of contamination of forest areas on the basis of concentrations of heavy metals in mushrooms. The obtained results indicate an increased accumulation of heavy metals in hats than in mushrooms stems. On the basis of the obtained data, significant contamination of forest areas with selected heavy metals was also found. This is confirmed by the possibility of using mushrooms as biomonitors in passive biomonitoring of forest areas, which are heavy metal accumulators. In the interpretation of the test results, the phytocumuling factor (PF) was also used. The degree of accumulation of heavy metals, from given forest areas - from soil to mushrooms - was assessed on the basis of determined PF coefficients. In addition, good bioavailability of the analysed analytes by mushrooms was found. Additionally, on the basis of the conducted studies, the possibility of mushroom consumption was assessed - they are not suitable for consumption due to the fact that the permissible concentration standards of heavy metals contained in mushrooms were exceeded.

scholarly journals Parameters Influencing Steady-State Grain Size of Pure Metals Processed by High-Pressure Torsion

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 3034-3039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveh Edalati ◽  
Z. Horita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Steady State ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Electron Back Scatter Diffraction ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Copper Zinc

High purity elements such as magnesium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, vanadium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, indium, tin, hafnium, gold and lead were processed by high-pressure torsion and subsequently evaluated by microstructural examinations and Vickers microhardness measurement. The grain size at the steady state, where the grain size and hardness remain unchanged with straining, was determined using either transmission electron microscopy, electron back-scatter diffraction analysis and/or optical microscopy. It is found that the steady state grain sizes are at the submicrometer level in elements with metallic bonding and at the nanometer level in elements with covalent bonding. The correlations between the steady-state grain size and the physical properties of metals are examined and it is found that the atomic bond energy and the homologous temperature are important parameters influencing the steady-state grain size after processing by HPT. A linear correlation between the hardness and grain size at the steady state is achieved by plotting the hardness normalized by the shear modulus against the grain size normalized by the Burgers vector in the logarithmic scale.

SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATIONS OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN SERA OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION BY PIXE

1993 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. MIURA ◽  
C. ITOH ◽  
T. MIYAKAWA ◽  
K. NAKAI ◽  
K. HIRAMORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Zinc Nickel

Using PIXE we determined concentrations of iron, nickel, copper, zinc, selenium, and rubidium in sera of 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 12 healthy controls. Rubidium*, selenium*, zinc**, nickel** and iron** concentrations are significantly (P<0.001*, P<0.01**) lower for patients than for control subjects. No significant difference is observed in the copper content. However, there is a slight increase in copper content in the patients so that the ratios Cu/Rb, Cu/Se, Cu/Zn, Cu/Ni, Cu/Fe are significantly higher for the patients than for the control subjects (P<0.01).

scholarly journals Potential for clean yam minisett production by resource-poor farmers in the middle-belt of Nigeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MORSE ◽  
N. McNAMARA ◽  
M. ACHOLO
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
White Yam ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
River Niger

SUMMARYYam minisett technique (YMT) has been promoted throughout West Africa since the 1980s as a sustainable means of producing clean yam planting material, but adoption of the technique is often reported as being patchy at best. While there has been much research on the factors that influence adoption of the technique, there have been no attempts to assess its economic viability under ‘farmer-managed’ as distinct from ‘on station’ conditions. The present paper describes the results of farmer-managed trials employing the YMT (white yam: Dioscorea rotundata) at two villages in Igalaland, Kogi State, Nigeria. One of the villages (Edeke) is on the banks of the River Niger and represents a specialist yam environment, whereas the other village (Ekwuloko) is inland, where farmers employ a more general cropping system. Four farmers were selected in each of the two villages and asked to plant a trial comprising two varieties of yam, their popular local variety as well as another variety grown in other parts of Igalaland, and to treat yam setts (80–100 g) with either woodash or insecticide/nematicide+fungicide mix (chemical treatment). Results suggest that while chemical sett treatment increased yield and hence gross margin compared with woodash, if household labour is costed then YMT is not economically viable. However, the specialist yam growers of Edeke were far more positive about the use of YMT as they tended to keep the yam seed tubers for planting rather than sell them. Thus, great care needs to be taken with planning adoption surveys on the assumption that all farmers should adopt a technology.

Effect of Hydroxypropylation on the Properties of White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Starch

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayide S. Lawal ◽  
Olusegun O. Ogundiran ◽  
Ezekiel K. Adesogan ◽  
Babatunde M. Ogunsanwo ◽  
Olumide A. Sosanwo
Keyword(s):  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
White Yam

scholarly journals Localized cutaneous argyria: a new observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Selma El Kadiri ◽  
Hanane Baybay
Keyword(s):  
Cell Layer ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Dermatological Examination ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Superficial Dermis ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Switching Treatment

A 27-year-old female, a radiotherapy technician, was referred to our consultation with a localized gray pigmentation of the perinasal area. The condition had been asymptomatic for its entire duration of 2 years. A dermatological examination found a localized bluish-gray pigmentation in the perinasal area. Dermoscopy revealed an annular bluish-gray patch. Her occupation involved the manufacture and micromanipulation of machines, which required handling pure iron, nickel, copper, and silver with bare hands. She also reported a tic of flaring the nose. A skin biopsy was performed and histology revealed deposits of fine granules in the basal cell layer of eccrine sweat glands and along the elastic fibers of the superficial dermis, conforming with the diagnosis of argyria. The patient was given laser Q-switching treatment and showed a measurable improvement. This case studies a currently rare dermatological curiosity. Argyria is a disease caused by chronic absorption of silver-rich materials. This is the first description of argyria following the manipulation of radiopaque caches with a tic of flaring the nose.

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