scholarly journals The role of feed enzymes in maintaining broiler intestinal health through modification of the microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Bedford ◽  
J.H. Apajalahti
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Feed Enzymes

Role of dietary fiber in safeguarding intestinal health after pelvic radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Bull ◽  
Sravani Devarakonda ◽  
Rebecca Ahlin
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Pelvic Radiotherapy ◽  
Intestinal Health

scholarly journals Amino Acids Influencing Intestinal Development and Health of the Piglets

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Mou ◽  
Huan-Sheng Yang ◽  
Yu-Long Yin ◽  
Peng-Fei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Weaning Piglets

The amino acids and other components of diet provide nourishment for piglet intestinal development and maturation. However, early-weaned piglets struggle with tremendous stress, impairing normal intestinal health and leading to intestinal dysfunction and even death. The high prevalence worldwide of post-weaning diarrhoea syndrome (PWDS) in piglets has led to much interest in understanding the important role of nutrients in the establishment and maintenance of a functional intestinal tract. In particular, the impacts of amino acids on these functions must be considered. Amino acid levels greatly influence intestinal development in weaning piglets. The lack of amino acids can cause marked structural and functional changes in the intestine. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the functions of amino acids is necessary to optimize amino acid requirements of the developing intestinal tract to maximize piglet health and growth performance. This review summarizes the role of specific amino acids (arginine, glutamate, threonine, sulphur-containing amino acids (SCAAs), and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)) that have been proven to be beneficial for the intestinal health of weaned piglets.

scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Chen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Health And Disease

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that the gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of microbes representing over 1,000 species of bacteria with over 3 million genes, significantly impacts intestinal health and disease. The gut microbiota not only is capable of promoting intestinal homeostasis and antitumor responses but can also contribute to chronic dysregulated inflammation as well as have genotoxic effects that lead to carcinogenesis. Whether the gut microbiota maintains health or promotes colon cancer may ultimately depend on the composition of the gut microbiome and the balance within the microbial community of protective and detrimental bacterial populations. Disturbances in the normal balanced state of a healthful microbiome, known as dysbiosis, have been observed in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, whether these alterations precede and cause CRC remains to be determined. Nonetheless, studies in mice strongly suggest that the gut microbiota can modulate susceptibility to CRC, and therefore may serve as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals The Role of Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals, and Food Supplements in Intestinal Health

Nutrients ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avrelija Cencic ◽  
Walter Chingwaru
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Intestinal Health

scholarly journals The role of added feed enzymes in promoting gut health in swine and poultry

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah Kiarie ◽  
Luis F. Romero ◽  
Charles M. Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Pathogen Challenge ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation ◽  
Host Nutrition ◽  
Feed Enzymes ◽  
The Impact

The value of added feed enzymes (FE) in promoting growth and efficiency of nutrient utilisation is well recognised in single-stomached animal production. However, the effects of FE on the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are largely unrecognised. A critical role in host nutrition, health, performance and quality of the products produced is played by the intestinal microbiota. FE can make an impact on GIT microbial ecology by reducing undigested substrates and anti-nutritive factors and producing oligosaccharidesin situfrom dietary NSP with potential prebiotic effects. Investigations with molecular microbiology techniques have demonstrated FE-mediated responses on energy utilisation in broiler chickens that were associated with certain clusters of GIT bacteria. Furthermore, investigations using specific enteric pathogen challenge models have demonstrated the efficacy of FE in modulating gut health. Because FE probably change the substrate characteristics along the GIT, subsequent microbiota responses will vary according to the populations present at the time of administration and their reaction to such changes. Therefore, the microbiota responses to FE administration, rather than being absolute, are a continuum or a population of responses. However, recognition that FE can make an impact on the gut microbiota and thus gut health will probably stimulate development of FE capable of modulating gut microbiota to the benefit of host health under specific production conditions. The present review brings to light opportunities and challenges for the role of major FE (carbohydrases and phytase) on the gut health of poultry and swine species with a specific focus on the impact on GIT microbiota.

scholarly journals 370 Awardee Talk: Role of feed enzymes in gut health and function

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Charles Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Medication Costs ◽  
Feed Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
And Function

Abstract Exogenous enzymes are routinely added to diets for non-ruminant animals, mainly to help enhance energy and nutrient utilization, thus contributing to efficient and sustainable production systems. Also, feed enzymes allow for effective utilization of non-traditional feedstuffs (e.g. co-products) in non-ruminant diets, with potential to mitigate feed cost. In addition to increased nutrient utilization, however, feed enzymes, through their impact on the gastrointestinal environment and microbial composition, can have a profound effect on indices of gut health and function. These effects may explain the reported reductions in medication costs and variability in animal performance and mortality rates observed with dietary enzyme supplementation. By acting on their target substrates, feed enzymes reduce the availability of non-digested substrates and in the case of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes can produce short-chain oligosaccharides with potential prebiotic effects. These changes are known to modulate the gut microbiome in favor of bacteria associated with a healthy gut, while reducing the population of pathogenic bacteria, which explains the reduced incidences of diarrhea that have been attributed to enzyme supplementation. Also, feed enzymes may reduce oxidative stress and enhance the functional capacity (e.g. maintaining barrier function) of the gastrointestinal tract. Feed enzymes by themselves may never be a single solution to mitigate gut health challenges in livestock production systems, but clearly there is a mounting body of evidence to support the role of feed enzymes in this regard. Therefore, their benefits will be maximized when used as part of an integrated solution approach for containing enteric pathogens of economic importance and eliminating the negative effects of dietary components with potential to compromise intestinal integrity.

The role of carbohydrates in intestinal health of pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 173 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knud Erik Bach Knudsen ◽  
Mette Skou Hedemann ◽  
Helle Nygaard Lærke
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Health
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