Identification of 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-16-ene as the musk odour component of boar submaxillary salivary gland and its relationship to the sex odour taint in pork meat

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. S. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Submaxillary Salivary Gland

scholarly journals Changes of Androstenone Concentrations in Saliva of Boars with Age

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Kamila Pokorná ◽  
Jaroslav Čítek ◽  
Petr Doležal ◽  
Martyna Małopolska ◽  
Mirosłav Tyra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Large White ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Submaxillary Salivary Gland ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
A Current

With the increasing age of boars, the possibility of androstenone (5α-androst-16-en-3-one (AND), 5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol (α-AND), and 5α-androst-16-en-3β-ol (β-AND)) occurrence increases as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate concentrations of androstenone compounds in the saliva of boars concerning the age of animals. In total, 72 boars were evaluated (24 boars per replication). The effect of age (three different ages—152, 163, and 172 days) was observed, and (Landrace × Large White) × Pietrain genotypes were used. Chemical analysis of saliva samples was conducted by multidimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (MDGC/MS). Salivary α-AND increased with age (p < 0.05), and positive correlations were found between age and submaxillary salivary gland weight (p < 0.05), age, and salivary AND concentration (p < 0.05), body weight and submaxillary salivary gland weight (p < 0.05), submaxillary salivary gland weight and salivary β-AND concentration (p < 0.05), as well as submaxillary salivary gland weight and total salivary 5α-androstenone (AND total) concentration (p < 0.001). Nowadays, animal welfare is becoming a more and more discussed topic, and pig breeding is not an exception. Specifically, the castration ban is a current issue, so it is very important to know as much as possible about compounds responsible for boar taint. Androstenone’s appearance in boars’ saliva could be one of the most important precursors for future early detection of boar taint.

Conductivity changes in some organs after circulatory arrest

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Harreveld ◽  
M. P. Biber
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Intracellular Compartment ◽  
Extracellular Compartment ◽  
Submaxillary Salivary Gland

A loss of electrical conductivity after circulatory arrest was observed in the submaxillary salivary gland, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle. A drop in conductivity of 85–90% of the original value developed in about 0.5 hr in the liver. In the kidney the loss was less severe. Salivary glands lost about 70–80% of their conductivity in 1.5 hr. The losses in muscle conductivity developed late and were not greater than 50%. The drop in conductivity observed in the various organs after circulatory arrest can be accounted for by losses of extracellular electrolytes from the tissues, which could be demonstrated in preparations stained for chloride. In this context the electrolytes in the blood plasma have to be included in the extracellular compartment. The extracellular electrolytes are lost either because they are transported into the intracellular compartment or because they leave the tissue with blood that flows out of the organ after circulatory arrest.

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