Qualitative and quantitative profiles of jejunal oligosaccharides and cecal short‐chain fatty acids in broiler chickens receiving different dietary levels of fiber, protein and exogenous enzymes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lin ◽  
Oluyinka A Olukosi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Effect of Oat Hulls Incorporated in the Diet or Fed as Free Choice on Growth Performance, Carcass Yield, Gut Morphology and Digesta Short Chain Fatty Acids of Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Adewole ◽  
Janice MacIsaac ◽  
Gillian Fraser ◽  
Bruce Rathgeber
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The use of high fiber agricultural byproducts in poultry nutrition can help not only to reduce feed cost but also to promote gastrointestinal functionality and growth performance and enhance environmental sustainability. This study was conducted to examine the effect of oat hulls (OH) incorporated in the diet or fed as free choice on growth performance, intestinal morphology, cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) production and carcass yield of broiler chickens. Day old broiler chickens were assigned to 4 dietary treatment groups which consisted of a corn–soybean meal–wheat based diet (Basal), Basal + bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD), Basal + 3% OH (3% OH) and Basal + free choice OH (FCOH). Each group had six replicate pens of 27 chicks and were raised for 39 d. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined weekly for each pen. One chicken/pen was slaughtered on d 36 to determine organ weights, jejunal morphology, digesta pH and cecal SCFA and two chickens/pen were slaughtered on d 39 to determine carcass weight and yield. Diet had no effect on FI, except on d 28, when the FCOH group had higher FI than the 3% OH groups. During the starter phase, chickens fed 3% OH had the highest BWG and lowest FCR, which were significantly different (p < 0.05) from those fed FCOH. Chickens fed 3% OH had the highest slaughter, hot carcass, and cold carcass weights, which were significantly different (p < 0.05) from those fed FCOH. Diet had no effect on jejunal villus height and crypt depth, ileal and cecal digesta pH, and cecal SCFA. Chickens fed FCOH had a larger (p < 0.0001) gizzard weight and showed a tendency to have a larger (p = 0.09) ceca weight than other treatment groups. In conclusion, the inclusion of 3% OH in an antibiotic-free diet has the potential to enhance growth performance, while free choice OH increases the gizzard weight of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Exogenous Enzymes Influenced Eimeria-Induced Changes in Cecal Fermentation Profile and Gene Expression of Nutrient Transporters in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2698
Author(s):  
Yang Lin ◽  
Oluyinka A. Olukosi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutrient Transporters ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Fermentation Pattern ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Two 21-day experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous enzymes on growth performance, tight junctions, and nutrient transporters, jejunal oligosaccharides and cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) of broiler chickens challenged with mixed Eimeria. Two different basal diets: high fiber-adequate protein (HFAP; Expt. 1) or low fiber-low protein (LFLP; Expt. 2) were used in the two experiments. In each experiment, birds were allocated to four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (with or without protease and xylanase combination; with or without Eimeria challenge). In Expt. 1, with HFAP diets, Eimeria upregulated (p < 0.05) the expression of claudin-1, but downregulated (p < 0.05) glucose transporters GLUT2/GLUT5. On the contrary, enzymes downregulated (p < 0.05) claudin-1 and alleviated the Eimeria-depressed GLUT2/GLUT5 expression. In both experiments, Eimeria decreased (p < 0.05) cecal saccharolytic SCFA and increased (p < 0.05) cecal branched-chain fatty acids. The challenge × enzyme interaction (p < 0.05) showed that enzymes reversed the Eimeria effects on fermentation pattern shift. In conclusion, Eimeria altered tight junctions and nutrient transporters expression promoted cecal proteolytic fermentation and inhibited saccharolytic fermentation. Exogenous enzymes showed the potential of alleviating the Eimeria-induced intestinal gene expression changes and reversing the unfavorable cecal fermentation pattern.

Effect of short-chain fatty acids on the ethylene pathway in embryonic axes of Cicer arietinum during germination

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Gallardo ◽  
Paloma Munoz De Rueda ◽  
Angel Jesus Matilla ◽  
Isabel Maria Sanchez-Calle
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Prevent Diabetic Nephropathy In Vivo and In Vitro

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 92-OR ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI HUANG ◽  
YONG XU ◽  
YOUHUA XU ◽  
LUPING ZHOU ◽  
CHENLIN GAO
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

1898-P: Colonic Short-Chain Fatty Acids Lower Endogenous Glucose Production

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1898-P
Author(s):  
ADELINA I.L. LANE ◽  
SAVANNA N. WENINGER ◽  
FRANK DUCA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Endogenous Glucose ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Concentrations and Correlations of Faecal Short-chain Fatty Acids and Faecal Water Content in Man

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Siigur ◽  
K. E. Norin ◽  
G. Allgood ◽  
T. Schlagheck ◽  
Tore Midtvedt
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids
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